计算中心微机系统的安全运行

计算机病毒和各种人为因素的破坏，严重地影响着计算机系统的正常运行，本文提出并讨论了一些微机安全运行的技术方法，特别是硬盘“只读不写”技术的应用。这些方法能较有效地防止病毒的感染和各种人为因素的破坏，保证了微机系统的安全运行，具有一定的推广价值和实用意义。     

Heavy-ion induced genetic changes and evolution processes.

On Moon and Mars, there will be more galactic cosmic rays and higher radiation doses than on earth. Our experimental studies showed that heavy ion radiation can effectively cause mutation and chromosome aberrations and that high-LET heavy-ion induced mutants can be irreversible. Chromosome translocations and deletions are common in cells irradiated by heavy particles, and ionizing radiations are effective in causing hyperploidy. The importance of the genetic changes in the evolution of life is an interesting question. Through evolution, there is an increase of DNA content in cells from lower forms of life to higher organisms. The DNA content, however, reached a plateau in vertebrates. By increasing DNA content, there can be an increase of information in the cell. For a given DNA content, the quality of information can be changed by rearranging the DNA. Because radiation can cause hyperploidy, an increase of DNA content in cells, and can induce DNA rearrangement, it is likely that the evolution of life on Mars will be effected by its radiation environment. A simple analysis shows that the radiation level on Mars may cause a mutation frequency comparable to that of the spontaneous mutation rate on Earth. To the extent that mutation plays a role in adaptation, radiation alone on Mars may thus provide sufficient mutation for the evolution of life.     

晚清修律对封建正统法律思想的改易

自汉朝以来，以儒家法律思想为主的封建正统法律思想在中国法律史上一直处于独尊独尚的地位。然而，清廷统治的最后十年，一场史无前例的变法修律，却首开吸收西方资产阶级法律思想入律之先河，第一次对封建正统法律思想的根本原则，基本内容等进行了突破、改易。尽管这些突破是有限的，但它足以表明晚清修律终于结束了两千多年来封建正统法律思想的垄断统治，终于使中国古代法律冲破了旧的樊篱，迈上了近现代型的历史轨道，为新的法律思想的发展完善开拓出了广阔的空间。     

跨音速细长体三维分离的数值研究

本文数值模拟了半球柱在跨音速、中等攻角时的粘性层流绕流，研究了流场中的复杂三维分离形态结构，其中包含流向与横向的主分离、二次分离、以及激波边界层的相互干扰，解释了在球柱接合部精确捕获的压力波动与流动主分离、二次分离的影响关系，这个现象是前人的计算［５，６］未捕捉到的。     

Deceleration and heating constrained footprint of shuttle vehicles

With increasing frequency in shuttle operation, it is of interest to have more than one or two landing fields within the boundary of the reachable area of the reentry vehicle. This boundary, called the footprint, depends on the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle and is severely restricted by the deceleration and heating constraints imposed upon the atmospheric reentry trajectory. This paper gives a general assessment of the footprint as a function of various deceleration and heating constraints. The difficulties in the computation of the three-dimensional reentry trajectories with optimal modulation in both the angle-of-attack and the bank angle are alleviated by the following devices: (a) nondimensionalizing of the equations of motion and use of the density as the altitude variable; (b) use of the classical integrals of the motion; (c) transformation of the adjoint variables into physical variables; and (d) spherical rotation of the coordinates.     

圆度仪被测工件的自动对中

对Ｙ９０２５—Ｂ型圆度仪中被测工件的自动对中部分作了较为详细的介绍，其中包括基本工作原理、数据采集、电机控制及有关的软件框图等。该系统能自动把被测工件的偏心调至微米级。     

气动伺服弹性研究的进展与挑战

飞机、导弹等飞行器的气动伺服弹性(ASE)问题源于空气动力、结构弹性以及控制系统之间的复杂耦合。随着飞行器朝着结构更轻、速度更快、性能更好的目标发展,该问题日益突出,直接影响飞行安全与性能。经过六十余年的研究,国内外在ASE分析、综合与试验方面取得了卓有成效的进展。近十余年来,若干新问题因非常规构型飞行器设计的发展而暴露出来,对ASE研究施加巨大挑战,值得重点分析。鉴于此,讨论了ASE分析中的刚弹耦合、非线性、推力矢量以及系统辨识等问题,对ASE综合中的阵风减缓、颤振主动控制和ASE优化问题加以阐述,强调了ASE试验中需要重视的技术,简要介绍了近十余年国外代表性的ASE试验项目案例,指出了一些ASE研究的新动向,并对国内的ASE研究给出了建议。     

高旋转数下45°斜肋回转通道平均换热特性研究

为了更加深入地研究涡轮叶片回转通道的换热特性,研究了高旋转数下带45°斜肋回转通道的平均换热特性。在通道进口雷诺数从10000~70000,旋转数从0~2.07的范围内,实验研究了旋转状态下,方形截面带45°斜肋U型通道径向出流与径向入流两个流程四个侧面在0°,22.5°和45°三个安装角下的平均换热系数。研究结果表明:45°斜肋增强了通道换热,减弱了旋转对换热的影响;由于浮升力作用在肋间二次流上,导致通道内外侧出现临界回流现象;转角减弱了第一通道旋转对换热的影响,增强了第二通道旋转对换热的影响,其影响在低旋转数下并不显著,在高旋转数下开始变得明显。     

大型客机一体化试飞改装设计方法研究

研究了大型客机试飞改装的要求和特点,提出了一体化试飞改装的设计方法,结合其在型号研制过程中的具体应用情况,具体阐述了一体化改装设计的方法及关键技术点。