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351.
The study of cosmic-ray intensity variations have been carried out with data registered by ground-based and balloon-borne equipment for the past 50 years or more. The International Geophysical Year (IGY) from July 1957 to December 1958 gave an impetus to global collaborations. A world-wide network of concerted measurements became available with the advent of the space age.In situ measurements by satellite-borne detectors led to deep-space exploration. The spacecraft Pioneers and Voyagers, during the past 15 years, traversing farther out into the heliosphere at increasing radial distances from the sun have changed the study of time variations into one of time and spatial variations.Furthermore, with the Voyager 1, proceeding asymptotically towards heliolatitudes of 35° north since its encounter with Saturn and the anticipated direction of Voyager 2 after its encounter with Neptune in late-1989 towards 48° south heliolatitude, is converting the study into a truly three-dimensional exploration of the heliosphere. Thus, the investigation of galactic cosmic-ray intensity variations fromin situ measurements deep in the heliosphere in distance, latitude, and over solar cycles is indeed a remarkable achievement.The various cosmic-ray intensity variations over different time-scales, the modulation of the intensity by the evolving solar activity and the role of the electromagnetic state of the interplanetary medium (otherwise called heliosphere) can now be investigated as never before; these studies contribute immensely to our knowledge of the solar neighbourhood. This article essentially deals with the studies of time and spatial variations of cosmic-ray intensity that have been conducted especially over the past two decades. 相似文献
352.
研究了不同焊接电流下钛合金板胶接点焊接头的A扫描信号和C扫描图像特征,并进行了拉伸-剪切试验。结果表明:通过观察C扫描图像的特征与A扫描信号的变化,能够划分胶接点焊接头的胶层区、热影响区、熔合区、熔核区以及焊接缺陷;随着电流(7~10 k A)的逐渐增大,接头熔核直径呈递增趋势,相应的失效载荷从7 231.5增加到10 939.0 N;当电流为7 k A时,在C扫描图像上反映出飞溅缺陷,此时接头失效载荷远小于没有出现飞溅的接头,可见飞溅降低了胶接点焊接头的拉剪载荷。 相似文献
353.
D. V. Kurylev 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2016,59(2):287-292
This paper deals with roughing milling of vane channels for axial blisks by a cup tool. The effect of the shaping strategy on waviness of the surfaces being machined and allowance for subsequent operations is determined. 相似文献
354.
S. Mereghetti A. Tiengo P. Esposito G. Vianello A. De Luca D. Götz G. Weidenspointner A. von Kienlin G.L. Israel L. Stella N. Rea R. Turolla S. Zane 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
We describe the results obtained with Target of Opportunity observations of the galactic sources SGR 1627–41 and 1E 1547–5408. These two transients show several similarities supporting the interpretation of Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters as a single class of strongly magnetized neutron stars. 相似文献
355.
Owing to the lack of a direct link with the operations in short-range air combat,conventional aircraft flying qualities criteria are inappropriate to guide the design of a task-tailored flight control law.By applying the mission-oriented flying qualities evaluation approach,various aircraft with different control law parameters are evaluated on a ground-based simulator.This paper compares the evaluation results with several conventional flying qualities criteria,and discusses the appropriate parameter combination to reflect the flying qualities requirements of short-range air combat,The comparison and analysis show that a short-range air combat mission requires a higher minimum short period mode natural frequency and a smaller maximum roll mode time constant,and allows a lower minimum pitch attitude bandwidth and a higher maximum short period mode damp ratio than those of conventional flying qualities criteria.Furthermore,a combination of the pitch attitude bandwidth,the pitch attitude magnitude at the bandwidth frequency,and the pitch attitude transfer function gain can define the flying qualities requirements of short-range air com bat.The new metric can successfully predict the flying quality levels of aircraft in a short-range air combat mission. 相似文献
356.
为了获得电子束表面造型对液冷冷板散热性能的影响规律,对带有柱状表面造型的液冷冷板进行数值模拟。结果表明,当冷却液通道中存在柱状表面造型时,可有效提高冷板的散热性能,其中造型高度对冷板的散热性能影响最大,造型流向间距的影响其次,造型直径的影响最小;当柱状造型直径1mm、高度6mm且相邻造型的流向间距为4mm时,冷却液与模拟发热芯片的温差为46.08℃,该冷板的散热性能与空白试样对比可提升23.23%。之后根据模拟结果,制备了具有不同表面造型特征的液冷冷板试样,散热性能测试结果表明,通道内制备柱状造型可提高冷板散热性能达13%以上;但当柱状造型高度4mm,且造型数量较少时,改变柱状造型特征对提升冷板散热性能的影响较小。 相似文献
357.
Yongjie ZHANG Zheng YANG Xianchao MA Wenjun DONG Dayong DONG Zhaoguang TAN Shuai ZHANG 《中国航空学报》2019,32(8):1828-1846
Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity. 相似文献
358.
针对同步DS-CDMA信号的盲解扩问题,本文提出了一种基于迭代最小二乘投影算法(ILSP)的快速盲解扩算法。本算法首先通过对截获信号的协方差矩阵进行特征分解,估计出由各用户扩频序列张成的信号子空间,然后结合扩频码序列的有限符号集特性,利用ILSP算法消除由特征分解产生的酉矩阵模糊问题,得到扩频序列的精确估计,最后利用估计得到的扩频序列对截获信号解扩得到信息码序列,完成DS-CDMA信号的盲解扩。仿真结果表明本算法在低信噪比条件下具有良好的盲解扩性能,且相较传统算法本文提出算法大大降低了计算复杂度 。 相似文献
359.
360.