Experimental study on rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock

Traditional rotary ultrasonic vibration drilling rock (f_z < 2A) is an effective drilling rock method, but its feed rate is limited by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude, resulting in lower drilling efficiency. In this paper, based on the requirements of drilling efficiency in the asteroid sampling mission, the process method of rotary ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock (f_z > 2A) was proposed. The mechanism of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock was analyzed, and the propagation of ultrasonic energy in the process of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock was analyzed. Using the small diameter cemented carbide triangular bit as the drilling tool, the comparative test of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling and traditional drilling of sandstone, marble, and basalt was carried out. The experimental results showed that there was a specific feed rate range for each type of rock, so that the weight on bit required for ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling was less than that of traditional drilling. With the increase of firmness coefficient of sandstone, marble, and basalt, the ratio of weight on bit to feed rate was increased, and the effective feed rate range of ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling was reduced. The ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling rock (f_z > 2A) was one of the alternative methods for drilling rock on the asteroid surface.     

地月低能轨道转移的混沌控制方法

针对航天器在混沌区域的滑行时间过长，提出一种低能地月轨道转移的混沌控制方法。首先通过地月圆形限制性三体问题(CRTBP)的庞加莱截面图，将混沌区域进行分层并分析其规律，再利用混沌轨道对初始状态高度敏感的特性，在尽可能减少运送时间的前提下实现地月低能轨道转移。该方法的优点是利用混沌区域的固有规律，不需要依靠周期轨道特性。仿真结果表明，本文提出方法仅需施加2~4次脉冲，明显缩短混沌区域的滑行时间，从而实现地月低能转移。     

基于变论域模糊控制算法的仿真与FPGA优化实现

针对单力臂模型的复杂动力学行为，设计了一种不依赖于被控对象的精确数学模型的变论域模糊控制器。在闭环系统中，角位移量的跟踪偏差和其变化率作为系统输入，并将控制器的初始论域设为［-3，3］，其值可通过伸缩因子来调节。基于Matlab软件仿真，验证单力臂模型对预期指令的跟踪性能。另外，基于现场可编程门列阵(FPGA)硬件，采用移位操作和分段线性化两种方法对控制器进行优化。由此，无乘法器和片上内存零占用的设计结构显著降低了硬件资源负担。实验结果表明:本文所提变论域模糊闭环控制方法在精确度(低于0.02)、自适应性以及实时性等方面性能较优越，具有一定工程应用价值。     

原子层沉积纳米钝化层薄膜厚度测量技术研究

原子层沉积无机纳米薄膜技术广泛应用于军民领域。本文通过在原子层沉积系统加装原位石英晶体微天平测量系统，通过原位石英晶体微天平研究原子层沉积无机薄膜生长过程并进行薄膜厚度的在线测量。通过研究原子层沉积反应条件，实现原子层沉积无机薄膜厚度的石英晶体微天平在线测量结果替代薄膜厚度线下光学测量结果，解决各类复杂腔体内壁原子层沉积薄膜厚度无法精确测量的问题。     

过盈配合应力分布超声测量与连接力预测

为了实现过盈配合应力分布的测量和连接力预测,以超声波脉冲反射法原理为基础,建立了超声测量系统及标定装置。首先,利用标定装置对反射系数的影响因素进行了分析。然后,用所搭建的超声测量系统测量了3种过盈量(6μm,12μm和18μm)的应力分布,并根据测量结果实现了连接力的预测。最后,通过压出实验对预测结果进行了验证。研究表明,耦合剂、粗糙度的大小和纹理方向及覆型边界是影响测量精度的关键因素。本文建立的覆型边界误差分析模型可以实现测量误差的预测及补偿。应力分布测量结果能够有效反应配合面间的接触状态及缺陷,连接力的相对误差小于16%。因此,本文所建立的分析方法和测量系统可以实现应力分布的准确测量与连接力的可靠预测,并为过盈组件配合质量与连接力的可靠评估提供了技术支撑。此外,本文的研究方法具有普遍的适用性,对实现不同接触面间应力的测量具有一定的指导意义。     

旋翼式火星无人机技术发展综述

火星表面稀薄的大气环境为旋翼式无人机在火星低空飞行提供了必要的条件。概述了火星无人机的研究背景、飞行环境与研制难点；整理了世界范围内各研究机构研制的旋翼式火星无人机的技术特点；梳理旋翼式火星无人机研究在气动特性理论、低气压飞行控制、系统集成等方面的关键技术；总结旋翼式火星无人机的仿真研究与实验研究成果；对火星无人机未来的发展趋势进行展望。     

XPNAV-1卫星先期发布数据的计时分析

本文处理了XPNAV-1先期公布的35组Crab脉冲星的观测数据，采用离散傅里叶变换(DFT)方法得到脉冲到达时刻(TOA)及其测量精度。利用英国Jordrell Bank发布的Crab脉冲星星历与美国JPL发布的DE200历表，得到的拟合前计时残差均方根(RMS)为1.14 μs，且不存在系统性趋势，从而验证了XPNAV-1观测数据的有效性。同时，得到了该观测数据时间段内Crab脉冲星的X射线和射电波段之间的零点相位差为0.04。本文还给出了建立脉冲轮廓时子相位间隔N的取值与计时残差的RMS之间的关系。     

航空轴承钢的发展及热处理技术

随着航空航天技术的发展,轴承钢的种类和承温能力逐渐提高。而轴承钢的热处理技术对轴承钢的服役寿命及轴承性能的发挥起着关键性的作用,我国航空航天轴承的热处理技术一直处于发展阶段,与国外轴承钢的热处理技术相比仍有一定的上升空间。搜集国内外轴承钢相关的热处理文献,总结了国内外航空航天轴承钢及热处理技术的发展。主要论述了GCr15、8Cr4Mo4V、G13Cr4Mo4Ni4V等轴承钢的热处理技术,介绍了GCr15轴承钢的马氏体等温淬火、贝氏体等温淬火、马氏体+贝氏体混合等温淬火组织,详细介绍了国外M50轴承钢的热处理工艺方法、工艺参数及获得的热处理组织。     

谐振式传感器高精度频率测量技术研究*

随着MEMS振梁加表、振梁压力传感器等谐振式传感器精度的提高,对频率测量精度的要求也随之提高。现有的测频技术通常采用单片机内置的输入捕获及中断功能,与实际需求的测量精度差距较大。提出一种基于FPGA的高精度频率测量方案,在5ms的采样间隔下实现1ppm的相对频率测量精度,满足高精度谐振式传感器的精度要求。     

Statistical seismo-ionospheric precursors of M7.0+ earthquakes in Circum-Pacific seismic belt by GPS TEC measurements

The Circum-Pacific seismic belt is the region heavily affected by earthquakes in the world. The relationship between earthquake (e.g., the geographic location, occurrence time, magnitude, and focal depth) and ionospheric anomalies in the belt was investigated using 100 M7.0+ earthquakes during 2006–2015. The ground-based GPS measurements and global ionosphere map (GIM) data were used for the analyses of the ionospheric variations preceding the earthquakes. The results indicated that the occurrence rate of total electron content (TEC) anomalies was proportional to the magnitude and inversely proportional to the focal depth to a certain degree, and the occurrence frequency of anomalies had a rising trend with the days getting close to the main shock. The occurrence rate of TEC anomalies in the Southern hemisphere was larger than that in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, the spatial characteristics of TEC anomalies showed that the anomalies in low-middle latitudes did not coincide with the epicenter, sometimes the anomalies were also observed in the corresponding conjugated region. However, the TEC anomalies in the high latitude usually appeared around the epicenter and within the seismogenic zone while no TEC anomalies appeared in the conjugated area. These results may have potential applications to the earthquake prediction in the Circum-Pacific seismic belt.