用于微小型GNC系统的电气单元集成一体化及信息快速处理技术

微小型导航、制导与控制（MGNC）集成一体化电气单元需要采集和处理的数据量较多,且算法复杂,本文采用流水线与高速串行总线技术,实现了集成一体化电气单元电路的多路、实时、同步采样。并对GNC软件中组合导航算法的Kalman滤波器进行了降维处理,车载导航试验表明该设计方法可有效提高组合导航软件的实时性与智能性,为最终提高GNC软件运行速度和效率创造了条件。     

旋转射流对含硼固体火箭冲压发动机二次燃烧的影响

为提高固体火箭冲压发动机二次燃烧效率,将旋转射流技术引入固体火箭冲压发动机设计,采用Re-alizable k-ε湍流模型、单步涡团耗散燃烧模型以及KING硼粒子点火和燃烧模型,利用Fluent软件开展了旋转进气和一次燃气旋转含硼固体火箭冲压发动机补燃室三维反应流场流数值分析。研究结果表明,当空气射流切向进入补燃室时,气流产生的旋转均使燃料与空气的混合更充分,燃烧效率更高。当气流切入角度增大时,补燃效率先升后降,对于具体发动机结构,存在一个使燃烧效率最大的切入角,针对研究的模型发动机结构,此值在20°附近;当一次燃气旋流数的增加,二次燃烧效率呈逐渐增高的趋势。     

冲压发动机气膜冷却分析模型

本文建立了冲压发动机燃烧室气膜冷却传热分析程序。根据燃烧室设计的技术要求,从冷却性能角度完成气膜冷却系统的气动性能和传热特性分析,提供冷却结构优化所需的信息。     

进气系统对无阀脉冲爆震发动机性能影响试验研究

模拟亚声速自由来流,以汽油和空气为推进剂,对吸气式PDE模型机进行了地面多循环爆震试验,研究了6种进气系统下PDE模型机的多循环爆震性能和推进性能。试验结果显示,不论采用何种进气系统,均能以低于50mJ的点火能量实现模型机的多循环单级起爆,且PDE平均推力均随着工作频率的增加而增加;来流喷口和进气道进口面积较小时增加速率较快。随着环缝堵塞比的增加,PDE的平均推力有所降低。     

一种联合估计的有源校正高精度测向算法

针对存在系统误差的阵列模型,提出了一种有源标校下的联合估计测向算法。该算法把误差矩阵估计转化为误差系数估计,并采用到达角精确已知的源信号进行标校,在此基础上使用最小二乘法联合估计幅相不一致误差系数和互耦误差系数,最后使用结合误差矩阵的MUSIC算法测量信号的到达角。仿真表明,该算法仅需要3个标校源,其精度相比于无阵列误差情况下降0.05°,具有较好的工程可实现性。     

光纤陀螺探测器微弱信号I/V转换电路设计和实现

本文针对光纤陀螺光电信号检测,输出电流信号微弱、噪声大的特点,研究并设计了采用高精度开关积分器的模拟选通积分I/V转换电路.试验结果表明,在同等条件下与光电探测器组件相比,该方法有效降低了随机游走系数.     

高负荷压气机叶栅分离结构及其等离子体流动控制

 为揭示高负荷压气机叶栅内部流动损失的产生机理和分布规律以及等离子体气动激励的作用机制,利用拓扑分析和数值计算方法,从计算模型的建立与验证、基准流场的分离结构和等离子体流动控制3个方面展开研究;对总压损失系数分布、拓扑结构和表面流谱与空间流线分布以及旋涡结构进行分析,并开展了激励方式的优化分析.结果表明:随着攻角的增大,固壁面拓扑结构增加了3对奇点,吸力面流向激励改变了固壁面拓扑结构.当攻角为2°时,在吸力面拓扑结构中产生了一对奇点,打断了角区分离线,并引入了一条回流再附线.叶栅流道内部有5个主要涡系,尾缘径向对涡促进流体的展向流动,并成为吸力面倒流的主要组成部分;角涡是一个独立的涡系,其强度和尺度不受等离子体气动激励的影响.吸力面流向激励可以改善叶中流场,但对角区流动作用很小;端壁横向激励可以降低角区流动损失,对叶中流场作用有限;吸力面流向与端壁横向组合激励在整个叶高范围内均可以显著抑制流动分离;端壁横向流动对角区流动分离结构的影响大于吸力面附面层的分离.吸力面流向激励的优化明显降低,而端壁横向激励和组合激励的优化保持并增强了等离子体流动的控制效果.     

Y-8飞机平尾积冰导致的飞行事故分析

平尾积冰对飞行安全影响重大.通过介绍连续两起平尾积冰导致的Y-8飞机飞行事故,分析了飞机结冰的气象条件,平尾积冰和放襟翼对平尾气动特性的影响,以及平尾积冰失速的改出方法和预防措施.     

The Magnetic Field of Mercury

The magnetic field strength of Mercury at the planet’s surface is approximately 1% that of Earth’s surface field. This comparatively low field strength presents a number of challenges, both theoretically to understand how it is generated and observationally to distinguish the internal field from that due to the solar wind interaction. Conversely, the small field also means that Mercury offers an important opportunity to advance our understanding both of planetary magnetic field generation and magnetosphere-solar wind interactions. The observations from the Mariner 10 magnetometer in 1974 and 1975, and the MESSENGER Magnetometer and plasma instruments during the probe’s first two flybys of Mercury on 14 January and 6 October 2008, provide the basis for our current knowledge of the internal field. The external field arising from the interaction of the magnetosphere with the solar wind is more prominent near Mercury than for any other magnetized planet in the Solar System, and particular attention is therefore paid to indications in the observations of deficiencies in our understanding of the external field. The second MESSENGER flyby occurred over the opposite hemisphere from the other flybys, and these newest data constrain the tilt of the planetary moment from the planet’s spin axis to be less than 5°. Considered as a dipole field, the moment is in the range 240 to 270 nT-R _M ³ , where R _M is Mercury’s radius. Multipole solutions for the planetary field yield a smaller dipole term, 180 to 220 nT-R _M ³ , and higher-order terms that together yield an equatorial surface field from 250 to 290 nT. From the spatial distribution of the fit residuals, the equatorial data are seen to reflect a weaker northward field and a strongly radial field, neither of which can be explained by a centered-dipole matched to the field measured near the pole by Mariner 10. This disparity is a major factor controlling the higher-order terms in the multipole solutions. The residuals are not largest close to the planet, and when considered in magnetospheric coordinates the residuals indicate the presence of a cross-tail current extending to within 0.5R _M altitude on the nightside. A near-tail current with a density of 0.1 μA/m² could account for the low field intensities recorded near the equator. In addition, the MESSENGER flybys include the first plasma observations from Mercury and demonstrate that solar wind plasma is present at low altitudes, below 500 km. Although we can be confident in the dipole-only moment estimates, the data in hand remain subject to ambiguities for distinguishing internal from external contributions. The anticipated observations from orbit at Mercury, first from MESSENGER beginning in March 2011 and later from the dual-spacecraft BepiColombo mission, will be essential to elucidate the higher-order structure in the magnetic field of Mercury that will reveal the telltale signatures of the physics responsible for its generation.     

新型超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铝合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为

采用热力模拟试验方法进行热压缩变形试验,研究了一种新型Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金在变形温度为300～450℃,应变速率为0.001～1s-1,压缩变形程度为50%条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明,变形温度和应变速率对合金流变应力的大小影响显著,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随应变速率的提高而增大.采用统计回归方法建立了...