基于Gabor滤波器的图像目标识别方法

为了给机器人视觉导航提供有效信息,提出一种基于图像匹配的目标识别方法.对CCD采集的目标图像,由 Gabor 变换生成的二维Gabor 滤波器有着优良的滤波器性能,不需要对图像进行分割,能适应一定的旋转、尺度、光照的变化,通过多个频率和角度的Gabor算子与图像的卷积,获取图像全局信息的特征描述.分类方法采用统计学习理论基础上发展起来的一种新的机器学习方法——支持向量机(SVM, Support Vector Machines),它可解决模型选择、过学习、维数灾难等问题.通过支持向量机进行多维特征向量的分类.该方法可达到较高的识别率,达到实时处理的要求,可以在人脸识别、机器人视觉定位等领域得到应用.      

地球同步轨道长寿命卫星热控涂层太阳吸收率性能退化研究

文章介绍了15年地球同步轨道环境对卫星表面太阳吸收率性能影响的试验模拟研究,研究结果为长寿命卫星热设计及热控涂层选择和研制提供可靠依据;介绍自行研制的空间低能综合环境试验设备、太阳吸收率原位测试系统和空间低能综合环境模拟试验方法,并对航天器常用的S781白漆、SR107ZK白漆、F46镀银和OSR二次表面镜热控材料进行空间低能综合环境模拟试验,获得了这些热控涂层在地球同步轨道15年期间太阳吸收率性能退化模拟数据,与已有的飞行试验数据进行对比研究,取得满意的结果。     

RBF网络在结构抗疲劳优化中的应用

针对某飞机机翼I型大梁的开孔加强方案,建立优化的数学模型,利用RBF神经网络模型来逼近设计结构的应力/参数非线性关系,代替原来的经验和拟合公式;采用遗传算法对机翼的加强结构进行优化设计,得到比较合理的结果。     

天线选择性幅值扰动形成阵列零陷的技术

首先提出了一种在阵元关于阵列中心对称的线阵中利用幅值扰动形成零陷的新方法,该方法克服了传统幅值扰动方法零陷深度不足、旁瓣水平高的缺陷,且能够在多个强干扰源方向或在较宽的范围形成深度零陷而不影响主瓣。为了减少每次需要控制的阵元数,提高系统鲁棒性,在此基础上进一步提出了利用天线选择性幅值扰动形成零陷的方法。仿真结果表明,其性能可与基于全部天线进行幅值扰动的算法相比,甚至可与复权值控制方法的性能相比。     

基于Wash-out滤波器技术的机翼颤振控制

研究应用wash-out滤波器技术对具有立方非线性俯仰刚度的二元机翼颤振的控制。首先,确定需要引入Hopf分岔的点,并在该点将原系统方程Jordan化;其次,对于引入的wash-out滤波控制器,先按Hopf分岔条件确定线性控制增益,再用规范型直接法得到受控系统的规范型,由分岔类型与规范型系数的关系确定非线性控制增益,从而将原系统的亚临界Hopf分岔变为超临界Hopf分岔;最后通过数值模拟验证了控制的有效性,并发现受控系统的颤振幅值（极限环大小）大大降低。     

Obstacle avoidance handling and mixed integer predictive control for space robots

This paper presents a novel obstacle avoidance constraint and a mixed integer predictive control (MIPC) method for space robots avoiding obstacles and satisfying physical limits during performing tasks. Firstly, a novel kind of obstacle avoidance constraint of space robots, which needs the assumption that the manipulator links and the obstacles can be represented by convex bodies, is proposed by limiting the relative velocity between two closest points which are on the manipulator and the obstacle, respectively. Furthermore, the logical variables are introduced into the obstacle avoidance constraint, which have realized the constraint form is automatically changed to satisfy different obstacle avoidance requirements in different distance intervals between the space robot and the obstacle. Afterwards, the obstacle avoidance constraint and other system physical limits, such as joint angle ranges, the amplitude boundaries of joint velocities and joint torques, are described as inequality constraints of a quadratic programming (QP) problem by using the model predictive control (MPC) method. To guarantee the feasibility of the obtained multi-constraint QP problem, the constraints are treated as soft constraints and assigned levels of priority based on the propositional logic theory, which can realize that the constraints with lower priorities are always firstly violated to recover the feasibility of the QP problem. Since the logical variables have been introduced, the optimization problem including obstacle avoidance and system physical limits as prioritized inequality constraints is termed as MIPC method of space robots, and its computational complexity as well as possible strategies for reducing calculation amount are analyzed. Simulations of the space robot unfolding its manipulator and tracking the end-effector’s desired trajectories with the existence of obstacles and physical limits are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed obstacle avoidance strategy and MIPC control method of space robots.     

Hierarchical global search for fuel-optimal impulsive transfers between lunar libration orbits

The attention to the periodic orbit in the Earth-Moon restricted three-body system continues to grow due to its special environment and locations. This research investigates the feasibility of constructing fuel-optimal single and multiple impulse transfers between unstable periodic orbits at L₁ and L₂ points. Invariant manifolds, which could provide the appropriate initial trajectories for optimization, are analyzed deeply to enable previously unknown orbit options and potentially to reduce mission cost. A global search strategy based on comparing the orbital state of the unstable and stable manifolds, incorporated with low-thrust techniques, is performed to seek a suitable matching point for maneuver application. Then the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is adopted to further optimize the velocity increment and obtain the single/multiple impulse optimal transfers. The associated constraint gradients are derived to achieve higher accuracy and rapidity of the algorithm. To highlight the effectivity of the transfer scheme, three-dimensional low-energy transfers between different types and spatial regions of performing single and multiple impulses are explored. The total Delta-V required varies between a few meters per second and tens of meters per second, and the related flight time is about several weeks, mainly depending on the energy of periodic orbits and the invariant manifold structure. The results obtained in this paper can provide a useful reference for the selection of escape and capture site along the manifolds, maneuver magnitude and transfer time.     

低轨星座短报文通信中的扩频信号二维快捕优化与实现

极弱信号、大多普勒动态变化条件下的接收机抗干扰、快速捕获同步技术是低轨卫星短报文数据通信的研究难点.本文首先分析了多普勒特性对低轨卫星扩频信号快捕的影响,讨论了现有各种捕获策略的优缺点.在此基础上提出双倍采样、补零的部分匹配滤波与快速傅里叶变换相结合的二维并行快速捕获优化设计方案,并进行了性能仿真分析,最后结合面向判决的同步技术,给出接收机原理样机捕获时间的实现结果.在给定前导码条件下,优化后的二维并行捕获平均时间为10 ms,远低于常规扩频码并行捕获的秒量级捕获时间,可以较好地满足低轨卫星星座全球短报文数据突发通信及随遇接入需求.     

大型民用客机管制与监视系统验证及测试平台的构建

研发大型民用客机航路管制与监视系统验证及测试平台,从而实现机地数据通信系统环境下的航路管制与监视信息的数据地面接收和处理;同时,依照现有的空管航路管制与监视功能的国际标准和相关区域的运行要求,实现地面管制系统向机载系统的数据发布。该项研究成果能对口飞机机载数据链相关的ATC(Air Traffic Control,空中交通管制)功能和部分监视功能ADS-C(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract,合同式自动相关监视)、ADS-B(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast,广播式自动相关监视),提供对应的地面收发端,监控机载系统数据状态。     

温度对弹体应变测量影响及补偿方法研究

在恒压源或恒流源供电的情况时,被测物理量与周围环境温度同时作用下,研究桥式电路起始不平衡与输出信号之间的关系。得到了能够解释在外部物理作用下有效输出电压对温度依赖关系的解析表达式。