具有轨道倾角和最大高度约束的耗尽关机闭路制导

快速响应空间固体运载火箭轨道转移级以最大限度利用能量而非消耗能量为目的进行耗尽关机制导,基于椭圆轨道理论和牛顿迭代法,提出了一种适用于具有轨道、制导多种约束的耗尽关机闭路制导方法,通过实时寻找需要推力方向,充分利用轨道转移级能量,导引上面级进入具有给定轨道倾角和最大高度约束的转移轨道,同时实现耗尽关机.理论推导和数学仿真表明,本文提出的制导方法能在耗尽关机条件下实现对转移轨道的高精度控制.     

玉树地震前的电离层异常现象分析

分析了玉树地震前地基电离层探测临界频率、GPS TEC和卫星探测原位等离子体参量等多个参数的扰动变化信息, 研究了不同高度异常变化的时空关联性. 分析发现, 在地震前一天的4月13日, 多个电离层参量出现同步扰动异常, 电离层临界频率f₀F₂异常相对滑动中值增大40%, 异常空间上存在从震中东南向西南漂移的特性; GPS TEC异常增强15TECU (1TECU=1016m-2)左右, 分布于震中南部经度15°范围内, 且有明显的磁共轭效应; DEMETER观测的原位氧离子密度N_i(O+) 4月13日为1-4月中最强的一天, 异常分布偏向赤道区, 但仅局限在30°-50°左右的经度范围内. 综合三个参量的异常特征发现, 无论是空间的局地性还是时间上的密切关联均反映这次电离层扰动可能与玉树地震孕育有关. 结合其他观测信息, 进一步探讨了这次地震孕育过程的地震电离层耦合机理.      

Science Researches of Chinese Manned Space Flight

With the complete success of the 2nd stage of Chinese Manned Space Program (CMSP), several science researches have been performed on Tiangong-1 experimental spacelab, which was docked with three Shenzhou spaceships one after another. The China's real spacelab, Tiangong-2 will be launched in 2015, docked with a Shenzhou spaceship soon. After six months, it will be docked with the first Chinese cargo ship (Tianzhou-1). More space science researches, involving with space biology, fluid physics, fundamental physics, materials science, Earth science, astronomy and space environmental science, will be operated on Tiangong-2 spacelab, and crewed and cargo spaceships. Furthermore, the considerable large-scale space utilization of Shina's Space Station is planned. The research fields include yet not limited to space medicine and physiology, space life science and biotechnology, fluid physics and combustion in microgravity, space material science, and fundamental physics in microgravity, space astronomy, Earth science, space physics and space environment utilization, technology demonstration.      

Intra-annual variations of the thermospheric density at 400 km altitude from 1996 to 2006

We investigate the intra-annual variations of globally averaged thermospheric density at 400 km altitude from 1996 to 2006 by using Artificial Neural Network Method (ANNM). The results indicate that thermospheric density is governed by solar activity, and the absolute error of our model is 13.67%, less than NRLMSISE-00 model. Fourier representation can catch the intra-annual variations more accurately than NRLMSISE-00 model and JB2008 model especially during 2002. We find that the Autumn maximum is slightly greater than Spring maximum during solar minimum, while the reverse is correct during solar maximum. There is a strong linear relation between solar activity and the amplitude of annual/semiannual variations, and the correlation coefficients are 0.9534 and 0.9424, respectively. Moreover, the amplitude ratio of the annual to semiannual variation is about 1.3 averaged, and changes in different years, but it has little relation with solar activity. Besides that, the amplitude of annual variation is larger than semiannual variation during 1996 and 2006 except 1998 and 2000. The relative error of NRLMSISE-00 model is 14.95%, decreasing to 12.49% after revising, and the correlation coefficients between this empirical model and its improved results and the observation are 0.8185 and 0.9210, respectively. Finally, we suggest the revised version of MSIS series of model should use the Fourier representation to express the intra-annual variations.     

基于图像的经纬仪测量目标快速瞄准技术

电子经纬仪是一种高精度的测角仪器,由多台高精度电子经纬仪构成的测量系统可以实现三维坐标测量,用于对大型工业产品的几何检测。但经纬仪在测量过程中仍然需要人工瞄准目标,存在速度慢、效率低、人为因素影响大等不足。实现经纬仪自动照准目标功能将是一个新的发展方向。提出一种基于图像的自动瞄准技术,通过在经纬仪上安装一台相机获取待测目标点的图像,利用图形目标识别技术获取目标点图像坐标,依据相机与经纬仪的空间关系可以获得各目标点相对于经纬仪的初始角度,从而实现目标点的快速概略定位,理论推导及实验证明本方法能够准确有效的获得目标点的概略位置。     

航天器分离面物理嵌合机理及防护方案

在某航天器研制过程中,发现了分离面镀膜后因非冷焊因素导致不能分离的现象。为探究该现象的产生机理、影响因素和防护方案,将铝合金试片表面分别进行不处理、本色阳极氧化处理、涂覆二硫化钼处理、光亮镀金处理和光亮阳极氧化处理后,两两配合加压,高真空条件下静置一段时间后,在常温常压条件下进行分离试验,如果试片未分离,重新采用新试片在变温常压条件下静置一段时间后,进行分离试验,分析各试片表面形貌变化和元素转移等情况。试验发现未分离试片因对接面上存在大量细小的凹凸纹路彼此机械咬合引起不能分离,试片镀膜硬度和表面粗糙度是产生物理嵌合的直接原因。从而,提出了航天器无相对运动的分离面需选用硬度较大、粗糙程度较低镀层的防护措施,并通过试验进行了验证。     

Study of Solar Corona in China

Considerable progress for the study of solar corona physics has been achieved by China's space physics community. It involves the theoretical study of coronal process of solar active phenomena, solar wind origin, acceleration of solar wind and coronal mass ejections, observational and numerical study of these problems and prediction methods of solar eruptive activities (such as flares/CMEs). Here is a brief summary of the progress in this area. Main progress is put upon the following three topics: corona and solar wind, numerical method, prediction method.     

基于故障树分析法的引信作用可靠性分析

引信作为武器系统的核心控制部分,其可靠性决定了整个武器系统的最终毁伤效果.现有引信可靠性研究多集中于对某型引信或引信某个机构的可靠性分析.基于故障树分析法,以引信系统分析为基础:首先,根据引信结构及工作原理,分析常见的故障模式;然后,根据故障模式建立故障模型并以某型触发引信为例,进行定量和定性分析,得出影响该型触发引信...     

武术套路锻炼对大学生心理健康影响的研究

采用文献资料、实验、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、数理统计等方法,通过对随机选择的100名18-20岁自愿参加武术套路锻炼的大学生人群进行12个月武术套路锻炼的实验,分析和探讨武术套路锻炼对大学生心理健康的影响。结果显示:大学生武术套路锻炼人群12个月实验后的心理状态明显好于实验前;其中3项指标具有显著性差异(P<0.05),5项指标差异性非常显著(P<0.01)。研究表明:武术套路锻炼能够较全面地改善大学生的心理状态,提高心理健康水平,可以作为大学生提高身心健康水平的一种手段;但武术套路锻炼是内外兼修较为长期的过程,部分心理因子在短期内效果甚微。     

透镜式缠绕肋压扁缠绕过程数值模拟分析

利用ABAQUS首先以各向同性材料透镜式缠绕肋的肋片压扁进行了数值模拟分析,比较了三种壳单元（S4、S4R、SC8R）和三种体单元（C3D8、C3D8R、C3D8I）模拟分析效率,并给出受力特征;进而以S4R和C3D8I进行了碳纤维复合材料肋片压扁模拟分析,并得到受力特征;最后,建立了完整的缠绕肋整体非线性有限元模型,实现了缠绕过程模拟分析,得到缠绕肋缠绕过程应力、应变及变化特征,以及缠绕弯矩。本文对缠绕肋设计及系统样机研制具有指导和参考价值。