沉淀硬化不锈钢的应用工艺探讨

阐述了沉淀硬化不锈钢（ＺＧｏＣｒ１６Ｎｉ４ＮｂＣｕ３）在铸造、热处理、无损探伤过程中易出现的问题及解决方法。     

A lunar cargo mission design strategy using variable low thrust

A design technique for a near optimal, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory using continuous variable low thrust is proposed. For the Earth–Moon transfer trajectory, analytical and numerical methods are combined to formulate the trajectory optimization problem. The basic concept of the proposed technique is to utilize analytically optimized solutions when the spacecraft is flying near a central body where the transfer trajectories are nearly circular shaped, and to use a numerical optimization method to match the spacecraft’s states to establish a final near optimal trajectory. The plasma thruster is considered as the main propulsion system which is currently being developed for crewed/cargo missions for interplanetary flight. The gravitational effects of the 3rd body and geopotential effects are included during the trajectory optimization process. With the proposed design technique, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory is successfully designed with the plasma thruster having a thrust direction sequence of “fixed-varied-fixed” and a thrust acceleration sequence of “constant-variable-constant”. As this strategy has the characteristics of a lesser computational load, little sensitivity to initial conditions, and obtaining solutions quickly, this method can be utilized in the initial scoping studies for mission design and analysis. Additionally, derived near optimal trajectory solution can be used as for initial trajectory solution for further detailed optimization problem. The demonstrated results will give various insights into future lunar cargo trajectories using plasma thrusters with continuous variable low thrust, establishing approximate costs as well as trajectory characteristics.     

A Recursive Method for Signal Resolution

A recursive method is given for resolving signals overlapping in time. Assume that the signal waveform is known and several signals are received. The signals (of unknown number) may overlap with one another and the amount of time delay of each individual signal is unknown. The signals are corrupted with additive white Gaussian noise. The problem is to estimate the number, the amplitudes, and the time delays of the overlapping signals. Assume that at a certain instant tk-1 estimates have been made on the number of signals arriving in the time interval (O, tk-1) and the amplitudes and time delays of these signals. Using these estimates, we test at tk the hypothesis H1 that a new signal arrives at tk against the null hypothesis Ho that no new signal arrives. The decision gives the number of signals arriving in the time interval (0, tk); the parameters are then re-estimated. The overlapping signals are detected and resolved, and the estimates are improved at each stage. The system is analyzed in detail, and computer-simulated results are presented.     

Effects of Hybrid Voltages on Oxide Formation on 6061 Al-alloys During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is carried out on 6061 Al-alloys in a weak alkaline electrolyte containing NaOH, Na₂SiO₃ and NaCl. Centered on the correlation of composition and structure, analyses by means of X-ray diffration (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are conducted on the specimens, which have been PEO-treated under hybrid voltages of different direct current (DC) values (140-280 V) with constant alternate current (AC) amplitude (200 V). Attention is paid to the composition, properties and growth mechanism of oxide layers formed with hybrid voltages. Moreover, the main effects of DC value are discussed. Ceramic layers with a double-layer structure which combines hard outer and soft inner layers are found to be consist of α-Al₂O₃, γ-Al₂O₃ and mullite. With the DC values increasing, the growth of the ceramic layers tends to have increasingly obvious three-stage feature.     

Atomic Physics for Atmospheric Composition Measurements

The atomic physics relevant to the interpretation of solar spectra produced by plasmas at temperatures ≳ 105 K are discussed. Methods for determining relative abundance ratios are presented and examples provided from the Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer on board SOHO. In particular, the Fe/Si ratio in the corona is found to be close to photospheric; the Mg/Ne ratio in the transition region is found to vary by an order of magnitude in different solar features. The Mg/Ne ratios in supergranule cell centres and the network are separated for the first time, although no significant differences are found. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Single-stage converters for PV lighting systems with MPPT andenergy backup

Single-stage converters (SSCs) are proposed for applications of photovoltaic powered lighting system (PPLS). The synchronous switch technique is employed to develop the SSCs which can fulfill maximum power point tracking (MPPT), battery charging, discharging, and lamp ballasting features. Several typical SSCs are discussed. One of the proposed SSCs, which is the integration of a buck-boost charger/discharger and a class-D series resonant parallel loaded inverter, is analyzed and designed into a PPLS. Both pulsewidth modulation (PWM) and variable-frequency controls are used to govern the system operation. The controller is implemented on a single-chip microprocessor. Simulated and experimental results of the proposed system for driving up to sixteen GE TBX 26 W fluorescent lamps are used to verify the theoretical prediction and feasibility. The proposed system has a simple configuration, as well as a zero voltage switching (ZVS) feature, and can achieve the same functions as those in conventional systems when abrupt insolation changes do not occur frequently. These result in the inherent merits of lower cost, more compact size and possibly achieving higher reliability over conventional systems     

多(全)电发动机

简要介绍了磁性轴承、整体式起动／发电机和燃气涡轮发动机分布式控制系统的工作原理、发展状况和关键技术。     

容错式飞机自动除冰系统

 提出一种高可靠性节能型飞机自动除冰系统,采用节能型电分离式除冰方法,并配有最优能量控制策略,使除冰系统所需的除冰能量大大降低；用容错式系统结构,使整个自动除冰系统的可靠性大大增加。实验结果表明系统可靠性高,并且节能效果显著。     

应用分支和突变理论对飞机空间机动稳定性的研究

 本文应用分支和突变理论,研究了飞机空间机动全局稳定性,导出了求解滚转速率临界稳定值的解析公式,分析了非线性跳跃现象和周期性振荡现象,并找出了这两种现象产生的原因。     

冲击粗糙肋壁面流动特性实验研究

对有初始横流的冲击粗糙肋壁面的流场进行了流动特性实验研究 ,通过对大量实验数据的整理、分析以了解多种流动和几何参数对其流动特性的影响规律 ,为优化设计涡轮叶片内部冷却结构提供相应依据