整机产品失效机理危害度定量分析方法

针对整机产品失效机理多而复杂、失效数据少、主失效机理分析为定性方法的现状,提出了一种基于Bayes的失效机理危害度定量分析方法.首先利用Dirichlet分布描述产品的先验信息,结合现场失效数据确定失效频率的Bayes后验分布函数,然后通过Slice抽样方法获得失效频率的满条件分布,进而利用Gibbs抽样得到其Bayes估计,从而实现了各失效机理的定量分析.最后在某型光纤连接器失效机理已分析清楚的前提下,分别用FMMEA(Failure Modes,Mechanisms and Effects Analysis)及Bayes方法确定了其主失效机理,结果表明基于Bayes的失效机理危害度定量分析方法考虑了现场未出现的失效机理危害度,其确定的主失效机理比FMMEA结果更具有可信度.     

超磁致伸缩作动器的结构分析

从力学和磁学两方面分析了超磁致伸缩作动器内部结构形式对作动器特性的影响,重点研究了永磁铁式偏置磁场的不同结构形式以及作动器外壳材料对作动器的输出性能及作动器轴向刚度的影响.研究结果表明,环套式永磁铁的结构形式不可避免地在作动器外围产生较大磁场;分段式永磁铁的结构形式,采用钢制外壳时可避免漏磁;但是在芯棒区域的磁场与理想均匀磁场的差异将给作动器的输出位移带来较大损失,对作动器的刚度也会产生不可忽略的影响,二者在设计中必须考虑.在结构分析的同时,基于超磁致伸缩材料的特性提出了磁场与刚度相关联的设计理念,可为超磁致伸缩作动器的结构设计提供参考.     

基于高增益观测器的航迹角自适应反步控制

针对飞行控制系统中状态向量不完全可测量的问题,设计了一种高增益神经网络自适应观测器.在常规高增益观测器的基础上引入径向基(RBF, Radial Basis Function)网络自适应项,对建模误差和外界干扰进行在线估计.将高增益观测器与基于动态面的反步控制相结合,提出了一种神经网络自适应反步控制方法.引入一阶滤波器,避免了传统反步控制中的"计算膨胀"问题.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,给出自适应输出反馈控制器和RBF网络权值向量的自适应律,并证明了闭环系统是半全局一致有界.从航迹角控制系统仿真结果可以看出,航迹角能够较好地跟踪指令信号,不受建模误差和外界干扰的影响,所设计的观测器具有良好的收敛性,控制系统具有较高的鲁棒性.     

Optimization of communication network topology for navigation sharing among distributed satellites

Navigation sharing among distributed satellites is quite important for coordinated motion and collision avoidance. This paper proposes optimization methods of the communication network topology to achieve navigation sharing. The whole communication network constructing by inter-satellite links are considered as a topology graph. The aim of this paper is to find the communication network topology with minimum communication connections’ number (MCCN) in different conditions. It has found that the communication capacity and the number of channels are two key parameters affecting the results. The model of MCCN topology for navigation sharing is established and corresponding method is designed. Two main scenarios, viz., homogeneous case and heterogeneous case, are considered. For the homogeneous case where each member has the same communication capacity, it designs a construction method (Algorithm 1) to find the MCCN topology. For the heterogeneous case, it introduces a modified genetic algorithm (Algorithm 2) to find the MCCN topology. When considering the fact that the number of channels is limited, the Algorithm 2 is further modified by adding a penalized term in the fitness function. The effectiveness of these algorithms is all proved in theoretical. Three examples are further tested to illustrate the methods developed in this paper.     

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe using X-ray pulsars: Modeling and results

Autonomous navigation of Mars probe is a main challenge due to the lack of dense ground tracking network measurements. In this paper, autonomous navigation of the Mars probe Orbits is investigated using the X-ray pulsars. A group of X-ray pulsars with high ranging accuracy are selected based on their properties and an adaptive extended Kalman filter is developed to incorporate the Mars probe dynamics and pulsar-based ranging measurements. Results of numerical experiment show that the three-dimensional positioning accuracy can achieve 750m in X-axis, 220m in Y-axis and 230m in Z-axis, which is much better than the positioning results by current Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) or Doppler observations with the accuracy of 150 km or several kilometers, respectively.     

Powered-descent trajectory optimization scheme for Mars landing

This paper presents a trajectory optimization scheme for powered-descent phase of Mars landing with considerations of disturbance. Firstly, θ–D$\theta ''–''D$ method is applied to design a suboptimal control law with descent model in the absence of disturbance. Secondly, disturbance is estimated by disturbance observer, and the disturbance estimation is as feedforward compensation. Then, semi-global stability analysis of the composite controller consisting of the nonlinear suboptimal controller and the disturbance feedforward compensation is proposed. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of proposed control scheme, an application including relevant simulations on a Mars landing mission is demonstrated.     

飞行员视觉信息流强度模拟及适人性分析

为了合理地确定飞行员在执行飞行任务时的视觉信息流强度,开发了飞机座舱显示界面仿真模型,以被试的正确反应率和反应时间来评价作业绩效.通过实验和数据分析得到以下结果:所建立的视觉信息流模型中视觉信息流强度曲线符合正态分布.不同的视觉信息量完成任务差异显著,信息量增加到一定程度时辨识变慢,出现错误的几率升高;在相同视觉信息量情况下,夜晚与白天、动态与静态执行任务辨识和绩效差异显著,白天要比夜晚、静态要比动态辨识效率和绩效更好.      

基于神经网络的维修保障流程影响度分析方法

针对维修保障能力的主要影响因素分析及其影响度的量化问题,以维修保障业务流程作为分析对象,通过建立业务流程参数与装备使用能力的关系函数,建立影响因素和影响度的分析方法,并给出影响程度、关键要素、关键影响要素以及综合影响度定义.以流程数量、效率和稳定性作为分析指标,利用MATLAB软件基于神经网络实现对关系函数的逼近求解,为装备制造企业提供确定关键流程和主要影响因素的系统实现.以某航空装备制造企业维修保障业务流程为例给出具体应用,与专家评价方法相比该方法可获得更为客观的分析结果.