卫星转发器载波互调噪声比的工程计算

阐述了卫星转发器在多载波工作时载波互调噪声比的工程计算方法，并给出了一个实际的计算例子。     

卫星转发器中三阶互调产物数量的精确计算

阐述了对具有任意功率谱形状、任意数量载波产生的三阶互调产物数量，给出了实用有效的计算方法。实际上，我们是基于离散三阶Ｖｏｌｔｅｒｒａ模型，系统地论述了在选定位置上对三阶产物数量的计算步骤。     

超声速射流对挡流板的冲击流场的数值模拟

采用数值分析方法分析了跨声速喷管无粘流动和超声速射流对挡流板的冲击流场。该方法是对激波流动添加了显式人工粘性项，控制方程仍为Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程，采用ＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋ二阶显式预后－校正差分格式求解。     

The biological component of the life support system for a Martian expedition.

Ground-based experiments at RF SSC-IBMP RAS (State Science Center of Russian Federation--Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academia of Science) were aimed at overall studies of a human-unicellular algae-mineralization LSS (life support system) model. The system was 15 m3 in volume. It contained 45 L of algal suspension with a dry substance density of 10-12 g per liter; water volume, including the algal suspension, was 59 L. More sophisticated model systems with partial substitution of unicellular algae with higher plates (crop area of 15 m2) were tested in three experiments from 1.5 to 2 months in duration. The experiments demonstrated that LSS employing the unicellular algae play not only a macrofunction (regeneration of atmosphere and water) but also carry some other functions (purification of atmosphere, formation of microbial cenosis etc.) providing an adequate human environment. It is also important that functional reliability of the algal regenerative subsystem is secured by a huge number of cells able, in the event of death of a part of population, to recover in the shortest possible time the size of population and, hence, functionality of the LSS autotrophic component. For a long period of time a Martian crew will be detached from Earth's biosphere and for this reason LSS of their vehicle must be highly reliable, robust and redundant. One of the approaches to LSS redundancy is installation of two systems with different but equally efficient regeneration technologies, i.e. physical-chemical and biological. At best, these two systems should operate in parallel sharing the function of regeneration of the human environment. In case of failure or a sharp deterioration in performance of one system the other will, by way of redundancy, increase its throughput to make up for the loss. This LSS design will enable simultaneous handling of a number of critical problems including adequate satisfaction of human environmental needs.     

深空探测光量子通信信道的主要参数

深空探测器距离地球路程遥远,保持探测器与地面站高效、实时的信息通信,将探测器采集的科学数据及时、完整地传输回地球,是亟待解决的问题。量子通信可以在确保信息安全、增大信息容量以及提高检测精度等方面突破经典通信的物理极限,研究量子通信在深空探测中的应用意义非常。通过对深空量子通信信道的研究与分析仿真,得到光束发射角、接收器口径、收发端距离等与可靠量子通信的关系,为深空量子通信的工程实现提供设计、仿真依据。     

A robust solution for hesitate phenomenon in pick up process of aerospace electromagnetic relay

As for aerospace electromagnetic relay (AEMR) which is of small batches and having difficulty in automatic production, the uncertainty phenomenon is remarkable due to excessive manual work involved in the assembly and adjustment processes. This kind of uncertainty may increase the coil voltage difference (CVD) caused by hesitate phenomenon in the pick up process of AEMR. Taking a certain type of AEMR for example, the CVD problem in the actual producing process has been studied in this paper. The primary cause of this issue, two-steps of armature motion (namely hesitate phenomenon) in the pick up process, has been found by analyzing the matching characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical torques of AEMR. Through the optimization of the matching characteristics, the two-steps of armature motion problem is solved by robust design of the return reed which is a key part of AEMR. The validity of this research has been proved by the comparison of characteristics of AMER before and after the optimization.     

Influence of thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations

Vortex-acoustic coupling is one of the most important potential sources of combustion instability in solid rocket motors (SRMs). Based on the Von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics (VKI) experimental motor, the influence of the thermal inhibitor position and temperature on vortex-shedding-driven pressure oscillations is numerically studied via the large eddy simulation (LES) method. The simulation results demonstrate that vortex shedding is a periodic process and its accurate frequency can be numerically obtained. Acoustic modes could be easily excited by vortex shedding. The vortex shedding frequency and second acoustic frequency dominate the pressure oscillation characteristics in the chamber. Thermal inhibitor position and gas temperature have little effect on vortex shedding frequency, but have great impact on pressure oscillation amplitude. Pressure amplitude is much higher when the thermal inhibitor locates at the acoustic velocity anti-nodes. The farther the thermal inhibitor is to the nozzle head, the more vortex energy would be dissipated by the turbulence. Therefore, the vortex shedding amplitude at the second acoustic velocity antinode near 3/4L (L is chamber length) is larger than those of others. Besides, the natural acoustic frequencies increase with the gas temperature. As the vortex shedding frequency departs from the natural acoustic frequency, the vortex-acoustic feedback loop is decoupled. Consequently, both the vortex shedding and acoustic amplitudes decrease rapidly.     

Fast approximate maximum likelihood period estimation from incomplete timing data

 To estimate the period of a periodic point process from noisy and incomplete observations, the classical periodogram algorithm is modified. The original periodogram algorithm yields an estimate by performing grid search of the peak of a spectrum, which is equivalent to the periodogram of the periodic point process, thus its performance is found to be sensitive to the chosen grid spacing. This paper derives a novel grid spacing formula, after finding a lower bound of the width of the spectral mainlobe. By employing this formula, the proposed new estimator can determine an appropriate grid spacing adaptively, and is able to yield approximate maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) with a computational complexity of O(n²). Experimental results prove that the proposed estimator can achieve better trade-off between statistical accuracy and complexity, as compared to existing methods. Simulations also show that the derived grid spacing formula is also applicable to other estimators that operate similarly by grid search.     

氮化硼陶瓷前驱体的制备及表征

以三氯化硼和六甲基二硅氮烷为原料制备了聚硼氮烷预聚体,再经高分子化制备了可溶的氮化硼陶瓷前驱体—聚硼氮烷.该法合成工艺简单,反应温和.采用凝胶渗透色谱、核磁共振氢谱、傅里叶红外光谱、热失重分析仪、元素分析等对预聚体高分子化过程中的分子量变化、高分子化机理、聚硼氮烷的裂解过程、所得陶瓷的元素组成进行了研究.结果表明,高分子化过程中主要发生了六甲基二硅氮烷脱除和转氨基反应.所得聚硼氮烷重均分子量为7 582,氮气下1 000℃时的陶瓷产率为41.6 wt％,陶瓷化转变主要发生在400～600℃,800℃时陶瓷化转变基本进行完毕,800℃氨气下裂解得到低C含量的白色氮化硼陶瓷,进一步在1 500℃氩气中裂解可得到结晶度较高的氮化硼陶瓷.     

一种无人机罗差修正方法

栽体磁场的干扰是导致地磁导航精度较低的主要因素,在对无人机载体磁场干扰地磁场产生的地磁测量误差简要分析的基础上,将小姿态时地磁匹配导航采用的12系数误差补偿模型引入一种无人机地磁定向导航的罗差修正.在静态条件下,利用无磁转台分别获取无人机在±30°姿态角范围内有无干扰源的磁测数据.实验数据分析表明,通过补偿,栽体航向角在±5°范围内其误差均方差由2.174°下降到0.350°,其余角度下航向角误差均方差则由2.282°下降到0.732°,满足无人机在大角度姿态飞行时航向稳定度优于±3°的要求.