时变等离子鞘套相位抖动对GPS导航的影响

飞行器再入过程中产生的时变等离子鞘套会引起信号的时变衰减和相位抖动,其产生的相位抖动对调相体制的GPS导航系统必然产生影响。探讨了时变等离子鞘套引起信号相位抖动的机理,通过传输矩阵法计算了由时变等离子鞘套引起GPS导航信号的相位抖动的统计特性,结合Hilbert方法建立了受到相位抖动影响的GPS信号模型,研究了黑障发生前等离子鞘套的相位抖动对GPS导航的影响。仿真结果表明GPS导航受到影响的程度和相位抖动方差大小密切相关。在NASA数据下相位抖动方差为0.1142时,定位变化大于10m的最大比例超出了1.5%,大于5m的最大比例超出了14%。     

航天用安装铜导线熔断特性研究

文章研究了航天用安装铜导线的熔断特性与其过载电流的对应关系。首先通过物理模型获得铜导线的理论熔断特性曲线;再结合航天的实际使用条件,采用Shooting Method以及最小方差法对物理模型进行修正,获得等效热传导系数kq值;建立与kq值相关的熔断特性曲线,给出导线在大气环境和真空环境下长期通电不发生熔断的最大电流密度值。研究结果可为安全使用安装导线提供参考。     

基于TMSDG的民用飞机故障诊断隔离策略

 针对民用飞机排故时交互式故障诊断与隔离需求,在符号有向图(SDG)中补充状态节点的故障概率信息和未测状态表达,引入对测试节点的描述,提出了一种附带测试维修信息的SDG(TMSDG),给出了基于此模型的交互诊断流程。首先根据初始征兆获取可疑集,然后综合可靠性和测试代价等因素生成一种基于最小测试代价的诊断二叉树对初始可疑集进一步隔离。该模型能描述复杂系统中存在的状态关联和故障测试依赖关系,对其中故障进行交互式诊断和隔离指导。利用该方法建立了某飞机发动机高压引气的诊断模型,实验结果表明提出的方法有效。该方法适用于飞机的外场故障诊断与隔离。     

Turbulence, Magnetic Reconnection in Turbulent Fluids and Energetic Particle Acceleration

Turbulence is ubiquitous in astrophysics. It radically changes many astrophysical phenomena, in particular, the propagation and acceleration of cosmic rays. We present the modern understanding of compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, in particular its decomposition into Alfvén, slow and fast modes, discuss the density structure of turbulent subsonic and supersonic media, as well as other relevant regimes of astrophysical turbulence. All this information is essential for understanding the energetic particle acceleration that we discuss further in the review. For instance, we show how fast and slow modes accelerate energetic particles through the second order Fermi acceleration, while density fluctuations generate magnetic fields in pre-shock regions enabling the first order Fermi acceleration of high energy cosmic rays. Very importantly, however, the first order Fermi cosmic ray acceleration is also possible in sites of magnetic reconnection. In the presence of turbulence this reconnection gets fast and we present numerical evidence supporting the predictions of the Lazarian and Vishniac (Astrophys. J. 517:700–718, 1999) model of fast reconnection. The efficiency of this process suggests that magnetic reconnection can release substantial amounts of energy in short periods of time. As the particle tracing numerical simulations show that the particles can be efficiently accelerated during the reconnection, we argue that the process of magnetic reconnection may be much more important for particle acceleration than it is currently accepted. In particular, we discuss the acceleration arising from reconnection as a possible origin of the anomalous cosmic rays measured by Voyagers as well as the origin cosmic ray excess in the direction of Heliotail.     

载人航天器热控分系统噪声控制

随着载人航天器越来越复杂,热控分系统所用到的高速旋转设备越来越多,所产生的噪声将影响航天员的身体健康,因此载人航天器的噪声控制非常迫切。文章通过热控分系统的布局设计以及单机设备的降噪优化等措施,找到了有效降低整个载人航天器热控分系统噪声水平的方法,可供类似的载人航天项目的热控设计参考。     

用于深层充电评估的卫星介质电导率测量技术研究

准确测量得到卫星介质材料的电导率对于卫星深层充电危害评估具有重要意义。在电荷贮存衰减法的基础上,文章提出了一种获得介质材料暗电导率和辐射诱导电导率的试验测量和数值计算方法,即采用90Sr-90Y β放射源,在温度为20 ℃、束流密度为5 pA/cm2的条件下对卫星常用的聚酰亚胺材料进行辐照试验,通过测得的材料表面电位随时间的变化曲线,拟合得到材料的暗电导率和辐射诱导电导率。该方法已在某卫星产品的充电评估中得到应用,计算结果与模拟试验结果符合较好。     

Experimental investigation on ice-breaking performance of a novel plasma striker

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety.Recently, researches about a newly proposed deicing method based on Plasma Synthetic Jet Actuator(PSJA) have just started. To meet the requirements of in-flight deicing, structure of PSJA needs to be adjusted. This paper completed the detailed design and experimental validation of a novel plasma striker, which was a modified version of PSJA. Influences of mass of the moving part and rod shapes on the ice-br...     

高架运输索道的静力分析

根据柔索应变与位移的非线性几何关系以及自重作用与温度影响下的平衡方程,采用欧拉描述的坐标系统精确地求得了各点的位移和张力的一般解。由高架运输索道静力问题建立的非线性代数方程组应用改进的Powell混合算法编制的高精度DNEQNF程序直接进行求解。在例题中计算了索道在两端各种高度、跨度以及温度不同的情形并进行了分析。用本文的方法对高度相同的索道问题与其他学者用不同方法得到的结果进行了对比和讨论。     

分布式飞行控制半物理仿真系统设计

针对一般飞行控制半物理仿真系统中物理实物的确定性和不可替换性,提出了一种分布式结构半物理仿真系统方案。这种结构利用多台计算机分担模型解算任务,不但提高了数据处理的速度,而且使得各分系统的替换方便可行,仿真系统的半物理程度可灵活调节。系统还引入了以太网通讯,多线程机制和高精度定时技术来提高仿真系统实时性,最终实现了一个通用型的可远程启动和监控的飞行控制半物理仿真系统实验平台,取得了良好的仿真效果。     

外圆车削过程中的零件变形分析

由于弯曲变形的影响,在车削细长轴类零件时车削厚度随车削位置发生变化,使最终成型零件呈现两头小中间鼓起的木桶状,影响零件精度.本文从切削参数入手,从理论上预测了车削轴类零件的车削力和加工精度.