现代电视中音响技术的应用

本文介绍了电视机中伴音系统的发展,从传统的伴音系统发展成“双伴音/立体声”方式,出现了丽音系统,形成了同保真立体声效果。然后又引入了环绕声技术,以及全数字处理方式,达到了真正的音响效果。文中给出了实现其功能的典型电路,以及今后的伴音发展趋势。     

一种数字式无汞气压计的检定

以二等液体压力计做标准器，介绍数字式无汞气压计的检定及其检定数据的处理方法。     

我国航空工艺设备成果及其转化措施

本文分析了国内外机床业的发展现状，介绍了近十几年来我国航空工艺设备研究的成果，并就当前形势下如何做好这些成果的转化工作提出了措施     

Evaluation of simulation-based training for aircraft carrier marshalling with learning cubic and Kirkpatrick’s models

Simulation-based training is a promising way to train a carrier flight deck crew because of the complex and dangerous working environment. Quantitative evaluation of simulation-based training quality is vital to make simulation-based training practical for aircraft carrier marshalling.This paper develops a personal computer-based aircraft carrier marshalling simulation system and a cave automatic virtual environment(CAVE)-based immersive environment. In order to compare the training effectiveness of simulation-based training and paper-based training, a learning cubic model is proposed and a contrast experiment is carried out as well. The experimental data is analyzed based on a simplified Kirkpatrick’s model. The results show that simulation-based training is better than paper-based training by 26.80% after three rounds of testing, which prove the effectiveness of simulation-based aircraft carrier marshalling training.     

Effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings

The present work examines the effects of cerium salts on corrosion behaviors of Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings. The Si–Zr hybrid sol–gel coatings on a 2A12 aluminum substrate were prepared through hydrolysis and condensation of glycidoxypropyl-trimethoxy-silane(GTMS) and zirconium(IV) n-propoxide(TPOZ). Used as inhibitors for corrosion, three types of cerium salts(Ce(NO_3)_3, CeCl_3, and Ce(CH_3COO)_3) were doped into the sol–gel coatings. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were employed to investigate the structures and morphologies of various coatings, and the corrosion resistances of the coatings were evaluated by electrochemical methods and neutral salt spray tests. Experimental results indicate that the addition of cerium salts can hinder the process of corrosion due to their self-healing abilities. Furthermore, the sol–gel coating doped with Ce(CH_3COO)_3 has the best corrosion resistance because of the promotions of hydrolysis and condensation provided by CH_3COO.     

民机复合材料等同性验证方法及二类错误控制研究

在民用复合材料飞机的制造和适航审定过程中,复合材料等同性验证在新材料替代原材料后的适航认证方面发挥重要作用。基于复合材料等同性的验证原理,针对控制复合材料性能的关键参数,研究了等同性的验证方法。运用假设检验的方法,推导了复合材料等同性中第二类错误的理论分析方法,并提出和讨论了降低犯第二类错误概率的措施。研究表明:通常利用统计检验来比较新材料与原材料在关键性能上的差异程度以判定材料是否等同;在目前的复合材料等同性检验中,除了注意第一类错误的控制,更应该重视危害性更大的第二类错误;而增大试验样本数量能够有效降低犯第二类错误的概率;针对复合材料在民用飞机中的应用位置和受力情况来控制犯第二类错误的概率,选择等同性试验样本数量,以达到在等同性验证中既控制第二类错误又降低验证成本的目的。     

表面疲劳裂纹监测系统研制

首先介绍了直流电位法－裂纹扩展片检测裂纹的方法和原理。根据直流电位法原理,采用裂纹扩展片测试裂纹的方法。研制了表面疲裂纹监测系统。通过监测系统软件设计,实现对采样数据,波形和图形进行实时屏幕显示,对表面疲劳裂纹扩展进行动态监视。对于不同应力水平作用下的循环时间可计时累加并再现,可为疲劳裂纹形成寿命的预测提供依据。     

基于前缘缝翼微型后缘装置的多段翼型被动流动控制

以麦道航空公司的三段增升构型为研究模型,采用剪切应力输运(SST)k-ω湍流模型在C-H型多块结构网格上求解二维非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,研究了前缘缝翼微型后缘装置(MTED)在多段翼型被动流动控制中的应用。由于MTED改变了实际的缝翼缝道参数,因此首先研究了作为主要改变量的缝道宽度对该三段翼型气动性能的影响,当缝道宽度从参考构型的2.95%c增加至3.98%c时,最大总升力系数约减小4.61%。当在不同缝道宽度基本构型上增加相同MTED时,计算结果表明它对各个翼段的影响定性一致,即前缘缝翼升力增加、主翼升力减小以及后缘襟翼升力基本不变化。这些升力变化的综合作用是:MTED构型线性段总升力系数的变化不大,失速段的变化取决于缝道宽度,当缝道宽度为3.98%c时,高度为0.50%c的MTED构型的最大总升力系数约增加6.98%。     

Change rules of a stratospheric airship's envelope shape during ascent process

Stratospheric airship is a special near-space air vehicle, and has more advantages than other air vehicles, such as long endurance, strong survival ability, excellent resolution, low cost, and so on, which make it an ideal stratospheric platform. It is of great significance to choose a rea-sonable and effective way to launch a stratospheric airship to the space for both academic research and engineering applications. In this paper, the non-forming launch way is studied and the method of differential pressure gradient is used to study the change rules of the airship's envelope shape dur-ing the ascent process. Numerical simulation results show that the head of the envelope will main-tain the inflatable shape and the envelope under the zero-pressure level will be compressed into a wide range of wrinkles during the ascent process. The airship's envelope will expand with the ascent of the airship and the position of the zero-pressure level will move downward constantly. At the same time, the envelope will gradually form a certain degree of stiffness under the action of the inner and external differential pressure. The experimental results agree well with the analytical results, which shows that the non-forming launch way is effective and reliable, and the analytical method has exactness and feasibility.     

二维波动板流动显示方法研究

介绍了在水洞中进行的二维波动板周围流场的流动显示实验。通过氢气泡、粒子示踪法和粒子成像速度仪三种方法定量和定性地显示了二维波动板周围的流场结构。揭示了特征参数C／U与流场特性的关系,探讨了鱼类波状摆动对流动分离的抑制机理。同时还对三种不同的流动显示技术进行了探讨。