旋转叶盘的非接触激光多普勒定点跟踪测试与振动分析

提出了一种旋转叶盘的非接触激光定点跟踪测振方法,以研究叶盘结构在旋转状态下的振动特性。通过控制扫描系统中x、y振镜的偏转实现对叶盘上任意定点的跟踪测试,同时搭建了旋转跟踪试验测试系统,以16叶片旋转叶盘的同步跟踪测试为例,对激光跟踪测试方法进行验证。通过对旋转叶盘定点跟踪测试得到的时域振动信号进行滤波处理和频谱分析,获得了旋转状态下叶盘的叶片前3阶固有频率对应的不同节径的模态族频率。结果显示:激光对旋转叶盘上一点的跟踪测试数据中,可以提取出整个叶盘的振动频率特性。对比不同转速下旋转叶盘的有限元仿真计算与跟踪测试结果,两者振型具有很好的一致性,且频差在5%以内,验证了该激光跟踪测量方法的可行性和有效性。为航空发动机等旋转机械运行状态下的振动测试提供了一种有效的技术手段。      

再入飞行器标称攻角优化设计

再入飞行器的标称攻角在弹道规划以及飞行器覆盖能力分析中起到重要作用,由于再入飞行中气动加热严重,过载和动压约束严格,给标称攻角的设计带来很大困难.针对弹道射面内最大纵程和最小总热载荷问题,在考虑热流、动压和过载约束下分别进行标称飞行攻角的优化设计.首先将过程约束转化为对控制量攻角的约束,将需要优化的标称攻角通过分段线性函数参数化,把最优控制问题转化为4个参数的寻优问题,然后利用遗传算法获得参数的初始猜想,并设计序列二次规划(SQP,Sequential Quadratic Programming)算法求解.仿真结果显示该方法能够快速获取再入标称飞行攻角,为再入轨迹优化和制导总体设计提供参考.     

Transitional Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Rectangular Duct with Stagger-arrayed Short Pin Fins

This article describes an experimental study on friction and heat transfer performances of a transitional airflow in a rectangular channel with stagger-arrayed short pin fins. Friction factors, average Nusselt numbers and overall thermal performances of the transitional flow are obtained. The experimental study has showed that the pin fins enhance the heat transfer performance significantly, however increasing the flow frictional resistance considerably. After comparing the experimental results with the published data in references, it can be concluded that, in the transitional flow region, the pin fin channels of the proposed geometrical configuration could lead to a significant improvement of an overall thermal performance; for instance, the convective heat transfer performance is increased by at least 68%. By contrast, in the fully turbulent flow region, the ability of the proposed pin fin channels to increase heat transfer performances decreases as the Reynolds number increases. When Re > 6 000, the overall thermal performance becomes lower than the others.     

Identification of crystal orientation for turbine blades with anisotropy materials

A novel approach to identify the crystal orientation of turbine blades with anisotropy materials is proposed. Based on enhanced mode basis, with the main advantages of its efficiency, accuracy and general applicability, the blade vibration mode of each order is linearly constructed by several specified mode shapes, which are obtained from the considered turbine blade with specified crystal orientations correspondingly. Then, a surrogate model based on Kriging method is introduced for constructing the condensed perturbed matrix of stiffness in order to improve the efficiency even further. The constructed surrogate model allows to perform the modal analysis of turbine blades with arbitrary crystal orientations in higher efficiency, due to the fact that the elements of condensed perturbed matrix of stiffness are considered in construction of the surrogate model rather than concerning the perturbation of all the elements of the initial stiffness matrix for the blade. Genetic algorithm is finally employed to optimize the defined fitness functions in order to identify the crystal orientation angles of turbine blades. Several corresponding examples demonstrated the accuracy, efficiency and general applicability of the proposed method.     

空间等离子体引起的高电压太阳阵之弧光放电

简单介绍了空间等离子体引起的高电压太阳阵（ＨＶＳＡ）之弧光放电的研究现状。利用已有的一些实验数据及Ｈａｓｔｉｎｇｓ的扩展理论进行了应用ＨＶＳＡ计算，得出了飞弧概率随工作电压增加而增大，随空间环境等离子体流增高而增大的合理结果。