液体火箭发动机在高空工作期间喷管及其周围流场研究

研究了液体火箭发动机(简称火箭发动机)在不同高度飞行时喷管内及喷管周围的气流流动参数分布与高度的变化关系.研究结果表明火箭发动机当其工作高度低于设计高度很多时,燃气在喷管内流动时将会产生激波;当工作高度接近设计高度时,燃气在喷管内流动时将产生微弱的斜激波;当工作高度超过设计高度时,燃气在喷管外将会产生"羽流","羽流"的面积随着飞行高度的增加而变大;当飞行高度大于设计高度时,应考虑燃气"羽流"对发动机及所携带载荷的影响,所携带载荷应有热及污染的防护措施;此时喷管应采用变面积比的喷管,即高度补偿喷管,此喷管的面积比随着飞行高度的增加而增大.     

On the dynamics of a novel manipulator with slewing and deployable links

Using a novel space platform-based manipulator with slewing and deployable links, the paper addresses two issues of considerable importance: (a) How important is it to model flexibility of the system? (b) How many modes are needed to adequately represent the elastic character? Results suggest that the fundamental mode is able to capture physics of the response quite accurately. Due to its massive character, the platform dynamics is virtually unaffected, even by severe maneuvers of the manipulator. Hence, treating the platform as rigid would save the computational cost without affecting the accuracy. Although the link flexibility does affect the manipulator's tip vibration, the joint and platform vibrations remain negligible. The revolute joint flexibility appears to be an important parameter affecting both the joint as well as tip responses. The information should prove useful in the design of this new class of manipulators.     

最优捷联中制导规律的研究

对中远程战术导弹的捷联复合制导的中制导系统进行了分析和研究。建立了目标－导弹相对运动和弹体及自动驾驶仪的数学模型。基于这一模型，应用最优控制理论，设计了考虑弹体及自动驾驶仪的惯性为三阶控制对象捍的最优制指令。     

某改型导弹折叠舵的设计

详细介绍了××改型导弹折叠舵研究课题的成果。内容包括：主要设计要求、研制程序、方案的拟定、设计、试验及结果分析、结论等部分。通过试制及试验，证明把高强度扭力杆应用于折叠舵的展开机构具有展开能量大、展开时间短、重量轻、体积小、结构简单等优点。该项技术不但使××改型导弹折叠舵课题获得成功，而且可以推广应用到需要折叠与展开的其他飞行器上     

动态推力频域恢复技术

介绍了固体火箭发动机静止试验动态推力的测量方法。首先对试验台架和发动机进行动态校准得到系统的响应函数，然后利用频率响应函数对试验过程中测到的输出力函数进行恢复，以获得真实的输入力函数。实践证明，频域恢复技术是有效的途径之一。     

固体发动机药柱粘结试件的三维应力分析

推进剂／衬层／绝热层矩形粘结试件已作为随发动机测试试件，用于监控药柱最薄弱的推进剂／衬层界面粘结质量。由于试件较厚，又材料具有粘弹特性，因此应对它进行三维粘弹性有限元分析。本文分析了推进剂／衬层界面附近的应力分布情况，并给出试件启裂点有效应力与拉伸平均应力之比的集中系数，供药柱结构完整性分析人员使用     

Production of neutrons from interactions of GCR-like particles

In order to help assess the risk to astronauts due to the long-term exposure to the natural radiation environment in space, an understanding of how the primary radiation field is changed when passing through shielding and tissue materials must be obtained. One important aspect of the change in the primary radiation field after passing through shielding materials is the production of secondary particles from the breakup of the primary. Neutrons are an important component of the secondary particle field due to their relatively high biological weighting factors, and due to their relative abundance, especially behind thick shielding scenarios. Because of the complexity of the problem, the estimation of the risk from exposure to the secondary neutron field must be handled using calculational techniques. However, those calculations will need an extensive set of neutron cross section and thicktarget neutron yield data in order to make an accurate assessment of the risk. In this paper we briefly survey the existing neutron-production data sets that are applicable to the space radiation transport problem, and we point out how neutron production from protons is different than neutron production from heavy ions. We also make comparisons of one the heavy-ion data sets with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations.     

近期商用单级入轨飞行器的可行性

讨论了单级入轨火箭推进飞行器,尤其是使用航天飞机外置贮箱和六个航天飞机主发动机的一次性使用飞行器的可靠性和发射费用。减小发动机质量将是方案改进的主要方面。如果低成本、小质量的主发动机研制成功,那么一次性使用 SSTO(单级入轨)飞行器将拥有商用发射前景,而且有利于可重复使用 SSTO 飞行器的研制。     

强化实践教学与管理 提高实践质量与效果

本文以《模拟电路》及相关实验为例，分析了实践性教学的现状，找出了实践性教学中存在的问题。最后针对所存在的问题，提出了几点改进措施，以期达到提高实践质量与效果的目的。     

乌克兰的航天工业

乌克兰在运载火箭总体和控制系统方面的研制经验是比较丰富的。乌克兰虽已制定了自己的航天工业发展计划,但近几年内还形不成较完整的体系,需要依靠与俄罗斯的合作。简要介绍“天顶号”和“旋风号”运载火箭的研制情况。