全尺寸全空域高超声速等效模拟器原理及概念设计

利用螺旋波电离加速并获得轴向速度约为5~10 km/s的等离子体束流,再经过电荷交换产生等速的定向高速气流。采用多束并联的工作方式模拟高速中性气流环境,实现对约0.5~3 m2的整个高超声速飞行器横截面积的覆盖,每一束气流的横截面积约为0.031 4 m2,其密度在1015~1021 m-3范围可调。基于多束并联工作原理的模拟器称之为全尺寸全空域等效模拟器,能够用于高超声速飞行器的气动力学、气动加热等的地面研究,所获得的测量数据更加符合实际飞行状态,也可以解决缩比模型实验的相似性原理差异等技术难题。     

航天器在轨泄漏声发射信号特征分析

载人航天器的防护要求不断增强, 在轨泄漏检测的重要性日益凸现。文章阐述了航天器在轨泄漏声发射检测的基本原理, 介绍了泄漏检测系统的基本组成及性能参数。通过泄漏声发射检测实验, 利用频谱分析法和特征参数分析法对不同孔径圆形漏孔泄漏产生的声发射信号进行研究, 得到了泄漏声发射信号的频谱和特征参数。实验结果表明, 机械泵运行产生的背景噪声信号主要分布在10 kHz以下, 而气体泄漏产生的是高频声发射信号, 且漏孔越小, 信号能量越小, 高频成分所占比例越大。该研究对于航天器在轨泄漏的检测及泄漏量评估等具有实际意义。     

基于Pro/E软件的卫星三维布局与电缆的协同设计

针对传统卫星电缆网设计不够精准且效率偏低的局限,基于Pro/E 软件二次开发了“卫星三维布局与布线专家设计系统”,包括软件架构、系统建模、布局设计和电缆设计等模块。该系统已应用于卫星研制,实际证明可有效解决传统卫星三维布局与电缆网协同设计问题,实现卫星电缆三维设计。     

航天器电子设备温-湿-振综合环境应力试验的设计与过程控制方法

为进一步发现产品缺陷,提高产品可靠性,需对航天器电子设备选择温度-湿度-振动综合环境进行考核。文章分析了航天器电子设备在温度-湿度-振动综合环境下的故障模式和失效机理,论述了综合环境应力试验的设计方案、过程控制方法及需考虑的影响因素,并总结了试验发展方向,为推广应用温度-湿度-振动综合环境应力试验提供参考。     

嫦娥五号探测器采样区快速视觉测量技术及应用

针对嫦娥五号探测器采样区视觉信息支持的需求和研制过程中的工程约束,提出了一种采样区快速视觉测量技术,研究内容包括时空受限条件下的相机标定、适应月面弱纹理的密集匹配以及AIT(总装、集成及测试)场景下的测量精度地面验证。最终在轨实现了1s内对采样区地形的快速三维重建,并对采样区景物完成了测量,证明了该视觉测量技术的有效性。     

天问一号着陆器大底分离触发条件设计方法

针对天问一号着陆器防热大底分离触发条件确定问题,利用数学仿真的方法分析气动特性、防热大底相对着陆器姿态运动等因素对分离安全性的影响,给出可安全分离的触发条件.不同分离触发马赫数的仿真结果表明,较大分离马赫数的碰撞风险较高,但防热大底长期运动趋势由弹道系数决定,相比着陆器下降更快.根据伞降过程着陆器姿态运动及伞绳力特点,...     

轻型刚性陶瓷填充材料性能表征及其空间环境效应试验研究

轻型刚性陶瓷因其稳定的介电常数和良好的耐压性能,已经作为填充材料应用于航天器器件中。文章对介质陶瓷材料的结构、组织形貌、力学性能和微波介电性能开展了系统研究,探讨了结构的各向异性对力学性能和电性能的影响。重点对介质陶瓷的空间环境效应开展研究,试验结果发现其具有低的真空出气总质损和可凝挥发物含量,以及一定的空间总剂量辐照耐受能力。陶瓷经历湿热处理后,结构强度出现了一定程度的下降,分析发现是由陶瓷内部含有的少量B_2O_3黏结剂吸水生成硼酸导致。     

采用数控改造后的立式车床加工某产品滚道

通过对CQ52100型立式车床进行数控化改造,并使用弹性辅助支撑工作台,选用合适的刀具,运用CAD/CAM软件对异形圆弧进行自动编程,同时加强加工过程中的监控,最终满足了加工某产品滚道的工艺要求。     

A numerical model for bird strike on sidewall structure of an aircraft nose

In order to examine the potential of using the coupled smooth particles hydrodynamic(SPH) and finite element(FE) method to predict the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in bird strike events, bird-strike tests on the sidewall structure of an aircraft nose are carried out and numerically simulated. The bird is modeled with SPH and described by the Murnaghan equation of state, while the structure is modeled with finite elements. A coupled SPH–FE method is developed to simulate the bird-strike tests and a numerical model is established using a commercial software PAM-CRASH. The bird model shows no signs of instability and correctly modeled the break-up of the bird into particles. Finally the dynamic response such as strains in the skin is simulated and compared with test results, and the simulated deformation and fracture process of the sidewall structure is compared with images recorded by a high speed camera. Good agreement between the simulation results and test data indicates that the coupled SPH–FE method can provide a very powerful tool in predicting the dynamic responses of aircraft structures in events of bird strike.     

Autonomous attitude coordinated control for spacecraft formation with input constraint,model uncertainties,and external disturbances

To synchronize the attitude of a spacecraft formation flying system, three novel autonomous control schemes are proposed to deal with the issue in this paper. The first one is an ideal autonomous attitude coordinated controller, which is applied to address the case with certain models and no disturbance. The second one is a robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which aims to tackle the case with external disturbances and model uncertainties. The last one is a filtered robust adaptive attitude coordinated controller, which is used to overcome the case with input con- straint, model uncertainties, and external disturbances. The above three controllers do not need any external tracking signal and only require angular velocity and relative orientation between a spacecraft and its neighbors. Besides, the relative information is represented in the body frame of each spacecraft. The controllers are proved to be able to result in asymptotical stability almost everywhere. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed three approaches are effective for attitude coordination in a spacecraft formation flying system.