开环FOG中PZT调制器的在线研究

从理论上分析了PZT(压电型)光纤相位调制器在开环FOG(光纤陀螺)中的应用特点,研究了它的调制系数和调制相位延迟变化对开环FOG性能的影响;并设计了两种独立的在线测试方法对它们进行了温度特性研究,利用所得数据,用最小二乘多项式拟合的方法分别得到了它们的温度模型.研究表明,在实验温度范围内,开环FOG的相位调制系数K_GP随温度呈线性变化,而调制相位延迟α随温度呈二次的变化.      

驱动轮结构参数对月球车牵引性能影响研究

研究在月球表面环境下月球车的牵引通过性能,对保证其正常探测工作具有重要意义.根据牵引性能的评价指标,在模拟月壤-车轮土槽测试系统上对不同结构参数的驱动轮牵引性能进行对比试验.结果表明,当增大驱动轮宽度和直径时,其挂钩牵引力和效率系数都呈增大趋势;增大驱动轮的轮刺高度,挂钩牵引力增大;当滑转率小于20%时,效率系数随着轮刺高度的增大而增大,而当滑转率大于20%时,效率系数随着轮刺高度的增大而减小;增大驱动轮轮刺密度时,其挂钩牵引力和效率系数随之先增大后减小.      

基于点线关系的透视图消隐算法

准确获取建筑物的三维形体信息,在军事和民用上都有非常重要的意义.针对建筑物三维形体获取过程中的消隐问题,提出了一种基于点线关系的三维透视图消隐算法.结合后向面判别法和光线投射算法,利用三维表面模型中点、线、面的遮挡关系和视平面域上的包含性规则,进行边界线段的显、隐程度检查,实现对模型的消隐处理.实验结果表明,该算法数据结构简单,建立的透视投影计算模型正确且消隐算法有效,为地形地物透视图的消隐提供了一种新的方法与支持手段.     

气溶胶光学特性偏振遥感反演算法

陆地上空大气顶的辐射主要由大气散射和地表反射组成,一般地表反射的贡献要大于大气散射的贡献,使得陆地上空气溶胶的特性提取非常困难,而偏振信息只强烈依赖于散射粒子的特性,发展基于偏振信息的气溶胶反演方法是非常有效的. 通过对矢量辐射传输方程求解进行研究,基于倍加累加法矢量辐射传输模式分析影响气溶胶反演的主要因素,确定多维参数查找表建立方法,利用POLDER(Polarization and Directionality of the Earth-s Reflectances)提供的反射率和偏振反射率数据,发展了一种利用反射率和偏振反射率查找表迭代查找反演气溶胶光学参数和地表反射率的算法,实现了对北京、香河、Dalanzadgad观测站上空气溶胶光学厚度、粒子半径、折射指数和地表反射率的反演.用AERONET(Aerosol Robotic Network)地基数据对反演结果进行了验证.     

平板型MLHP温度波动研究

环路热管(Loop Heat Pipe,LHP)是一种靠蒸发器的毛细芯产生毛细力驱动回路运行,利用工质相变来传递热量的高效传热装置。研制了一套平板式蒸发器、风冷式冷凝器的小型环路热管(MLHP),MLHP的毛细芯为500目不锈钢丝网,工质为丙酮,蒸发器、冷凝器以及所有管路均由紫铜制成。主要研究了平板型MLHP在不同热负荷条件下的温度波动特性,并重点研究了倾角以及充灌量等对MLHP系统温度波动的影响,且给出相应的合理解释。实验结果表明,平板式MLHP在2~3W/cm2热流密度区间范围内容易发生温度波动。     

Two-Way-Coupling Method for Rapid Aerothermoelastic Analyses of Hypersonic Wings

Several types of coupling methods for resolving aerothermoelastic problems associated with hypersonic wings are summarized,and the appropriate coupling methods for engineering calculations are selected.Then,the calculation and analysis methods for the subdisciplines in this field are introduced,and the time step issue is discussed.A two-way-coupling rapid static aerothermoelastic method for analyzing hypersonic wings is proposed.This method considers thermal effects and is used to conduct an aerothermoelastic response analysis for a hypersonic wing.In addition,the aerodynamic force,heat flux,structural deformation and temperature field are obtained.The following three conclusions are drawn.First,the heating effect has a significant impact on the static aeroelastic response of hypersonic wings;therefore,thermal protection shields are essential.Second,the application of thermal protection shields reduces the differences in the calculation results between the one-and two-way-coupling methods.Third,hypersonic wings exhibit large thermal deformation under high-temperature environments,and in certain cases,the thermal deformation is even larger than the deformation caused by aerodynamic force.     

Modeling and Optimal Design of Planar Linkage Mechanism of Coupled Joint Clearances for Manufacturing

The uncertainty of the mechanism motion error is mostly caused by the manufacturing process,so the motion error cannot be effectively predicted at the design phase.The problems of manufacturing complexity and the relationship between design and manufacturing are analyzed,and the influence of dimensional tolerance and fit tolerance on the motion accuracy of the system is considered in the design process.Then based on the Monte Carlo simulation,an optimal design model of planar linkage mechanism is set up.A typical offset slider-crank mechanism is used as an illustrative example to carry out the optimal design.Compared with the result of typical robustness design,the similar variation characteristics of the mean value and the standard deviation can be found,so the proposed method is effective.The method is furthermore applied in the optimization of the schemes with different fit tolerances and the prediction of motion errors in the design phase is achieved.A set of quantitative evaluation system for mechanism optimal design is provided.Finally,a basic strategy is presented to balance the motion precision and manufacturing cost.     

Local Path Planning and Tracking Control of Vehicle Collision Avoidance System

Automotive collision avoidance technology can effectively avoid the accidents caused by dangerous traffic conditions or driver's manipulation errors.Moreover,it can promote the development of autonomous driving for intelligent vehicle in intelligent transportation.We present a collision avoidance system,which is composed of an evasive trajectory planner and a path following controller.Considering the stability of the vehicle in the conflict-free process,the evasive trajectory planner is designed by polynomial parametric method and optimized by genetic algorithm.The path following controller is proposed to make the car drive along the designed path by controlling the vehicle's lateral movement.Simulation results show that the vehicle with the proposed controller has good stability in the collision process,and it can ensure the vehicle driving in accordance with the planned trajectory at different speeds.The research results can provide a certain basis for the research and development of automotive collision avoidance technology.     

航天器视场遮挡分析方法研究

敏感器视场遮挡分析是航天器构型布局设计的重要组成部分,针对大型在轨变构型航天器敏感器视场遮挡分析工作量大、出错率高、遮挡率无法量化等特点,本文提出一种基于敏感器第一视角的视场遮挡快速分析方法。该方法通过设置第一视角图像蒙版及图像映射,模拟方锥形、圆锥形、球形等各类敏感器视场,通过逐个像素比对,计算视场遮挡率和遮挡方位。使用此方法建立了空间站敏感器视场遮挡分析系统,结果表明新方法能够显著提高视场遮挡分析效率和准确率,并且为机构类部件运动过程对敏感器视场遮挡的分析提供了有效工具。     

针对旋翼流场模拟的自适应网格算法

针对基于格心格式求解器的旋翼流场模拟,提出了相应的自适应笛卡尔网格的数据存储结构及自适应算法。给出了相应的单元处理策略,简化了对自适应笛卡尔网格的处理;对于频繁的自适应加密过程中产生的大量重复点,采用了高效的交替数字树算法(Alternating digital tree,ADT)予以删除;对于自适应疏化过程中产生的大量无用点,提出了标记-删除-移动(Mark,delete,move,MDM)算法予以快速地删除,减少了不必要的计算资源消耗。对CaradonnaTung旋翼在不同悬停状态下进行了模拟验证,对比了压力分布系数与桨尖涡位置。之后对HELISHAPE 7A旋翼在前飞情况下进行了模拟验证,计算值与实验值吻合。此外,求解器对桨尖涡的捕捉效果得到了明显的提高,表明本文方法具有良好的有效性与鲁棒性。