基于Cr过渡层沉积CVD金刚石涂层的试验研究

研究了在硬质合金上基于Cr过渡层沉积CVD(Chemical vapor deposition)金刚石涂层的工艺，利用自制的CVD金刚石沉积设备制备出晶形完整、晶粒大小均匀、分布连续的金刚石涂层。用SEM和Raman光谱对CVD金刚石涂层进行了分析。结果表明，沉积工艺对金刚石的形态和成分有显著影响，基体温度在800℃左右时，可以得到晶形完整，非金刚石成分较少，与基体结合紧密的CVD金刚石涂层。     

Relaxation of electron and proton radiation belts of the earth after strong magnetic storms

During strong magnetic storms in July and November of 2004 the fluxes of trapped particles (protons and electrons of MeV energies) in the Earth’s radiation belts have increased by orders of magnitude and then decreased remaining on an enhanced level for several months. These enhancements allowed us to study the processes of relaxation of the radiation belts. Measurements of energetic particles by low-altitude satellites Coronas-F and Servis-1 have shown that predictions of the theory about the rate of pitch-angle diffusion are not always correct, giving both overestimated and underestimated values for the lifetime of energetic particles.     

Electrodynamic stabilization of earth-orbiting satellites in equatorial orbits

A satellite with electrodynamic stabilization system is considered. Based on the method of Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions of the asymptotic stability of direct equilibrium position of this satellite in the orbital coordinate system under perturbing action of a gravitational moment are obtained. These conditions allow one to ensure a rational choice of parametric control coefficients depending on parameters of the satellite and its orbit.     

Activation of the tail open part during the magnetospheric storm

In each polar cap (PC) we mark out “old PC” observed during quiet time before the event under consideration, and “new PC” that emerges during the substorm framing the old one and expanding the PC total area. Old and new PCs are the areas for the magnetosphere old and new tail lobes, respectively. The new lobe variable magnetic flux Ψ₁ is usually assumed to be active, i.e. it provides the electromagnetic energy flux (Poynting flux) ɛ′ transport from solar wind (SW) into the magnetosphere. The old lobe magnetic flux Ψ₂ is supposed to be passive, i.e. it remains constant during the disturbance and does not participate in the transporting process which would mean the old PC electric field absolute screening from the convection electric field created by the magnetopause reconnection. In fact, screening is observed, but far from absolute. We suggest a model of screening and determine its quantitative characteristics in the selected superstorm. The coefficient of a screening is the β = Ψ₂/Ψ₀₂, where Ψ₀₂ = const is open magnetic flux through the old PC measured prior to the substorm, and Ψ₂ is variable magnetic flux through the same area measured during the substorm. We consider three various regimes of disturbance. In each, the coefficient β decreased during the loading phase and increased at the unloading phase, but the rates and amplitudes of variations exhibited a strong dependence on the regime. We interpreted decrease in β as a result of involving the old PC magnetic flux Ψ₂, which was considered to be constant earlier, in the Poynting flux ɛ′ transport process from solar wind into the magnetosphere. Transport process weakening at the subsequent unloading phase creates increase in β. Estimates showed that coefficient β during each regime and the computed Poynting flux ɛ′ varied manifolds. In general, unlike the existing substorm conception, the new scenario describes an unknown earlier of tail lobe activation process during a substorm growth phase that effectively increases the accumulated tail energy for the expansion and recovery phases.     

合成孔径雷达子孔径数据改进ECS成像算法

ECS算法中的方位CS操作会产生大量补零问题,影响成像实时性。本文提出一种改进ECS算法,在补偿方位向高次相位后,不进行调频斜率调整,采用变标傅立叶变换校正方位向输出间隔随距离变化的扇形畸变,克服了ECS算法需要大量补零的不足,仿真验证了算法的有效性。     

基于卡尔曼滤波器的高动态GPS载波跟踪环

为解决传统锁相环( PLL)在高动态环境下对全球定位系统(GPS)信号的跟踪精度问题,将自适应渐消滤波和二级卡尔曼滤波相结合研究了一种新的自适应二级卡尔曼滤波算法,并且提出了一种利用新息协方差计算渐消因子的方法,通过自适应渐消因子在线调节误差协方差矩阵补偿不完整信息的影响,使滤波器在系统模型不完整或者噪声统计特性不准确时仍接近最优.基于自适应二级卡尔曼滤波算法提出了一种高动态GPS载波跟踪环的设计方案.仿真结果表明,提出的方案较传统PLL的跟踪精度有显著提高,频率跟踪精度提高到9.28Hz.     

基于高性能通用计算机的软件基带技术

随着通用计算机和软件处理技术的发展,测控基带软件化已经成为航天测控设备一种新的实现形式。在回顾和总结软件接收机发展历程的基础上,从处理平台、总线交互接口、操作系统、并行处理技术等方面分析软件基带的技术途径,从实时性、时间同步性、可靠性、成本等方面分析软件基带面临的挑战,并展望软件基带的发展前景。     

基于SCADA及以太网的大型空间环境模拟器集中控制系统

以往的空间环境模拟器大多采用分散独立控制的模式,导致多套设备并行试验时人力投入大、设备管理困难。针对这一问题,文章提出了一种基于SCADA（Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition,监控与资料搜集）系统和以太网的分布式集中控制系统。该系统采用B/S架构,将控制网络和企业局域网相结合,为操作用户和管理用户提供方便灵活的远程数据服务。系统对关键模块采用了必要的冗余设计,增加了可靠性和安全性。     

轴编C/C复合材料组分材料有效性能

利用光学显微镜观测和测量轴编C/C复合材料细观编织结构及其尺寸,建立轴编C/C复合材料有限元模型,通过给出组分材料有效性能的变化区间,构造组分材料性能与轴编C/C复合材料宏观有效性能的对应关系,利用径向基函数(RBF)人工神经网络(ANN)方法,对该高度非线性的对应关系进行训练,通过轴编C/C复合材料宏观实验结果,预报其组分材料的有效性能。结果表明,轴编C/C复合材料面内弹性性能基本相同,在测量时可忽略面内纤维束铺设方向的影响;人工神经网络对训练样本有一定的依赖性,但通过多次随机构造样本训练网络,可得到理想的预测结果,且人工神经网络方法具有很好的容错性,能很好地预报轴编C/C复合材料组分材料的有效性能。     

冷却速度对TG6钛合金均温区组织性能的影响

通过焊接热模拟试验研究冷却速度对TG6钛合金焊接热模拟均温区组织性能的影响。结果表明:在空冷状态下均温区达到最佳的性能,随着冷却速度的增大,均温区的抗拉强度稍有提高,拉伸延伸率及断面收缩率没有明显变化;冲击韧性空冷达到最大值,水冷稍有下降;显微硬度随冷却速度增大而增加。