基于高增益观测器的航迹角自适应反步控制

针对飞行控制系统中状态向量不完全可测量的问题,设计了一种高增益神经网络自适应观测器.在常规高增益观测器的基础上引入径向基(RBF, Radial Basis Function)网络自适应项,对建模误差和外界干扰进行在线估计.将高增益观测器与基于动态面的反步控制相结合,提出了一种神经网络自适应反步控制方法.引入一阶滤波器,避免了传统反步控制中的"计算膨胀"问题.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,给出自适应输出反馈控制器和RBF网络权值向量的自适应律,并证明了闭环系统是半全局一致有界.从航迹角控制系统仿真结果可以看出,航迹角能够较好地跟踪指令信号,不受建模误差和外界干扰的影响,所设计的观测器具有良好的收敛性,控制系统具有较高的鲁棒性.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe using X-ray pulsars: Modeling and results

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe is a main challenge due to the lack of dense ground tracking network measurements. In this paper, autonomous navigation of the Mars probe Orbits is investigated using the X-ray pulsars. A group of X-ray pulsars with high ranging accuracy are selected based on their properties and an adaptive extended Kalman filter is developed to incorporate the Mars probe dynamics and pulsar-based ranging measurements. Results of numerical experiment show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy can achieve 750m in X-axis, 220m in Y-axis and 230m in Z-axis, which is much better than the positioning results by current Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) or Doppler observations with the accuracy of 150 km or several kilometers, respectively.     

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

基于接触状态分析的叶冠阻尼评估与改进设计

采用基于接触状态分析的干摩擦阻尼结构设计方法,针对某型带冠涡轮叶片进行了阻尼评估与改进设计.接触状态包括接触形式和接触参数,通过接触形式从结构上判断结构设计的合理性;通过接触参数从力学性能上评价叶冠的阻尼效果.对叶片的动力特性、接触状态和振动响应进行综合评估分析,找出叶冠结构设计不足之处,并指出具体的改进措施,使叶冠的接触状态及振动响应得到一定的改善,并找到叶冠弦宽稳定工作范围.接触状态能够细致反映出叶冠工作状态下真实的接触情况,为叶冠结构设计和阻尼效果判定提供了更准确、详尽的参考依据.     

自然对流对相变材料熔化过程的影响分析

为分析自然对流对相变材料熔化过程的影响,建立了二维瞬态、固/液相统一的控制方程,采用SIMPLE算法对底部加热、顶部冷却的方腔内相变材料熔化过程进行了数值仿真,研究了方腔内温度场和速度场随时间变化规律,结果表明:自然对流使液相区等效导热系数增大;随着固液界面向上移动,液相区自然对流逐渐增强,流动状态不断变化.     

基于鲁棒控制的光纤电流互感器的噪声抑制

光纤电流互感器是一类存在模型参数不确定性的系统,为提高系统测量精度,利用鲁棒控制理论提出了系统的鲁棒H_∞控制器设计方案.分析系统的检测原理并建立数学模型.针对光纤电流互感器系统给出控制器设计指标,使得闭环系统渐近稳定且提高系统噪声抑制能力.理论证明控制器设计方案满足设计指标的要求,并利用线性矩阵不等式的可行解给出了控制器的构造方法.最后通过计算机仿真和实验结果证明了此控制器设计方案的可行性和有效性.     

虚拟远海环境的建模与渲染技术

通过分波幅和分相位的扰动算法,改进了基于线性风浪谱的圆滑波峰现象;结合SNE(Synthetic Natural Environment)的浪级、风级、浪高,以及平均周期等信息,实现了与环境结合的风浪可视化算法;综合心理声学和音乐声学等主观声音学科,提出了风浪波谱参数的修正方案,并实现了实时风浪噪音算法的均衡器特性参数与增益调参;采用基于流动纹理的过程着色方案;并将环境纹理镜像化后合并,然后进行景象的高斯模糊;着色后修饰环境图像噪声,提高了适用于海洋景象模拟的纹素质量;实现了基于SNE综合自然环境信息的实时远海视听一体化系统,验证了视听算法的有效性.     

超燃试验用加热器三维粘性流场数值模拟

超燃冲压发动机试验时,使用燃烧型加热器模拟高焓、高马赫数的来流条件,而加热器的喷注结构对改善加热器出口流场均匀性具有重要作用.使用三维数值模拟软件Fluent对2种喷注结构的燃烧型加热器进行了三维定常反应流场模拟,获得了设计工况下的流场.结果表明,采用多孔斜喷结构能使氢气在横向有较大的穿透深度,加上空气的引射作用在燃烧室头部产生大尺度横向涡,增强了氢气和空气的混合燃烧以及燃气的掺混,使加热器出口温度场不均匀性从53%降为21%,氧气摩尔分数不均匀性从63%降为17%,更有利于开展超燃冲压发动机试验.