统一硬化模型在复杂加载条件下的应用

超固结土模型是能够描述土的剪缩、剪胀、硬化、软化和应力路径依赖性等特性的简单、实用的模型,与剑桥模型相比,仅增加了一个材料参数(Hvorslev面斜率).采用基于SMP(Specialy Mobilized Plane)强度准则的变换应力方法对模型实现了三维化.在模型中应用加卸载准则来反映复杂加载条件下土体的应力应变特性,模拟了随着循环次数的增加,土体会逐渐变硬,剪切模量逐渐增大、孔隙比减小、超固结程度不断增大等趋势.由循环加载以及真三轴试验数据和预测结果的基本吻合表明了模型能够合理地反映复杂加载条件下土的变形特性.      

Fixed membrane wings for micro air vehicles: Experimental characterization,numerical modeling,and tailoring

Fixed wing micro air vehicles (wingspan between 10 and 15 cm) are aerodynamically challenging due to the low Reynolds number regime (10⁴–10⁵) they operate in. The low aspect ratio wings (typically used to maximize area under a size constraint) promote strong tip vortices, and are susceptible to rolling instabilities. Wind gusts can be of the same order of magnitude as the flight speed (10–15 m/s). Standard control surfaces on an empennage must be eliminated for size considerations and drag reduction, and the range of stable center of gravity locations is only a few millimeters long. Membrane aeroelasticity has been identified as a tenable method to alleviate these issues: flexible wing structures with geometric twist (adaptive washout for gust rejection, delayed stall) and aerodynamic twist (adaptive inflation for high lift, larger stability margins) are both considered here. Recent investigations in static aeroelastic characterization, including flight loads, wing deformation, flow structures, aeroelastic-tailoring studies through laminate orientation, as well as unconventional techniques based on membrane pre-tension, are reviewed. Multi-objective optimization aimed at improving lift, drag, and pitching moment considerations is also discussed.     

基于点线关系的透视图消隐算法

准确获取建筑物的三维形体信息,在军事和民用上都有非常重要的意义.针对建筑物三维形体获取过程中的消隐问题,提出了一种基于点线关系的三维透视图消隐算法.结合后向面判别法和光线投射算法,利用三维表面模型中点、线、面的遮挡关系和视平面域上的包含性规则,进行边界线段的显、隐程度检查,实现对模型的消隐处理.实验结果表明,该算法数据结构简单,建立的透视投影计算模型正确且消隐算法有效,为地形地物透视图的消隐提供了一种新的方法与支持手段.     

气溶胶光学特性偏振遥感反演算法

陆地上空大气顶的辐射主要由大气散射和地表反射组成,一般地表反射的贡献要大于大气散射的贡献,使得陆地上空气溶胶的特性提取非常困难,而偏振信息只强烈依赖于散射粒子的特性,发展基于偏振信息的气溶胶反演方法是非常有效的. 通过对矢量辐射传输方程求解进行研究,基于倍加累加法矢量辐射传输模式分析影响气溶胶反演的主要因素,确定多维参数查找表建立方法,利用POLDER(Polarization and Directionality of the Earth-s Reflectances)提供的反射率和偏振反射率数据,发展了一种利用反射率和偏振反射率查找表迭代查找反演气溶胶光学参数和地表反射率的算法,实现了对北京、香河、Dalanzadgad观测站上空气溶胶光学厚度、粒子半径、折射指数和地表反射率的反演.用AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)地基数据对反演结果进行了验证.     

平板型MLHP温度波动研究

环路热管(Loop Heat Pipe,LHP)是一种靠蒸发器的毛细芯产生毛细力驱动回路运行,利用工质相变来传递热量的高效传热装置。研制了一套平板式蒸发器、风冷式冷凝器的小型环路热管(MLHP),MLHP的毛细芯为500目不锈钢丝网,工质为丙酮,蒸发器、冷凝器以及所有管路均由紫铜制成。主要研究了平板型MLHP在不同热负荷条件下的温度波动特性,并重点研究了倾角以及充灌量等对MLHP系统温度波动的影响,且给出相应的合理解释。实验结果表明,平板式MLHP在2~3W/cm2热流密度区间范围内容易发生温度波动。     

Local Path Planning and Tracking Control of Vehicle Collision Avoidance System

Automotive collision avoidance technology can effectively avoid the accidents caused by dangerous traffic conditions or driver's manipulation errors.Moreover,it can promote the development of autonomous driving for intelligent vehicle in intelligent transportation.We present a collision avoidance system,which is composed of an evasive trajectory planner and a path following controller.Considering the stability of the vehicle in the conflict-free process,the evasive trajectory planner is designed by polynomial parametric method and optimized by genetic algorithm.The path following controller is proposed to make the car drive along the designed path by controlling the vehicle's lateral movement.Simulation results show that the vehicle with the proposed controller has good stability in the collision process,and it can ensure the vehicle driving in accordance with the planned trajectory at different speeds.The research results can provide a certain basis for the research and development of automotive collision avoidance technology.     

抗离群值的鲁棒正则化贯序超限学习机

针对离群值环境下的在线学习问题,提出一种鲁棒正则化贯序超限学习机(Robust regularized online sequential extreme learning machine,RR-OSELM)。RR-OSELM以增量学习新样本的方式实现在线学习,并在学习过程中基于样本的先验误差进行逆向加权计算以降低学习模型对于离群值的敏感性;同时RR-OSELM通过融合使用Tikhonov正则化技术进一步增强了其在实际应用中的稳定性。实验结果表明,RR-OSELM具有较同类算法更好的鲁棒性和实用性,对于离群值环境下的在线建模与预测问题是积极有效的。     

Dimensional Variation Modeling of Aircraft Compliant Part Assembly Considering Clamping Force Change

Compliant parts are widely applied to aircraft structures. Due to the ease of deformation of compliant parts in assembly,the prediction of assembly variation is especially important for assembly quality control. A dimensional variation model considering the clamping force change in assembly is proposed based on the method of influence coefficient(MIC). First,the assembly process is decomposed into several steps including positioning,clamping,joining,and spring-back. Then,the force-displacement relationship is formulated according to the varied force conditions on the parts in each assembly step. Finally,two examples are illustrated to validate the proposed assembly variation model. The results show the impact of clamping force change is significant on the assembly variation,and the proposed model can predict the assembly variation more accurately than the referred method without clamping force correction at the over-constrained locating points of fixture.     

航空航天制造机器人高精度作业装备与技术综述

新一代航空航天产品的研制与批产对制造精度与加工质量提出了更高的新要求。以机器人为核心的智能制造技术与装备是解决该难题的有效途径。然而,工业机器人较低的定位精度与弱刚性结构属性严重制约了其在航空航天部件高精度加工作业中的推广应用。本文在阐述国内外机器人装备在航空航天制造业的应用现状的基础上,重点介绍了机器人作业刚度强化策略与定位误差精确补偿方法的研究现状,并分析了现有高精度控制方法存在的问题及技术难点。最后探讨了机器人作业装备在航空航天制造领域的技术发展趋势,为面向航空航天产品的机器人高精度制造技术的研究提供参考与借鉴。     

基于NB-IoT技术和GA-BP神经网络的车位预测系统

围绕有效整合城市停车资源,提高现有车位存量利用率的需求,构建了一种基于NB-IoT技术的车位预测系统。该系统采用NB-IoT技术进行信息采集与传输实现车位信息的共享;考虑到车位状态信息实时变化的特性,用历史车位占用数据来建立车位预测模型,推测出未来短时内车位变化趋势。为了提高车位预测的精度,采用遗传算法(Genetic algorithm,GA)优化反向传播(Back propagtion,BP)神经网络建立GA-BP神经网络车位预测模型。以某地下停车场历史数据为例进行仿真实验,研究结果表明:车位预测模型预测值与实际值相近且趋势保持一致,能够有效准确的预测车位状态变化,具有较高的精度。