变速恒频电源系统的交-交矩阵变换器闭环控制

功率电子变换器作为飞机变速恒频(Variable speed constant frequency,VSCF)电源系统的重要组成部分,始终是人们的研究热点之一。本文分析了用于飞机变速恒频电源系统的新型交-交矩阵变换器的工作原理和特点,提出了基于空间矢量调制技术的矩阵变换器输出电压闭环控制方式,从而实现了变速恒频电源系统中功率变换器输出电压的局部调节功能,有效弥补了发电机调压器时间常数大、动态调节能力差等缺陷。仿真和原理样机实验结果表明,本文的理论分析和控制方案是正确可行的。     

固体火箭发动机点火药颗粒点火过程流固耦合特性研究

为了研究点火药颗粒点火瞬态过程中流动与燃烧特性及点火喷流冲击对自由装填药柱结构的影响,以N-S方程、k-ε湍流模型为基础,采用颗粒轨道模型建立点火药颗粒点火模型,结合流固耦合方法分析点火喷流冲击对自由装填药柱结构的影响.通过与相关试验结果对比证明计算模型可靠,然后对固体火箭发动机点火药颗粒点火过程进行仿真计算,计算结果...     

Physical Body Impact After High Altitude Bail-out

In most of the emergency circumstances,the aircrew leaves the aircraft under unsatisfied conditions,such as too high relative velocity to the ambient air or low partial oxygen pressure.The aircrew must pass through this area as quickly as possible before opening the parachute safely,viz.,free-fall.Numerical simulations are conducted in this paper to explore the major characteris-tics of the aircrew free-fall process by using a commercial computational fluid dynamic(CFD) software,FLUENT.Coupled with the classical pressure-altitude and temperature-altitude relations,Navier-Stokes(N-S) equations for compressible flow are solved by using finite volume method.The body velocity and the attitude are predicted with six-degree of freedom(6DOF) module.The evolution of velocities,including horizontal,vertical components and angular velocity,is obtained.It is also analyzed further according to the particle kinetic theories.It is validated that the theories can predict the process qualitatively well with a modi-fied drag effect,which mainly stems from the velocity pressure.An empirical modification factor is proposed according to the fitting results.     

一种用于高分辨扇扫成像的MIMO阵列

为了提高扇扫成像系统的方位分辨率,设计了一种具有高方位分辨率的多输入多输出(MIMO)阵列。首先,建立了同时适用于窄带和宽带信号的MIMO阵列与虚拟阵列之间的等效模型。在分析匹配滤波输出成分的基础上,证明了当发射信号具有良好相关特性时,MIMO阵列的匹配滤波输出可等效为单输入多输出(SIMO)阵列上经过脉冲压缩后的回波。接着,根据这一等效关系,获得了与MIMO阵列等效的虚拟阵列中虚拟发射阵元与虚拟接收阵元坐标解析解。最后,在约束阵列物理尺寸为固定值的前提下,利用该解析解设计出一种由2个发射阵元和一条接收均匀线阵列(ULA)组成的MIMO阵列。理论推导和仿真结果表明:所设计的MIMO阵列可以在恒定的物理尺寸和虚拟阵列为均匀直线阵的前提下,获得优于其他MIMO阵列和SIMO阵列的方位分辨率。     

气/液界面上Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性的实验研究

报道了在国内首次实现的矩形激波管内气/液界面上(即Atwood number,A1)的Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性现象.实验在一台垂直矩形激波管中进行,得到了较低马赫数(M=1.36和1.58)下,多元扰动R-M不稳定性后期阶段气泡和尖钉高度对时间的增长规律,即气泡高度hb~t0.55±0.01,尖钉高度hs~t.当激波马赫数从1.36增加到1.58时,气泡和尖钉高度对时间的指数规律没有发生明显改变,气泡的增长速度没有受到影响,而尖钉增长速度却有大幅度的增加.同时还观察研究了多元扰动R-M不稳定性中典型的气泡竞争现象.     

Self-ignition characteristics of the high-speed ramjet kinetic energy projectile in the launch process

To research the self-ignition characteristics of high-speed ramjet kinetic energy projectile in the launch process, the self-ignition process based on the solid fuel of polyethylene was numerically simulated by using the dynamic grid technology. The effect of different muzzle velocity on the self-ignition performance, and the effect of opening the blockage at different times on the flow field stability of the combustion chamber and the flow field characteristics after the solid fuel ramjet stabilized were analyzed. The results show that the occurrence of self-ignition is not only related to the pressure, temperature in the combustion chamber, and the muzzle velocity, but also to the content of C_2H_4 and its degree of mixing with air in the combustion chamber. After the kinetic energy projectile gets out of the muzzle and before the blockage opens, there is oscillation occurring in the combustion chamber. The higher the muzzle velocity of the kinetic energy projectile, the more prone to the occurrence of the self-ignition and the negative effects can be avoided due to the pressure oscillation in the combustion chamber. The effect of opening the blockage at different times on the flow field stability after the self-ignition occurs in a period of time is weak. After the blockage opens, the solid fuel ramjet can reach a stable working condition quickly.     

磁控溅射DLC/SiC/Ti多层膜对镁合金摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用室温磁控溅射技术在镁合金(AZ91D)表面制备DLC/SiC/Ti(类金刚石/碳化硅/钛)多层膜(SiC,Ti为中间层),研究了薄膜的纳米压痕行为和膜基系统的摩擦磨损性能.试验结果表明:DLC薄膜具有低的纳米硬度(4.01GPa)和低的弹性模量(40.53GPa),但具有高的硬弹比(0.10);膜基系统具有好的摩擦磨损性能;在以氮化硅球为对磨件的室温干摩擦条件下摩擦系数平均约为0.19,与镁合金相比,磨损速率低了约三个数量级,膜基系统经3.5h磨损后,未出现裂纹和剥落,显著改善了镁合金的抗磨损性能.     

磨削加工中声发射监测技术研究进展

从磨削加工声发射监测原理、特征提取与选择、监测模型和监测系统开发4个方面系统地阐述了磨削加工声发射监测技术的研究现状。首先针对磨削中声发射信号源及特性进行综述,重点阐述不同磨削状态下声发射监测的原理;随后对比了磨削加工声发射监测中常见的特征提取与选择方法和监测模型,比较各方法的优缺点,概括了现有监测系统的开发情况;最后对以上几方面研究的发展趋势进行了展望。     

预冷发动机进气道节流特性数值研究

为了研究预冷发动机进气道预冷前后的节流特性,以二维轴对称进气道为对象,使用多孔介质耦合源项法进行数值仿真研究,在不同涡轮通道流量系数的工况下对比了预冷效果和进气道预冷前后的气动性能。研究表明:随着涡轮通道流量系数增加,亚声速扩压段锥面压力降低,虚拟预冷区下游低速区面积缩小,而两通道出口总压恢复系数均呈下降趋势,同时涡轮通道流量系数较高的工况冷却效果更好;冲压通道出口总温受预冷区影响而下降,高速工况下降幅度较大,但下降幅度不受涡轮通道出口流量系数影响;相同涡轮通道流量系数的高速工况,经过预冷后涡轮通道流通能力增强。      

基于多小波基多信源融合异常值剔除方法研究

提出了一种基于多小波基多信源融合和偏度分析相结合的异常值剔除方法。基于多个小波基的数据融合算法,先对各信源的数据进行多个不同小波基的多尺度分解,对相同小波基分解的信号在多尺度上加权融合,之后进行不同小波基的逆变换得到重构信号,将重构信号融合出的结果作为目标状态估值,对各信源的异常值进行检测,将偏度分析与检测门限相结合,实现了对异常值的剔除。实验结果表明,该方法准确、高效地实现了对各信源异常值的检测与剔除,提高了数据处理的精度,且易于工程实现。