Bayesian edge detector for SAR imagery using discontinuity-adaptive Markov random feld modeling

Synthetic aperture radar（SAR）image is severely affected by multiplicative speckle noise,which greatly complicates the edge detection.In this paper,by incorporating the discontinuityadaptive Markov random feld（DAMRF）and maximum a posteriori（MAP）estimation criterion into edge detection,a Bayesian edge detector for SAR imagery is accordingly developed.In the proposed detector,the DAMRF is used as the a priori distribution of the local mean reflectivity,and a maximum a posteriori estimation of it is thus obtained by maximizing the posteriori energy using gradient-descent method.Four normalized ratios constructed in different directions are computed,based on which two edge strength maps（ESMs）are formed.The fnal edge detection result is achieved by fusing the results of two thresholded ESMs.The experimental results with synthetic and real SAR images show that the proposed detector could effciently detect edges in SAR images,and achieve better performance than two popular detectors in terms of Pratt＇s fgure of merit and visual evaluation in most cases.     

The Scientific Measurement System of the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) Mission

The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission to the Moon utilized an integrated scientific measurement system comprised of flight, ground, mission, and data system elements in order to meet the end-to-end performance required to achieve its scientific objectives. Modeling and simulation efforts were carried out early in the mission that influenced and optimized the design, implementation, and testing of these elements. Because the two prime scientific observables, range between the two spacecraft and range rates between each spacecraft and ground stations, can be affected by the performance of any element of the mission, we treated every element as part of an extended science instrument, a science system. All simulations and modeling took into account the design and configuration of each element to compute the expected performance and error budgets. In the process, scientific requirements were converted to engineering specifications that became the primary drivers for development and testing. Extensive simulations demonstrated that the scientific objectives could in most cases be met with significant margin. Errors are grouped into dynamic or kinematic sources and the largest source of non-gravitational error comes from spacecraft thermal radiation. With all error models included, the baseline solution shows that estimation of the lunar gravity field is robust against both dynamic and kinematic errors and a nominal field of degree 300 or better could be achieved according to the scaled Kaula rule for the Moon. The core signature is more sensitive to modeling errors and can be recovered with a small margin.     

某型教练机前舱门装配工艺设计与仿真

以某型教练机前舱门为例,阐述数字化虚拟预装配的过程,以及具体的操作技巧,通过分析产品数模、工装数模,使用DELMIA软件进行装配过程仿真,最后针对装配仿真技术的应用提出了建议。     

民用运输类飞机功能和可靠性试飞浅析

飞行试验是民用飞机取得型号合格证的必经之路,功能和可靠性试飞是一项重要的局方试飞项目,是为确保航空器及其零部件和设备可靠且功能正常所必须进行的飞行试验。从适航条款、飞机构型、试飞方法、试飞大纲等方面入手,对功能和可靠性试飞进行浅析。     

三角嵌铺粒子追踪算法的三维化扩展

针对连续帧三维流场粒子的匹配问题,对基于三角嵌铺的粒子追踪算法进行了三维化扩展并将其命名为3DT PTV。3DT PTV遵循从粒子样型匹配到粒子匹配的原则,即粒子匹配结果从粒子样型匹配结果中总结。首先通过自定义"粒子样型DT网格"实现了粒子样型匹配的参数无依赖性,使3DT PTV适用于粒子非均匀分布流场;其次通过自定义"样型唯一性标识向量"进行粒子样型匹配;最终通过"双向计算-概率择优"模块对样型匹配结果进行样本扩展并整合出粒子匹配。通过添加自定义干扰的JPIV人工流场对3DT PTV进行了检验。除了算法本身的简洁性,结果亦证明了3DT PTV处理粒子无匹配率较高的复杂流动的良好特性。     

Inner wrinkling control in hydrodynamic deep drawing of an irregular surface part using drawbeads

Inner wrinkling phenomenon is more likely to develop during hydrodynamic deep drawing （HDD） of complicated component-forms due to the higher demand for controlling deformation sequences. Aiming at the problems in control of inner wrinkling for an irregular surface part featured with both concavity and convex, this research proposes an optimal design method of drawbead parameters to change the material flow. According to theoretical analysis of the mechanism of inner wrinkling, optimizing cavity pressure only is unreasonable to form a wrinkle-free deep-drawn part, so semi-circular drawbeads are employed. The effects of layout and height of drawbeads on forming results are discussed, and a process window is established based on evaluation indicators including the anti-wrinkle coefficient and the minimum wall thickness. Experiments are carried out to validate the process window, and the wall thickness and the wrinkle height are measured and compared with numerical findings. The results show that the anti-wrinkle ability of drawbeads weakens with increasing oblique angle and distance from the die center, while the wall thickness increases with increasing oblique angle and distance, and the inner wrinkling can be completely suppressed by drawbeads arranged in zones I and II with optimum penetration.     

非对称超声速来流下矩形转圆隔离段研究

为了适应超燃冲压发动机模块化设计及圆形燃烧室的需求,隔离段必须设计成矩形截面渐变为圆形出口的形状。发展了一种基于超椭圆曲线的截面渐变方法,以此设计了矩形转圆隔离段,开展了数值模拟研究并进行了在Ma=2.1且来流条件非对称下的矩形转圆隔离段吹风实验。研究结果表明:在反压相同时,两种不同来流条件下矩形转圆隔离段的出口总压恢复系数较等直矩形隔离段分别提高了4%和5%;在非对称来流实验条件下,矩形转圆隔离段壁面沿程压力分布规律与等直矩形隔离段压力分布规律趋势一致,上壁面沿程压力曲线前部呈波动式上升,后半部上升平缓,而下壁面沿程压力曲线整体上升较为平缓,随着出口反压的增大,总压恢复系数随之减小,矩形转圆隔离段最大能够承受4.1倍的来流静压,极限反压状态下出口总压恢复系数为0.505。     

民用飞机试飞规划与管理技术研究

梳理了通用的民机试飞需求类型,讨论了民机试飞任务分工和试飞计划制订原则,分析了民机试飞科目特点和逻辑关系,研究并提出了一种民机试飞任务优化方法,系统地阐述了试飞规划与管理体系,实现了民机试飞的闭环控制,解决了国内试飞规划中未能系统研究的问题,并创建了一套具有国际先进水平的民机试飞规划与管理系统(Flight Test Control System,简称"FTCS")。FTCS已在实际型号试飞工作中得到了验证和应用,起到了减少试飞架次和提高试飞效率的作用,具有实际的工程应用意义。     

我国的人力资源与经济结构调整

分析了中国的人力资源结构在经济结构调整中的作用，指出人力资源结构若不能随经济结构的变动而变动，将对经济结构的调整产生负面影响，从而制约经济的发展。     

Power Converter Design Optimization

Utilizing the demonstrated capability of nonlinear programming algorithms, a practical design optimization approach for power converters is established which allows conception of a design to meet all power-circuit performance requirements and concurrently optimize a defined quantity such as weight or losses. In addition to facilitating a costeffective design, the computer-aided approach provides a means to readily assess 1) the weight-efficiency tradeoff, 2) impacts of converter requirements and component characteristics on a given design, and 3) optimum powersystem configurations.