从审计责任的角度探讨审计的独立性

随着当前市场经济的发展，审计的监督作用已越来越重要。特别是民营企业和股份制公司的大力发展，使得有独立审计之称的民间审计的作用日益显著。从审计责任的角度出发对审计的独立性进行较为深入的探讨，以便我们加深对审计独立性的理解，把握审计独立性的实质和要核，更好地认识审计责任和审计独立性之间的联系，使审计更有效、更健康地发挥其作用。     

浅析基层图书馆实施"文化信息资源共享工程"的思考

全文以青海为例,针对基层图书馆在实施文化信息资源共享工程的现状及存在的诸多问题,并对"工程共享"建设提出了一些思考.     

利用流线法决定绕扁长椭球流动分离的位置

本文按照流线法把所测量的扁长椭球的压力分布用于决定涡层型三维流动分离,按边界层边缘处流线会聚的位置近似地决定分离线的位置。作为算例,计算了扁长椭球体在α=30°状态下的绕流,并在水洞中作了流场显示,数值结果和实验结果的对比表明,二者十分一致。分析表明,涡层型分离不仅与壁面极限流线的收敛有关,而且还与边界层边缘处流线会聚有关,前者的出现并不是引起涡层型流动分离的充要条件。     

Radio fine structures in dm–cm wavelength range associated with magnetic reconnection processes

Radio bursts with fine structures in decimetric–centimetric wave range are generally believed to manifest the primary energy release process during flare/CME events. By spectropolarimeters in 1–2 GHz, 2.6–3.8 GHz, and 5.2–7.6 GHz at NAOC/Huairou with very high temporal (1.25–8 ms) and spectral (4–20 MHz) resolutions, the zebra patterns, spikes, and new types of radio fine structures with mixed frequency drift features are observed during several significant flare/CME events. In this paper we will discuss the occurrence of radio fine structures during the impulsive phase of flares and/or CME initiations, which may be connected to the magnetic reconnection processes.     

安全阀性能检测系统的测量不确定度

分析了安全阀性能检测系统中的主要误差因素，对安全阀动作性能和排量系数的测量不确定度进行了初步计算。     

高频电磁波调制电离层产生ELF／VLF辐射的研究进展

回顾了利用大功率的高频电磁波调制电离层自然电流产生ELF/VLF电磁辐射的发展情况.介绍了典型加热设备的系统参数配置情况以及地面和卫星上检测ELF/VLF信号的实验结果.总结了提高ELF/VLF产生效率等问题的进展情况,尤其是"波束扫描"技术的理论研究和应用发展.提出了该技术下一步需要研究及解决的问题.     

A novel approach for predicting inlet pressure of aircraft hydraulic pumps under transient conditions

Cavitation caused by insufficient suction is a major factor that influences the life of aircraft pumps. Currently, pressurizing the tank can solve the cavitation problem under steady large-flow conditions. However, this method is not always effective under transient conditions (from zero flow to full flow in a very short time). Moreover, to apply and design other measures, such as a boost impeller, the suction dynamics during the transient period must be investigated. In this paper, a novel approach based on the pressure wave propagation theory is proposed for predicting the inlet pressure of an aircraft pump under transient conditions. First, a dynamic model of a typical aircraft pump is established in the form of differential equations. Then, the transient flow model of the inlet line is described using momentum and continuity equations, and the governing equations are discretized by the method of characteristics and the finite difference method. The simulated results are in good agreement with the results from verification tests. Further simulation analysis indicates that the wave velocity and transient time may influence the inlet and reservoir pressure as well as the size of the inlet line. Finally, solutions for upgrading the inlet pressure are discussed. These solutions provide guidelines for designing inlet installations.     

运载火箭姿态系统自适应神经网络容错控制

针对运载火箭姿态系统跟踪问题,考虑干扰、执行器故障和模型不确定因素的影响,设计了一种基于自适应神经网络的非线性容错控制律。该控制算法结合了连续的终端滑模控制,径向基神经网络和自适应控制方法。首先,基于滑模控制理论,设计了一种快速终端滑模面,保证系统跟踪误差能够在有限时间收敛至零。然后,在终端滑模面基础上,提出了一种基于自适应径向基神经网络估计的终端滑模控制律。利用自适应参数的神经网络逼近系统参数并提高抗干扰性能,采用平滑连续控制策略消除了终端滑模中的颤动现象。通过李雅普诺夫的分析方法证明了闭环系统的收敛性和全局稳定性。采用数值仿真,验证了提出的基于自适应径向基神经网络的终端滑模控制律具有较好的跟踪性能和精度。     

汽车车速传感器的电磁兼容设计

电磁兼容性作为汽车电器可靠性参数日益受到重视。针对汽车车速传感器所面临的电磁兼容问题提出了一种设计方案,应用该方案的车速传感器电磁兼容性测试结果符合速度传感器通用技术条件的整体误差标准,并在实际应用中获得了预期的效果。该电磁兼容设计方案对汽车中其他电子设备的电磁兼容性设计同样具有参考意义。     

线性尺寸未注公差标准演变及应用

从实际应用的角度出发，阐述了线性尺寸未注公差各标准的演变和主要特点，并提出了在机械加工应用中具有简明、省时、质优等特点。