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281.
The emerging new concepts and technologies based on microwave photonics have led to an ever-increasing interest in developing innovative radar systems with a net gain in functionality, bandwidth/resolution, size, mass, complexity and cost when compared with the traditional implementations. This paper describes the techniques de- veloped in the last few years in microwave photonics that might revolutionize the way to design multifunction radar systems, with an emphasis on the recent advances in optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs), arbitrary waveform gener- ation, photonic mixing, phase coding, filtering, beamforming, analog-to-digital conversion, and stable radio-fre- quency signal transfer. Challenges in implementation of these components and subsystems for meeting the technique requirements of the multifunction radar applications are discussed. 相似文献
283.
Rui Tu Jinhai Liu Rui Zhang Pengfei Zhang Xiaodong Huang Xiaochun Lu 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(2):913-926
This paper proposes a real-time kinematic (RTK) model that uses one common reference satellite for the Galileo system with four frequency observations. In the proposed model, the double-differenced (DD) pseudorange and carrier phase biases among the different frequencies are estimated as unknown parameters to recover the integer features of the DD ambiguities among the different frequencies for ambiguity resolution and precise positioning. Analysis results show that the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies have virtually the same performance in terms of the positioning accuracy, observation residuals, and ratio values of ambiguity resolution. However, the E1 frequency performs worse than the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies. The RTK results for the combination of multiple frequencies are much better than those for a single-frequency observation, the coordinates’ standard deviation is improved about 20–30%, and the ambiguity fix time is improved about 10%. 相似文献
284.
Gen Wang Jianwei Zhang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
Assimilated channel brightness temperature data from infrared sounders accounting for cloud effects have a positive effect on weather forecasting, especially in weather-sensitive areas. When cloud effects are included, the channel brightness temperature deviations follow a non-Gaussian distribution. However, classical variational data assimilation follows a Gaussian distribution. When processing the cloud-affected brightness temperature, useful data are lost through the cloud detection process, thus assimilating some channel brightness temperatures with weight function peaks above the cloud top. Furthermore, strict quality control of brightness temperature removes outliers. By adopting the generalised variational assimilation method, which assumes that errors follow a non-Gaussian distribution, this paper assimilates the cloud-affected brightness temperature using simulated data for the hyper-spectral atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS). A channel set is formed by dynamically selecting AIRS channels. The experiments for retrieving temperature and humidity data demonstrate that the generalised variational assimilated cloud-affected brightness temperature method performs better than the classical method. 相似文献
285.
Vegetable oil can be used as a base oil in minimal quantity of lubrication(MQL). This study compared the performances of MQL grinding by using castor oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, and palm oil as base oils. A K-P36 numerical-control precision surface grinder was used to perform plain grinding on a workpiece material with a high-temperature nickel base alloy. A YDM–III 99 three-dimensional dynamometer was used to measure grinding force,and a clip-type thermocouple was used to determine grinding temperature. The grinding force, grinding temperature, and energy ratio coefficient of MQL grinding were compared among the seven vegetable oil types. Results revealed that(1) castor oil-based MQL grinding yields the lowest grinding force but exhibits the highest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(2) palm oil-based MQL grinding generates the second lowest grinding force but shows the lowest grinding temperature and energy ratio coefficient;(3) MQL grinding based on the five other vegetable oils produces similar grinding forces, grinding temperatures, and energy ratio coefficients, with values ranging between those of castor oil and palm oil;(4) viscosity significantly influences grinding force and grinding temperature to a greater extent than fatty acid varieties and contents in vegetable oils;(5) although more viscous vegetable oil exhibits greater lubrication and significantly lower grinding force than less viscous vegetable oil, high viscosity reduces the heat exchange capability of vegetable oil and thus yields a high grinding temperature;(6) saturated fatty acid is a more efficient lubricant than unsaturated fatty acid; and(7) a short carbon chain transfers heat more effectively than a long carbon chain. Palm oil is the optimum base oil of MQL grinding, and this base oil yields 26.98 N tangential grinding force,87.10 N normal grinding force, 119.6 °C grinding temperature, and 42.7% energy ratio coefficient. 相似文献
286.
现代飞行员培训普遍采用综合训练系统(TTS),训练模拟器是其中的重要组成部分。如何使训练模拟器能够快速、有效地培训飞行员,且具有一定的可持续发展能力,已成为训练模拟器的发展必需解决的问题。本文通过总结国内外训练模拟器的发展情况及分析高级教练机训练模拟器的特点,提出了高级教练机训练模拟器发展的相关建议和思路。 相似文献
287.
288.
张伟 《民用飞机设计与研究》2016,(2):23
节油是航空公司的长效措施,各航空公司均很重视。从飞行具体环节出发,基于性能研究民机节油策略,给出飞行前重量、重心、APU 使用和滑行等措施分析和建议,并给出起飞、爬升、巡航、下降和进近着陆的经济飞行节油策略分析和建议。通过对飞行具体环节节油策略的研究,提出重视飞行计划优化和执行的思路,案例分析优化效果,对比分析现有飞行计划方法,得出飞机制造商提供包含飞行计划和QAR(Quick Access Recorder)分析系统等的整体IT解决方案,是提升节油效果的一个性价比很高的选择的结论。 相似文献
289.
290.
目前对冲偏出跑道风险的研究多基于事故统计数据,较少从飞行数据及飞行操作特征的角度进行分析。基于飞行数据,对冲偏出跑道事件开展风险分析。将飞行数据分为飞行状态、操作指令、信息3 类,以此研究飞机在起飞滑跑、着陆、着陆滑跑3 个阶段的状况及风险影响指标;通过数据所反映的操作特征,结合标准操作程序,推导出飞机偏离正常数据、与标准操作不相符的操作,得到影响正常飞行的风险因素;基于行为安全2-4 模型,建立冲偏出跑道风险评价指标体系,对实际案例的事故致因机理进行研究,着重分析操作特征及人为因素,并提出冲偏出跑道风险防控措施。结果表明:通过对飞行操作特征及飞行参数的分析,从操作类、数据类以及环境类3 个维度建立风险影响指标体系,可以降低指标因素对冲偏出跑道事件的影响;从人、机、环、管方面提出改进措施,可有效降低冲偏出跑道事件发生的概率。 相似文献