加拿大"旋风"海上直升机首飞

西科斯基公司2008年11月15日在佛罗里达飞行研究中心为加拿大武装部队进行了CH-148"旋风"多用途直升机首飞.西科斯基公司表示,首飞由两名公司试飞员进行,首次飞行包括悬停和低速驾驶试验,它包括侧向、后向机动飞行和前飞速度达55 km/h状态.……     

Periodic Error Compensation for Quartz MEMS Gyroscope Drift of INS

In order to improve the navigation accuracy of an inertial navigation system （INS）, composed of quartz gyroscopes, the existing real-time compensation methods for periodic errors in quartz gyroscope drift and the periodic error term relationship between sampled original data and smoothed data are reviewed. On the base of the results, a new compensation method called using former period characteristics to compensate latter smoothness data （UFCL for short） method is proposed considering the INS working characteristics. This new method uses the original data without smoothing to work out an error conversion formula at the INS initial alignment time and then compensate the smoothed data errors by way of the formula at the navigation time. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate that this method is able to cut down on computational time and raise the accuracy which makes it a better real-time compensation approach for periodic error terms of quartz micro electronic mechanical system （MEMS） gyroscope＇s zero drift.     

柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器气动特性研究

提出了一种将柔性翼和刚性翼相结合的柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器新概念布局型式，通过与刚性翼微型飞行器的风洞对比试验研究了该新概念布局的气动特性。在此基础上，进行了柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器试验原理样机的飞行试验验证。风洞试验和飞行试验研究结果表明：柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器的新概念布局是可行的；与刚性翼微型飞行器相比而言，柔性-刚性混合翼微型飞行器具有更好的气动特性，对解决微型飞行器抗风稳定飞行问题是有效的。     

Intelligent NURBS Interpolator Based on the Adaptive Feedrate Control

首先分析了NURBS曲线的特点和NURBS曲线插补的参数值的求取方法;其次,在可控弓高误差算法的基础上,提出了一种简单而实用的NURBS曲线的自适应插补算法,该算法充分考虑到了机床的实际加工能力,对曲线段进行提前预插补,提前预插补减速所需的最大插补周期数,实现了进给速度提前减速,能使加工进给速度自适应地随着曲率半径和曲率半径的变化率的变化而变化,使得加工运动更平滑;并且该方法还避免了因加工曲线终点的判断而带来的复杂计算;最后给出了快速求取插补点的三次NURBS曲线动态矩阵表示和曲线曲率的快速计算方法。     

基于虚拟设计的民机驾驶舱工效布局评价

提出了一种基于虚拟设计的民机驾驶舱工效布局评价方法,并对某型民机驾驶舱进行了工效布局评价.将某型民机驾驶舱CATIA模型导入工效分析软件JACK并进行优化,创建了5%、50%和95%我国飞行员人体模型,进行了座椅、仪表板、遮光罩、方向舵踏板、操纵杆(盘)、中央控制台、顶部仪表板的布局评价.发现了布局设计中若干不符合工效特性的地方,并提出了改进建议.该方法可预先在虚拟设计中进行布局评价,节约了设计费用,提高了设计效率.     

Specific grinding energy and surface roughness of nanoparticle jet minimum quantity lubrication in grinding

Nanoparticles with the anti-wear and friction reducing features were applied as cooling lubricant in the grinding fluid. Dry grinding, flood grinding, minimal quantity of lubrication（MQL）, and nanoparticle jet MQL were used in the grinding experiments. The specific grinding energy of dry grinding, flood grinding and MQL were 84, 29.8, 45.5 J/mm³, respectively. The specific grinding energy significantly decreased to 32.7 J/mm³ in nanoparticle MQL. Compared with dry grinding, the surface roughness values of flood grinding, MQL, and nanoparticle jet MQL were significantly reduced with the surface topography profile values reduced by 11%, 2.5%, and 10%,respectively, and the ten point height of microcosmic unflatness values reduced by 1.5%, 0.5%,and 1.3%, respectively. These results verified the satisfactory lubrication effects of nanoparticle MQL. MoS₂, carbon nanotube（CNT）, and ZrO₂ nanoparticles were also added in the grinding fluid of nanoparticle jet MQL to analyze their grinding surface lubrication effects. The specific grinding energy of MoS₂ nanoparticle was only 32.7 J/mm³, which was 8.22% and 10.39% lower than those of the other two nanoparticles. Moreover, the surface roughness of workpiece was also smaller with MoS₂ nanoparticle, which indicated its remarkable lubrication effects. Furthermore,the role of MoS₂ particles in the grinding surface lubrication at different nanoparticle volume concentrations was analyzed. MoS₂ volume concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% were used.Experimental results revealed that the specific grinding energy and the workpiece surface roughness initially increased and then decreased as MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration increased.Satisfactory grinding surface lubrication effects were obtained with 2% MoS₂ nanoparticle volume concentration.     

水热-凝胶法ZrO2 气凝胶的制备与表征

以硝酸氧锆为锆源,尿素为凝胶促进剂,通过水热凝胶法结合超临界乙醇干燥,可成功制备出具
有良好纳米三维网络结构的ZrO2 气凝胶。采用透射电镜(TEM)、比表面积及孔隙度分析仪(BET),X 射线衍
射仪等测试手段对其结构进行了表征与测试。结果表明,ZrO2 气凝胶主要由无定型和四方晶相组成,其比表
面积为445 m2 / g,孔径主要分布在5 ~7 nm 和30 ~40 nm 两处。     

柔性扑翼气动结构耦合特性数值研究

微型扑翼体积小、重量轻,其柔性变形对气动特性有显著的影响。通过求解雷诺平均N-S方程(ReynoldsAveraged Navier-Stokes,RANS)和结构动力学方程,对微型柔性扑翼飞行器的气动结构耦合特性进行了数值模拟研究。针对微型扑翼的大幅运动,发展了适用于扑翼的气动结构耦合数值计算方法,研究了微型扑翼的气动结构耦合特性。通过求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程得到微型扑翼的非定常气动特性;利用哈密顿原理(Hamilton Principle)推导了扑翼的结构动力学方程,采用结构有限元方法对该动力学方程进行离散并求解,得到扑翼的动态结构特性;采用松耦合方法进行迭代。计算结果与风洞实验结果相比吻合良好,验证了所发展方法的有效性。在此基础上研究了惯性力和关键运动参数对柔性扑翼气动及结构特性的影响规律,有助于比较详细、全面地了解微型扑翼的气动机理,为柔性扑翼的设计提供了参考依据。     

An equivalent ground thermal test method for single-phase fluid loop space radiator

Thermal vacuum test is widely used for the ground validation of spacecraft thermal control system. However, the conduction and convection can be simulated in normal ground pressure environment completely. By the employment of pumped fluid loops’ thermal control technology on spacecraft, conduction and convection become the main heat transfer behavior between radiator and inside cabin. As long as the heat transfer behavior between radiator and outer space can be equivalently simulated in normal pressure, the thermal vacuum test can be substituted by the normal ground pressure thermal test. In this paper, an equivalent normal pressure thermal test method for the spacecraft single-phase fluid loop radiator is proposed. The heat radiation between radiator and outer space has been equivalently simulated by combination of a group of refrigerators and thermal electrical cooler(TEC) array. By adjusting the heat rejection of each device, the relationship between heat flux and surface temperature of the radiator can be maintained. To verify this method,a validating system has been built up and the experiments have been carried out. The results indicate that the proposed equivalent ground thermal test method can simulate the heat rejection performance of radiator correctly and the temperature error between in-orbit theory value and experiment result of the radiator is less than 0.5 C, except for the equipment startup period. This provides a potential method for the thermal test of space systems especially for extra-large spacecraft which employs single-phase fluid loop radiator as thermal control approach.     

民用飞机试飞阶段人为因素适航审定技术研究

随着飞机各系统可靠性的不断提高,人为失误逐渐成为系统失效或造成飞行事故的主要因素,已成为设计及适航审定部门关注的重难点问题.当前国内外对于如何验证人为因素是否满足相关适航条款的要求仍处于理论探索阶段.针对上述问题,基于CCAR-25部条款分析试飞阶段民用飞机人为因素适航审定过程,包括基于SHELL模型及T.E.S.T矩阵的人为因素审定条款筛选,基于MOC5&MOC6的试验机符合性验证方法,并基于模糊评判方法给出数据分析实例.本文提出的人为因素适航审定思路及验证方法具有一定创新性,已在试飞阶段ARJ21-700飞机上初步应用,可为后续C919等民用飞机人为因素设计和适航审定提供技术支持和方法保证.