基于层次分析法的飞行模拟训练评价体系设计

为科学完善地描述飞行模拟训练中的应急处置程序,提升飞行员专业驾驶技术水平,本文提出飞行模拟训练评价体系,并通过层次分析法构造3阶判断矩阵,检测矩阵一致性指标为0.037,具有可接受性;并采用关联度进行数据分析量化计算,为飞行训练考核标准奠定理论基础。     

多机并联火箭羽流流场及其底部热环境分析

For the problem that the plume flow field structure of a multi engine parallel rocket is complicated and the bottom thermal environment is extremely harsh, which may cause the failure of the engine structural components, the plume flow field and thermal environment at different altitudes are studied through numerical simulation. The result is compared with the measured results in flight which shows that when the rocket is flying at a low altitude, the plume of the engines do not interfere with each other. As the flight altitude increases, the plumes gradually expand and begin to interfere with each other, and finally there is an obvious backflow at the bottom of the rocket. The maximum heat flux at the moment of take off is basically the same as the measured value in flight. Before the backflow occurs, the heat flux mainly consists of radiant heat, the convective heat flow increases as the flight altitude grows, but it is also much smaller than the peak heat flow at takeoff. The result has certain guiding significance for the optimal design of engine structure thermal protection.     

Early analysis of precise orbit and clock offset determination for the satellites of the global BeiDou-3 system

Eight new-generation BeiDou satellites (BeiDou-3) have been launched into Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), allowing for global coverage since March 2018, and they are equipped with new hydrogen atomic clocks and updated rubidium clocks. Firstly, we analyzed the signals for the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath (MP) by using international GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) station data, and found that B1C has a lower C/N0, and B2a has the same level of C/N0 as the B1I and B3I signals. For pseudorange multipath, compared with the BeiDou-2 satellites, the obvious systematic variation of MP scatters related to the elevation angle is greatly improved for the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e satellites signals. For the signals of the BeiDou-3 satellites, the order of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of multipath and noise is B3I?<?B1I?<?B2a?<?B1C. Then, the comparison of the precise orbit determination and clock offset determination for the BeiDou-2, BeiDou-3, and BeiDou-3 experimental (BeiDou-3e) satellites was done by using 10 stations from iGMAS. The 3D precision of the 24?h orbit overlap is 24.55, 25.61, and 23.35?cm for the BeiDou-3, BeiDou-3e, and BeiDou-2 satellites, respectively. BeiDou-3 satellite has a comparable precision to that of the BeiDou-2 satellite. For the precision of clock offset estimation, the Standard Deviation (STD) of the BeiDou-3 MEO satellite is 0.350?ns, which is an improvement of 0.042?ns over that of the BeiDou-2 MEO satellite. The stabilities of the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e onboard clocks are better than those of BeiDou-2 by factors of 2.84 and 1.61 at an averaging time of 1000 and 10,000?s, respectively.     

“三美论”下的《红楼梦》“雪景联诗”两英译本赏析

许渊冲教授提出的"三美"翻译理论对于诗歌翻译具有重要的指导作用。从"三美"原则出发,分别以Hawks David及杨宪益、戴乃迭的《红楼梦》译本中"雪景联诗"为研究对象,通过对比分析探讨其得与失,旨在为中国古典诗歌翻译提供一些可供借鉴的方法。     

均匀各向同性大气湍流对声爆传播特性的影响

基于离散Fourier模态有限和生成的随机大气湍流场，采用修正波形参数方法，开展了均匀各向同性大气湍流对典型超声速客机声爆传播特性的影响分析。计算采用的超声速客机模型为自行生成的简化超声速公务机模型。首先，应用航空工业空气动力研究院自主研制的CFD软件ARI_Overset在三维空间求解Navier-Stokes方程，得到作为声爆远场传播初始值的近场空间压力分布；其次，基于Von Karman能量谱，采用离散Fourier模态有限和形式生成随机均匀各向同性大气湍流场；最后，采用修正波形参数方法模拟了声爆信号在随机速度湍流场中的传播过程。数值结果表明：各向同性大气湍流对于地面声爆特征有重要影响。与无湍流状态相比，均匀各向同性大气湍流使得地面声爆特征增强的概率约为55%，使得地面声爆特征减弱的概率约为45%，故总体而言大气湍流效应更倾向于增强地面声爆特征；均匀各向同性大气湍流对于声爆传播路径影响相对较小，但是这一变化仍会导致地面信号接收点的不确定性。     

热力学排气系统中节流效应及其冷量利用分析

为更好地理解热力学排气系统(TVS)的运行机理，优化其运行参数，针对节流装置，建立了热力学模型，讨论了节流过程中状态参数的变化规律，对比了单相气体、单相液体节流的性能特性，进一步揭示了焦汤节流效应的原理，分析了不同节流背压下节流前低温工质(液氢和液氧)压力和温度对节流性能的影响，并结合TVS实际应用，阐述了节流最大制冷量的利用效果，提出了优化的TVS工作区间。研究表明：在节流过程不发生相变情况下单相气体节流制冷效应要比单相液体节流制冷效应更加显著；而在节流过程发生相变情况下液体节流至两相后，由于空化吸热导致流体温度降低，对于液氢，0.5MPa的压降可产生接近3 K的温降。对于液体节流，节流前压力对节流过程影响可忽略，〖JP2〗而节流前温度和节流背压对节流过程起主导作用；对于液氢在在轨运行工况下，考虑到节流制冷量的充分利用，同时保证换热过程体积含气率不高于90%，推荐TVS系统中节流背压范围为75～143 kPa。     

涡脱落撞击潜入式喷管引起低频压力振荡研究

通过不同障碍高和不同加质的冷流数值模拟,着重研究碰撞频率（碰撞处压力振荡频率）与强度(碰撞处p_rms/p_mean)对于SRM内压力振荡幅频特性的作用程度。研究结果表明,SRM内压力振荡幅度与碰撞处的压力振荡大小为相同量级。当碰撞强度较小时,碰撞只起到增强声场的作用;当碰撞强度较大时,碰撞产生的压力振荡随碰撞强度的增加逐渐覆盖淹没声场。SRM内压力振荡的幅频特性主要由涡脱落碰撞强度决定,一般只呈现低频且具有非声非线性特征。     

砝码磁性测量过程中几何形状修正因子的计算与影响

通过一系列实验和数据,讨论用磁化率计法测量砝码磁性时各测量分量对砝码磁化率测量结果的影响,并着重分析了砝码几何形状修正因子的测量与确定,比较不同测量方式的特点,以求减少砝码磁性测量时的误差。     

李清照《醉花阴》赏析

李清照是北宋婉约派词人的代表作家,她的词刻画细腻,微妙的心理活动,表达丰富多样的感情体验,塑造鲜明、生动的艺术形象。《醉花阴》通过白日独坐,对花浅酌的场景,人花比瘦,刻画词人思念之情。