一种SAR图像特征增强新方法

军事目标的SAR图像特征在合成孔径雷达目标识别(SAR ATR)中扮演着重要的角色。提出了一种在多小波域中用维纳滤波重构进行SAR目标图像特征增强的新方法,并在此基础上进行了目标图像分割。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效增强SAR图像中的目标区域特征,增大目标和背景杂波之间的统计可分离度,有利于目标图像的精确分割和特征提取。     

Demonstration of the use of the Doppler Orbitography and Radio positioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) measurements to validate GPS ionospheric imaging

There is a lack of independent ionospheric data that can be used to validate GPS imaging results at mid latitudes over severe storm times. Doppler Orbitography and Radio positioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), a global network of dual-frequency ground to satellite observations, provides this missing data and here is employed as verification to show the accuracy of the ionospheric GPS images in terms of the total electron content (TEC). In this paper, the large-scale ionospheric structures that appeared during the strong geomagnetic storm of 20 November 2003 are reconstructed with a GPS tomographic algorithm, known as MIDAS, and validated with DORIS TEC measurements. The main trough shown in an extreme equatorward position in the ionospheric imaging over mainland Europe is confirmed by DORIS satellite measurements. Throughout the disturbed day, the variations of relative slant TECs between DORIS data and MIDAS results agree quite well, with the average of the mean differences about 2 TECu. We conclude that as a valuable supplement to GPS data, DORIS ionospheric measurements can be used to analyse TEC variations with a relatively high resolution, ∼10 s in time and tens of kilometres in space. This will be very helpful for identification of some highly dynamic structures in the ionosphere found at mid-latitudes, such as the main trough, TID (Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances) and SED (Storm Enhanced Density), and could be used as a valuable auxiliary data source in ionospheric imaging.     

Prospects of using a permanent magnetic end effector to despin and detumble an uncooperative target

Space debris, such as defunct satellites and upper stages of rockets, becomes an uncooperative target after losing its attitude control and communication ability. In addition, tumbling motion can occur due to environmental perturbations and residual angular momentum prior to the object’s end-of-mission. To minimize the collision risk during docking and capturing of the tumbling target, a non-contact method based on the eddy current effect is put forward to transmit the control torque to the tumbling target. The main idea is to induce a controllable torque on the conducting surface of the tumbling target using a rotational magnetic field generated by a Halbach rotor. The radial and axial Halbach rotors are used to damp the spinning and nutation motions of the target, respectively. The normal and tangential force are evaluated concerning the relative pose between the chaser and the target. A simplified dynamic model of the nutation damping and despinning processes is developed and the influences of the asymmetrical principal moments of inertia and transverse angular velocity are discussed. The numerical simulation results show that the designed Halbach rotor stabilized the target attitude within an acceptable time. The electromagnetic nutation damping and despinning method provides new solutions for the development of on-orbit capture technology.     

Ground-Based Cloud Using Exponential Entropy/Exponential Gray Entropy and UPSO

Objective and accurate classification model or method of cloud image is a prerequisite for accurate weather monitoring and forecast. Thus safety of aircraft taking off and landing and air flight can be guaranteed. Thresholding is a kind of simple and effective method of cloud classification. It can realize automated ground-based cloud detection and cloudage observation. The existing segmentation methods based on fixed threshold and single threshold cannot achieve good segmentation effect. Thus it is difficult to obtain the accurate result of cloud detection and cloudage observation. In view of the above-mentioned problems, multi-thresholding methods of ground-based cloud based on exponential entropy/exponential gray entropy and uniform searching particle swarm optimization （UPSO） are proposed. Exponential entropy and exponential gray entropy make up for the defects of undefined value and zero value in Shannon entropy. In addition, exponential gray entropy reflects the relative uniformity of gray levels within the cloud cluster and background cluster. Cloud regions and background regions of different gray level ranges can be distinguished more precisely using the multi-thresholding strategy. In order to reduce computational complexity of original exhaustive algorithm for multi-threshold selection, the UPSO algorithm is adopted. It can find the optimal thresholds quickly and accurately. As a result, the real-time processing of segmentation of groundbased cloud image can be realized. The experimental results show that, in comparison with the existing groundbased cloud image segmentation methods and multi-thresholding method based on maximum Shannon entropy, the proposed methods can extract the boundary shape, textures and details feature of cloud more clearly. Therefore, the accuracies of cloudage detection and morphology classification for ground-based cloud are both improved.     

Development of a CELSS Experimental Facility

A CELSS Experimental Facility was developed two years ago. It contains a volume of about 40.0 m³ and a cultivating area of about 8.4 m²; its interior atmospheric parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, total pressure, lighting intensity, photoperiod, water content in the growing-matrix, CO₂-added accumulative amount, O₂-released accumulative amount and ethylene concentration are all controlled and logged automatically and effectively; its growing system consists of two rows of racks along its left-and-right sides separately, each side holds two upper-and-lower layers, and the vertical distance of each growing bed can be adjusted automatically and independently; lighting sources consist of both red (95%) and blue (5%) light-emitting diodes (LED), and the average lighting intensity of each lamp bank at 20-cm distance position under it, reaches to 255.0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. After that, demonstrating tests were carried out and were finally followed by growing lettuce in the facility. The results showed that all subsystems operated well and all parameters were controlled automatically and efficiently. The lettuce plants in the system could grow much well. Successful development of this system laid a necessary foundation for future larger-scale studies on CELSS integration technique.     

A novel variable-lag probability hypothesis density smoother for multi-target tracking

It is understood that the forward-backward probability hypothesis density (PHD) smoothing algorithms proposed recently can significantly improve state estimation of targets. However, our analyses in this paper show that they cannot give a good cardinality (i.e., the number of targets) estimate. This is because backward smoothing ignores the effect of temporary track drop- ping caused by forward filtering and/or anomalous smoothing resulted from deaths of targets. To cope with such a problem, a novel PHD smoothing algorithm, called the variable-lag PHD smoother, in which a detection process used to identify whether the filtered cardinality varies within the smooth lag is added before backward smoothing, is developed here. The analytical results show that the proposed smoother can almost eliminate the influences of temporary track dropping and anomalous smoothing, while both the cardinality and the state estimations can significantly be improved. Simulation results on two multi-target tracking scenarios verify the effectiveness of the proposed smoother.     

基于旋度计算的流面生成算法研究

三维流场可视化一直以来是个很具有挑战性的问题.介绍了基于流线连接的流面生成方法,针对发散场中流线间距过大的问题,提出基于旋度计算的流面生成方法,通过流线法向量连线生成具有较好视觉效果的流带和流面,最后选取CDC风场数据对算法进行检验.     

玻璃钢/Nomex蜂窝夹层结构P频段接收天线的成型工艺研究

简述了P频段接收天线的组成,详细介绍了P频段接收天线载体的成型工艺方案,对成型模具设计、材料选择及特性、成型工艺等方面的内容进行了重点介绍,并且对产品成型过程中的技术重点及难点进行了论述分析。经最终检测,产品的各项性能均满足设计指标要求。     

被动活塞式气体流量主标准器

研制成功的气体小流量标准装置以被动活塞式气缸作为主标准器。活塞采用水银环密封方式,该方式可有效降低活塞与缸体摩擦,并且消除泄露。通过活塞自重形成稳定被压,保证主标准器内压力和气体流量稳定。主标准器流量范围为3ml/min～10L/min,不确定度为0.2%（k=2）。     

强化使用方质量监督进一步提高企业质量管理水平

针对企业在通过质量体系认证后，如何保持其质量体系能正常有效地运转并进一步提高其质量管理水平的问题，提出了强化使用方质量监督，是解决上述问题的有效手段的论点；阐明了目前强化使用方质量监督已具备的基本条件，并就如何强化以驻厂军代表为主要力量的使用方质量监督工作提出了几条具体做法。