基于傅里叶频谱法的伪装效果评价

针对目前伪装效果评价方法指标单一、不够客观准确等问题,提出一种基于傅里叶变换的纹理分析方法,并通过仿真实验,初步证明了该方法的科学性和有效性。     

溶液法制备PVDF薄膜电活性相方法

为了制备具有电活性相的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)薄膜,采用了简单易操作的溶液涂膜方法,并研究了不同前驱体溶液浓度、搅拌时间以及热压工艺对PVDF不同电活性相的晶型结构形成的影响,利用X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对PVDF薄膜的晶型结构进行分析.结果表明:前驱体溶液浓度7%~10%,搅拌时间2~3h都有利于β相的形成,利用红外光谱,可以计算β相的含量,在前驱体溶液浓度7%,搅拌时间2h时得到最大的β相含量81.3%;热压对PVDF薄膜的晶型结构有很大的影响,经过热压处理的PVDF薄膜中γ相转变成更加致密的β相.      

一种基于石墨烯的脉冲星导航X射线探测器

针对脉冲星导航要求X射线探测器具有高能量分辨率和高时间分辨率的需求,研究基于石墨烯电场效应来实现X射线探测的可行性。通过蒙特卡罗方法模拟不同能量X射线和不同厚度探测器基底的相互作用过程,得到不同厚度探测器对X射线的探测效率。利用有限元方法分析X射线在探测器内电离产生载流子的输运过程,验证了X射线入射对石墨烯电学特性的影响。理论分析计算探测器的时间分辨率和能量分辨率等指标参数,结果表明：基于石墨烯电场效应的X射线探测器具有较高的能量分辨率和时间分辨率,是一种潜力巨大的X射线探测方式,可满足未来脉冲星导航的工程应用。     

突然启动流动问题:从不可压到高超声速流动

突然启动流动问题在气动弹性、扑翼飞行和机动飞行中有重要应用价值。鉴于此,对突然启动流动问题涉及的流动与升力演化机制和理论分析方法进行统一介绍并指出目前的理论空白。比较性地介绍了升力随时间变化的原因、预测升力演化的理论方法和主要变化规律。从中发现,不可压缩和可压缩突然启动问题存在各自独立的研究方法与结论,因此进行统一介绍与分析对建立二者之间的关联有指导意义。同时指出,大迎角可压缩突然启动问题尚无理论分析方法和研究结果。作为一项补充研究,采用数值计算发现一个之前尚未报道的现象,即升力系数首先从较低值快速增加至一个峰值,接着快速下降,趋于定常值。该文综述介绍的方法可用于分析突然启动问题升力演化规律。     

Optimization design of satellite separation systems based on Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm

The separation systems are crucial for the launch of satellites. With respect to the existing design issues of satellite separation systems, an optimization design approach based on Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm is proposed, and a hierarchical optimization of system mass and separation angular velocity is designed. Multi-Island Genetic Algorithm is studied for the problem and the optimization parameters are discussed. Dynamic analysis of ADAMS used to validate the designs is integrated with iSIGHT. Then the optimization method is employed for a typical problem using the helical compression spring mechanism, and the corresponding objective functions are derived. It turns out that the mass of compression spring catapult is decreased by 30.7% after optimization and the angular velocity can be minimized considering spring stiffness errors. Moreover, ground tests and on-orbit flight indicate that the error of separation speed is controlled within 1% and the angular velocity is reduced by nearly 90%, which proves the design result and the optimization approach.     

Study of the 2013 Lushan M7.0 earthquake coseismic ionospheric disturbances

On April 20, 2013, an earthquake of M7.0 occurred in Lushan, Sichuan province, China. This paper investigates the coseismic ionospheric anomalies using GPS (Global Positioning System) data from 23 reference stations in Sichuan province that are a part of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). The recorded results show that a clear ionospheric anomaly occurred within 15 min after the earthquake near the epicenter, and the occurrence time of the anomalies recorded by various stations is related to the distance from the epicenter. The maximum anomaly is 0.25 TECu, with a 2 min duration and the distance of the recording station to the epicenter is 83 km. Acoustic waves generated by the crustal vertical movement during the earthquake propagate up to the height of the ionosphere lead to the ionospheric anomaly, and the propagation speed of the acoustic wave is calculated as 0.72 ± 0.04 km/s based on the propagation time and propagation distance, consistent with the average speed of sound waves within a 0–450 km atmospheric height.     

航天器真空热试验测控系统软件结构设计与建模

统一建模语言（Unified Modeling Language,简称UML）是面向对象软件开发方法的重要技术,使用UML对软件系统进行建模研究,有利于提高软件开发的效率和可重用性等。文章给出了真空热试验测控系统软件架构和主要模块的结构设计,并利用Rational Rose结合UML对测控软件进行分析建模和设计。     

Adaptive Nonlinear Optimal Compensation Control for Electro-hydraulic Load Simulator

 Directing to the strong position coupling problem of electro-hydraulic load simulator (EHLS), this article presents an adap-tive nonlinear optimal compensation control strategy based on two estimated nonlinear parameters, viz. the flow gain coeffi-cient of servo valve and total factors of flow-pressure coefficient. Taking trace error of torque control system to zero as control object, this article designs the adaptive nonlinear optimal compensation control strategy, which regards torque control output of closed-loop controller converging to zero as the control target, to optimize torque tracking performance. Electro-hydraulic load simulator is a typical case of the torque system which is strongly coupled with a hydraulic positioning system. This article firstly builds and analyzes the mathematical models of hydraulic torque and positioning system, then designs an adaptive nonlinear optimal compensation controller, proves the validity of parameters estimation, and shows the comparison data among three control structures with various typical operating conditions, including proportion-integral-derivative (PID) controller only, the velocity synchronizing controller plus PID controller and the proposed adaptive nonlinear optimal compensation controller plus PID controller. Experimental results show that systems’ nonlinear parameters are estimated exactly using the proposed method, and the trace accuracy of the torque system is greatly enhanced by adaptive nonlinear optimal compensation control, and the torque servo system capability against sudden disturbance can be greatly improved.     

激光焊接ZL114A/5A06 异种铝合金接头组织及性能

采用激光焊接ZL114A/5A06异种铝合金,通过参数优化以获得性能优良的焊接接头,利用光学显微镜(OM)、拉力试验机、高温疲劳试验机、SEM和EDS对接头的显微组织、力学性能和拉伸断口进行了研究。结果表明:焊缝中心区的金相组织为等轴晶;接头焊后不经热处理,抗拉强度可达到265 MPa,为母材强度的80%以上,并有很好的抗疲劳性能;断口分析显示断裂位置在ZL114A母材一侧的熔合线附近;在保证焊透的前提下,激光功率越小,晶粒越细小,接头强度越高。对框架蒙皮结构铝合金贮箱产品试验件进行了焊接,试验件达到了产品各项性能指标要求。     

基于过程神经网络的液体火箭发动机状态预测

提出一种基于极限学习算法的离散过程神经网络模型,用于解决液体火箭发动机状态预测这一难题。首先,在历史数据的基础上建立离散过程神经网络（DPNN）预测模型;然后,根据在线更新的数据样本,采用递推极限学习（EL）算法对双并联前馈离散过程神经网络（DPFDPNN）隐层到输出层的权值进行更新,并应用权值更新后的过程神经网络对发动机状态进行预测;最后,以液体火箭发动机状态预测中氢涡轮泵扬程预测为例,分别采用有权值更新和无权值更新两种预测模型进行了试验。结果表明,通过更新过程神经网络权值可以使模型具有更高的预测精度和更好的适应能力,该方法能够为液体火箭发动机状态预测提供一种有效的解决途径。