Exploration and implementation of commonality valuation method in commercial aircraft family design

Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity.     

A coupling VWM/CFD/CSD method for rotor airload prediction

A coupling fluid-structure method with a combination of viscous wake model(VWM),computational fluid dynamics(CFD) and comprehensive structural dynamics(CSD) modules is developed in this paper for rotor unsteady airload prediction. The hybrid VWM/CFD solver is employed to model the nonlinear aerodynamic phenomena and complicated rotor wake dynamics;the moderate deflection beam theory is implemented to predict the blade structural deformation; the loose coupling strategy based on the ‘delt method' is used to couple the fluid and structure solvers.Several cases of Helishape 7A rotor are performed first to investigate the effect of elastic deformation on airloads. Then, two challenging forward flight conditions of UH-60 A helicopter rotor are investigated, and the simulated results of wake geometry, chordwise pressure distribution and sectional normal force show excellent agreement with available test data; a comparison with traditional CFD/CSD method is also presented to illustrate the efficiency of the developed method.     

振动载荷和定应变对HTPB推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面影响

为研究振动载荷和定应变对HTPB推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面的影响,进行了振动载荷和定应变作用下HTPB推进剂高温老化试验,测试了不同载荷和老化时间下推进剂的宏观力学性能,利用扫描电镜观测了推进剂的细观破坏过程,基于颗粒增强本构理论,分析了推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面的损伤规律。结果表明,振动载荷和定应变的作用使HTPB推进剂的初始模量和抗拉强度均减小,高温老化、定应变和振动载荷的作用都会破坏推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面、降低推进剂固体颗粒模量增强效果,定应变状态下振动载荷作用后,粘接界面损伤最严重。     

基于Visual Basic的互感器负荷箱测量仪校准系统的实现

为解决互感器负荷箱测量仪同相分量和正交分量的校准问题,在分析互感器负荷箱测量仪工作原理的基础上,设计了基于电子/电工组合式的互感器负荷箱测量仪校准装置,并简要说明装置电工部分、电子部分以及上位机软件的实现。经省级计量研究院验证结果表明,该装置校准结果符合0.2级要求,可作为标准装置解决1级互感器负荷箱测量仪量值溯源问题。     

基于经纬仪的光束平差法定向方法改进

针对基于传统经纬仪工业测量系统使用光束平差法定向精度有待提高的问题，提出一种新的定向改进方法。该方法同时结合了精确互瞄法与光束平差法，简化了测量过程，提出新的约束，消减了光束平差法中定向阶段的基准点测量累积误差，实现了在非通视条件中完成多台经纬仪高精度定向的目标。试验数据表明：该方法可在10m范围内，在误差为±3″的测点交会精度下，维持0.1mm的定向精度。     

Availability modeling for periodically inspection system with different lifetime and repair-time distribution

Availability is a main feature of design and operation of all engineering system. Recently,availability evaluation of periodical inspection systems with different structures is at the center of attention due to the wide application in engineering. In this paper, an analytical and probabilistic availability model for periodical inspection system is proposed by a new recursively algorithm,which can achieve limiting average availability and instantaneous availability of periodical inspection system under arbitrary lifetime and repair-time distributions. Then three application examples are presented, the systems lifetime and repair-time are respectively fellow exponential/exponential,Weibull/normal and Weibull/lognormal distribution. Finally, a Weibull/lognormal system is studied to analyze the dynamic relationship between inspection period and availability. The results indicate that the proposed approach can provide the technology support for improving system availability and determining reasonable inspection period.     

激励机制在大学英语教学中的运用

建立英语教学的激励机制,充分发挥学生的学习潜能,可采取创设语言环境,组织学生参加活动,利用外部动机和内部动机,激发学生对学习内容的直接兴趣等具体措施,以便使每一位学生都有同样的机会发挥自己的英语才能     

面向高级在轨系统的动态服务质量保证方法研究

AOS(Advanced Orbiting System,高级在轨系统)已经逐渐被各国空间组织采用,随着空间任务的发展趋势更多样化和复杂化,对AOS的QoS(Quality of Service,服务质量)也提出了更高要求.针对AOS服务质量的提升需求,提出了一种虚拟信道优先级策略,使用大容量缓存结合数据压缩动态策略和遥测数据抽帧策略相结合的QoS保证方法,通过分析返向链路带宽与航天器遥测用户带宽的裕量,可以动态调整QoS保证,以适应不同应用环境下的航天器AOS的QoS保证需求.通过模拟不同的工况进行仿真试验,结果表明,该AOS服务质量保证方法适用于返向链路带宽裕量充足和不足的工况,比传统的全同步策略和同步异步结合策略拥有更广泛的适应范围.     

石英加速度计离心机试验误差系数显著性分析

提出了一种针对石英加速度计精密离心机试验的显著性分析方法.在多位置方法分离加速度计误差系数时,由于激励不足等试验条件的限制,无法保证高次项系数的标定结果正确.离心机试验利用离心机提供的向心加速度作为仪表的输入,能够标定出高次项系数.为了确定被标定的误差系数均具有可信度,有必要对高过载试验结果进行分析,保留可信的误差系数,证明使用的误差模型无误.由于此方法的通用性,在其他试验条件下的误差分离试验中仍可运用.     

基于自回归与最小均方理论的振动环境下 光纤陀螺仪滤波方法

针对振动应力下光纤陀螺产生测量误差增大的问题,从振动对光纤环的影响机理出发,分析了振动应力下光纤陀螺干涉信号的表现形式,提出了基于自回归最小均方滤波理论的光纤陀螺滤波方法,将AR模型的平稳性和最小均方根滤波的自适应性相结合,提取平稳数据的特性参数,对高频信号进行滤波,降低非互易相移产生陀螺角速度误差值的干扰.试验表明,该方法简单可行,有效地降低了振动应力下光纤陀螺输出信息的噪声,抑制了由振动引起的陀螺漂移.