High temporal resolution global PWV dataset of 2005–2016 by using a neural network approach to determine the mean temperature of the atmosphere

Atmospheric water vapour plays an important role in phenomena related to the global hydrologic cycle and climate change. However, the rapid temporal–spatial variation in global tropospheric water vapour has not been well investigated due to a lack of long-term, high-temporal-resolution precipitable water vapour (PWV). Accordingly, this study generates an hourly PWV dataset for 272 ground-based International Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations over the period of 2005–2016 using the zenith troposphere delay (ZTD) derived from global-scale GNSS observation. The root mean square (RMS) of the hourly ZTD obtained from the IGS tropospheric product is approximately 4 mm. A fifth-generation reanalysis dataset of the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF ERA5) is used to obtain hourly surface temperature (T) and pressure (P), which are first validated with GNSS synoptic station data and radiosonde data, respectively. Then, T and P are used to calculate the water vapour-weighted atmospheric mean temperature (Tm) and zenith hydrostatic delay (ZHD), respectively. T and P at the GNSS stations are obtained via an interpolation in the horizontal and vertical directions using the grid-based ERA5 reanalysis dataset. Here, Tm is calculated using a neural network model, whereas ZHD is obtained using an empirical Saastamoinen model. The RMS values of T and P at the collocated 693 radiosonde stations are 1.6 K and 3.1 hPa, respectively. Therefore, the theoretical error of PWV caused by the errors in ZTD, T and P is on the order of approximately 2.1 mm. A practical comparison experiment is performed using 97 collocated radiosonde stations and 23 GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. The RMS and bias of the hourly PWV dataset are 2.87/?0.16 and 2.45/0.55 mm, respectively, when compared with radiosonde and GNSS stations equipped with meteorological sensors. Additionally, preliminary analysis of the hourly PWV dataset during the EI Niño event of 2014–2016 further indicates the capability of monitoring the daily changes in atmospheric water vapour. This finding is interesting and significant for further climate research.     

Particle swarm optimization applied to hypersonic reentry trajectories

This paper presents the novel use of the particle swarm optimization(PSO)to generate the end-to-end trajectory for hypersonic reentry vehicles in a quite simple formulation.The velocitydependent bank angle profile is developed to reduce the search space of unknown parameters based on the constrained PSO algorithm.The path constraints are enforced by setting the fitness function to be infinite on condition that the particles violate the maximum allowable values.The PSO algorithm also provides a much easier means to satisfy the terminal conditions by adding penalty terms to the fitness function.Furthermore,the approximate reentry landing footprint is fast constructed by incorporating an interpolation model into the standardized bank angle profiles.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the PSO method is a feasible and flexible tool to generate the end-to-end trajectory and landing footprint for hypersonic reentry vehicles.     

无源滤波器频率漂移的一种迭代算法

文章介绍了无源滤波器在试验过程中产生的典型幅频特性漂移曲线，并针对这些典型曲线提出了基于均方误差最小原则和牛顿迭代的频率漂移算法。     

靶场试验雷达组网信息系统设计

针对靶场试验跨区域雷达联合参试的特点,结合靶场试验信息实时处理显示需求,分析和比较了高层体系 结构(HLA)和试验训练使能体系结构(TENA)的原理和技术优势,设计了适用于靶场试验的雷达组网信息系统总 体框架,阐述了该系统的组成和功能,为提高靶场综合试验能力做出了探索。     

预燃式等离子体射流点火器工作特性实验研究

为解决发动机点火包线小于飞行包线的实际问题,提供等离子体点火技术在航空发动机中的工程应用新思路,论文设计了一种预燃式等离子体射流点火器,实验研究了放电特性和射流特性。结果表明,预燃式等离子体射流点火器与空气等离子体射流点火器相比,在提升射流能量降低电源功率方面有着较大的优势,电流相同时通入甲烷在较大流量时可减小驱动电源功率,总流量为44L/min时,减幅可达14.99%;同时预燃式等离子体射流较空气等离子体射流稳定,且射流长度增加,扩大了点火面积,有利于点火。     

UHMWPE/PCH复合材料性能研究

采用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维作增强材料,结构与UHMWPE纤维相似、且对纤维表面具有良好润湿性的全碳氢树脂(PCH)作基体,通过热压成型工艺制备UHMWPE/PCH复合材料,并通过扫描电镜、介电谱仪等方法对复合材料的力学性能、介电性能、吸水、湿热性能及界面粘接性能进行表征.结果表明,UHMwPE/PCH复合材料力学性能良好、介电性能优异、吸水率小、吸湿率低、粘接性能好.     

一种准循环低密度校验码部分并行编码结构设计

为了满足在一个系统中使用多码率低密度奇偶校验（LDPC）码字的需求,设计了一个多码率准循环LDPC（QC LDPC）码编码器;按照功能,将编码器分成输入缓存单元（ISU）、生成矩阵存储单元（GMSU）、矩阵乘法运算单元（MMU）以及输出缓存单元（OSU）4个主要组成部分;通过使用多个小块存储器组合的方式设计ISU可以使无效存储空间降到最低;通过分析各种码率生成矩阵特点,将矩阵进行分割,从而将各种码率生成矩阵所需要的信息存储在若干个存储单元中;MMU用于完成信息位与矩阵的乘法与求和运算,运算单元的数目和GMSU的数目相等;OSU中包括两个存储器,采用乒乓操作,以提高编码速率。通过管脚的选择,此编码器支持0.4, 0.6以及0.8码率3种编码模式。最后用Altera公司的现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）EP1S801508C7对编码器进行了实现。结果显示此编码器仅耗费5 339个逻辑单元,占FPGA总逻辑单元的7%,耗费439 296比特的存储器资源,占FPGA总存储器资源的6%。     

硅含量对聚硅乙炔树脂热性能的影响

合成了一系列不同硅含量的聚硅乙炔树脂,研究了硅含量对其耐热性能的影响.采用GPC、1H-NMR和29Si-NMR对树脂结构进行了表征,并运用DSC、TGA等对其热稳定性及高温抗氧化性进行了初步表征.TGA测试结果表明具有不同硅含量的树脂固化物在氮气中的残重率无明显差异,均在81%～85%;而在空气气氛中,树脂的残重率随着硅含量的增加而明显提高,从51%提高到67%,表明硅含量的增加有利于改善树脂的抗氧化性能.对于本体系硅含量的增加也伴随着Si-H键含量的增加,降低树脂固化温度,增大固化放热量.     

基于WDM网络的航空电子网络研究

分析了WDM网络对未来航空电子网络的适应性,重点研究了航电WDM网络的网络特性和网络结构设计等关键技术,还分析了基于ShuffieNet型规则虚拓扑的航电网络的实时性能,最后搭建了试验平台并验证了该网络的高带宽、低延迟的网络性能。     

软质脆性且低熔点的有机晶体加工

在试验的基础上,探讨了软质、脆性且低熔点的有机非线性光学晶体二苯甲酮的切割、研磨和抛光方法。