一种用于出舱活动的相变储热／辐射器式热沉

首先讨论了出舱活动中的各种散热方案；然后介绍了一种相变储热／辐射器式热沉。给出了闭式散热系统设计的性能要求及相变材料的选取标准和计算方法。     

大飞机部件数字化柔性装配若干关键技术

随着CAD/CAM/CAE/PDM/CAPP技术的不断发展,装备制造业制造水平的不断提升,以及大飞机研制计划提供的良好平台,我们有理由相信在今后的几年内,依靠各部门的团结协作,大飞机部件数字化柔性装配技术一定能取得突出的成果,为我国其他装备制造技术提供基础.     

偏转弹头导弹控制系统设计与仿真

根据弹头的可偏转特性,利用无根多刚体系统动力学方法建立了偏转弹头导弹的动力学模型,并对通道间的耦合特性及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响进行了分析。在此基础上,将通道间的耦合及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响作为干扰项处理,将气动参数的非线性变化等效为标称参数的摄动,利用变结构控制理论设计了偏转弹头导弹的控制器。仿真结果表明,所设计的变结构控制器能够有效地减小和消除俯仰、偏航通道对滚转通道的耦合作用以及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响,较好地抑制了导弹气动参数的摄动,具有较高的稳态精度和良好的动态性能。     

安徽省生产性服务业和制造业融合发展研究

产业融合是现代产业发展的必然结果,利用2002-2007年安徽省投入产出表相关数据,结合中间投入率和中间需求率,对安徽省生产性服务业和制造业间的融合度进行测算,探究安徽省产业融合特点和规律,旨在为安徽省产业结构调整和转型升级提供科学依据。研究表明:整体制造业和生产性服务业相互依赖,融合程度在不断加深,生产性服务业的投入主要集中在劳动和资源密集型产业,对技术密集型产业的投入较低,不同生产性服务业对整体制造业的投入结构存在明显差异。     

Design for aircraft engine multi-objective controllers with switching characteristics

The aircraft engine multi-loop control system is described and the switching control theory is introduced to solve the regulating and protecting control problems in this paper. The aircraft engine multi-loop control system is firstly described and the control problems are formulated. Secondly, the theory of the smooth switching control is devoted and a new extended scheme for the smooth switching of a switched control system is introduced. Then, for the key technologies of aero-engines switching control, a design algorithm is presented which can determine which candidate controller should be put in feedback with the plant to achieve a desired performance and the procedure to design the aircraft engine multi-loop control system is detailed. The switching performance objectives and the switching scheme are given and a family of PID controllers and compensators is designed. The simulation shows that using the switching control design method can not only improve the dynamic performance of the aircraft engine control system and reduce the switching times, but also guarantee the stability in some peculiar occasions.     

嵌入式大气数据测量系统技术研究进展

针对高超声速飞行器大气数据测量问题，对嵌入式大气数据测量系统(FADS)技术研究背景、发展历程、国内外研究现状等进行了概括。重点围绕FADS关键技术、FADS解算算法及面向FADS/INS组合测量系统信息融合算法方面，对FADS技术进行了深入的剖析。最后，展望了FADS技术未来的发展方向及应用前景。     

植物细胞响应重力变化的Ca2+信号

重力大小的改变(微重力和超重力)可以对植物的生长发育、生理生化特性、细胞超微结构、基因和蛋白的表达等产生广泛的影响,而Ca~(2+)可能在此过程中起信号物质的作用.重力刺激在植物细胞中引发事件的顺序可能是:重力刺激的感受—细胞膜系统张力改变—膜理化特性改变—膜透性、离子转运、膜连接酶活性等改变—Ca~(2+)信号的产生和转导—新陈代谢变化—生理反应.植物对重力水平变化应激响应的至关重要一步是引起细胞内Ca~(2+)分布区域和浓度的变化,这是将细胞外重力刺激转换为细胞内化学信号的关键步骤.由于机械力敏感的C~(2+)通道的活化和Ca~(2+)-ATPase酶活性受到抑制,重力改变时细胞质中自由Ca~(2+)浓度增加,随后Ca~(2+)作为第二信使介导相关酶活性发生改变,最终引起一连串的生理生化反应.本文探讨了重力变化对植物细胞质内自由Ca~(2+)浓度的影响、Ca~(2+)信号的产生机制.以及Ca~(2+)作为次级信号对细胞生理生化过程调节作用的途径和机制,介绍了常用的Ca~(2+)研究方法,并分析了研究的关键点和难点.     

Nostoc sphaeroides Kützing,an excellent candidate producer for CELSS

Some phytoplankton can be regarded as possible candidates in the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System (CELSS) for some intrinsic characteristics, the first characteristic is that they should grow rapidly, secondly, they should be able to endure some stress factors and develop some corresponding adaptive strategies; also it is very important that they could provide food rich in nutritious protein and vitamins for the crew; the last but not the least is they can also fulfill the other main functions of CELSS, including supplying oxygen, removing carbon dioxide and recycling the metabolic waste. According to these characteristics, Nostoc sphaeroides, a potential healthy food in China, was selected as the potential producer in CELSS. It was found that the oxygen average evolution rate of this algae is about 150 μmol O₂ mg⁻¹ h⁻¹, and the size of them are ranged from 2 to 20 mm. Also it can be cultured with high population density, which indicated that the potential productivity of Nostoc sphaeroides is higher than other algae in limited volume. We measured the nutrient contents of the cyanobacterium and concluded it was a good food for the crew. Based on above advantages, Nostoc sphaeroides was assumed to a suitable phytoplankton for the establishment of Controlled Ecological Life Support System. We plan to develop suitable bioreactor with the cyanobacterium for supplying oxygen and food in future space missions.