立方星电源系统最大功率点跟踪优化控制方法

针对立方星在能量来源严重受限条件下如何提高太阳能利用率的难题,提出一种适用于立方星的集中供电式空间微电源架构(EPS),并设计基于改进粒子群优化算法的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略来提升能量转换效率。首先,推导太阳电池阵列的数学模型,并根据太阳电池阵列的工作特性,提出电源系统最大功率点跟踪控制的物理系统实现结构。其次,设计基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)的最大功率点跟踪控制算法,并进行了数学仿真校验。最后,对所设计的电源系统架构进行了硬件实现和试验验证。地面试验结果表明,电源系统的太阳能最大转换效率可达95.5%。该电源系统成功应用于世界首颗12U立方星“翱翔之星”的飞行试验,在轨数据表明电源系统工作状态良好,为微纳卫星电源系统的设计提供了有益参考。     

火星进入器作强迫震荡运动壁面脉动压力数值模拟

为研究超声速阶段进入器作强迫震荡运动对壁面脉动压力环境的影响规律,本文耦合进入器刚体运动方程与流体力学方程,采用动网格技术,对火星进入器模型开展非定常数值模拟,获取壁面不同位置处的脉动压力信息。研究表明：在超声速阶段,进入器作强迫震荡运动诱导的脉动压力远大于进入器保持相对静止时仅由非定常流动诱导的脉动压力。来流马赫数为1.2时,进入器作强迫震荡运动对脱体激波影响较小,脱体激波强度较弱且形态变化较小,攻角的震荡导致同一测点距离脱体激波的位置发生周期性改变,舱体迎风面及配平翼迎风面的脉动压力环境主要受攻角变化的影响;来流马赫数为3时,进入器作强迫震荡运动对脱体激波的影响较大,脱体激波震荡剧烈,诱导舱体迎风面及配平翼迎风面产生极其恶劣的脉动压力环境,功率谱分析表明激波震荡诱导的脉动压力能量主要集中在30 Hz左右。     

金属筒形谐振陀螺的频率修调技术研究

旋转对称结构的谐振陀螺与传统的陀螺相比,具有高寿命、高稳定性、结构简单等诸多优点,然而该种陀螺在加工制造过程中产生的各种误差以及密度应力不均等缺陷,使得谐振子产生频率裂解,严重影响了陀螺性能。国内外对于频率裂解消除的技术已有一定研究,但缺乏系统化的算法指导修调过程。针对一种金属筒形谐振陀螺,推导了一套系统直观、便于指导修调过程的频率修调算法,并通过仿真验证了该算法的实用性。最后,搭建了一套基于电磁激励、声波检测的频率修调系统,按照修调算法进行了修调实验,成功将谐振子频率裂解修调至0.04Hz。     

基于ATSUKF算法的卫星姿控系统故障估计

针对卫星姿态控制过程中可能发生的执行机构或敏感器故障,提出了一种基于无损卡尔曼滤波（UKF）及偏差分离原理的自适应二阶无损卡尔曼滤波（ATSUKF）算法。首先,提出TSUKF算法,通过UKF处理姿态机动时的非线性并通过偏差分离原理将非线性系统的状态及故障分别估计,避免非线性模型的线性化过程同时降低了计算过程中的矩阵维度。然后,在TSUKF算法的基础上提出了ATSUKF算法,通过滑动窗口内的残差计算自适应矩阵,使滤波器在统计特性不准确的情况下仍然具有较快的收敛速度,特别适用于卫星快速机动过程中的姿态与故障估计。数值仿真结果表明,ATSUKF算法相较于TSUKF算法能有效降低统计特性不准对系统造成的不利影响,实现卫星姿态、执行机构/敏感器故障的快速估计。     

基于模糊在线调整权重因子的三相六开关容错逆变器驱动异步电机FCSMPTC

为了进一步提高异步电机的控制性能,减小磁链和电流脉动,针对传统异步电机有限控制集模型预测转矩控制(FCSMPTC)中目标代价函数权重因子的配置问题,提出一种模糊在线调整权重因子的异步电机FCSMPTC方法。通过判断转矩和磁链误差,采用TakagiSugeno模糊控制方法实现对权重因子的动态调整,并给出了模糊论域和相应的模糊规则设计。同时考虑到三相异步电机驱动系统中逆变器开关故障给控制系统带来的影响,采用三相六开关容错控制策略对系统进行容错控制。仿真结果表明:该控制方法能够平滑磁链和电流输出,减小电流谐波。     

基于级联型逆变器的感应电机无速度传感器矢量控制

针对采用级联型逆变器的感应电机矢量控制系统,提出了基于反电动势的转速辨识方法。该方法以反电动势作为系统模型输出来构造模型参考自适应系统(MRAS)。MRAS采用参考模型和可调模型并联型结构实现转速辨识,消除了纯积分环节带来的问题。将所提方法应用于感应电机矢量控制系统并通过仿真和试验得以实现。仿真和试验结果表明,该方法易于实现,能够准确估计电机的转速。     

Effect of W addition on phase transformation and microstructure of powder metallurgic Ti-22Al-25Nb alloys during quenching and furnace cooling

Powder metallurgic Ti2 AlNb alloys with W addition are sintered at 900, 1000, 1070 °C,and 1150 °C(i.e., in the O + B2, a_2+ B2 + O, a_2+ B2, and single B2 phase regions, respectively)for 12 h, followed by water quenching and furnace cooling. Comparisons of phase and microstructure between quenched and furnace-cooled W-modified alloys are carried out to illustrate the phase transformation and microstructure evolution during the cooling process. Furthermore, a comparison is also made between W-modified and W-free alloys, to reveal the function of the W alloying.W addition accelerates the solutions of a_2 and O phases during the high-temperature holding, and a Widmannsta¨tten B2 + O structure, which contributes to the properties, is induced by furnace cooling from all the phase regions. The Widmannsta¨tten structure includes a B2 matrix, primary O, and secondary O precipitates. However, W alloying refines the Widmannsta¨tten structure only when the alloys are solution-treated and then cooled from the single B2 phase. Although the hardness of the W-modified alloys is lower than that of the W-free alloys sintered in the same phase region, an enhancement of hardness, 489 ± 18 HV, is obtained in the alloy solution-treated in the single B2 phase region for only 0.5 h.     

A self-healing strategy with fault-cell reutilization of bio-inspired hardware

The self-healing strategy is a key component in designing the bio-inspired embryonics circuit with the structure of cell arrays. However, the existing self-healing strategies of embryonics circuits mainly focus on permanent faults inside the modules of cells such as the function module and the configuration register, while little attention is paid to transient faults. From the point of view of obtaining high efficiency of hardware utilization, it would be a huge waste of hardware resources by permanent elimination when a cell only suffers a transient fault which can be repaired by a configuration mechanism. A new self-healing strategy, the Fault-Cell Reutilization Self-healing Strategy(FCRSS) which presents a method for reusing transient fault cells, is proposed in this paper. The circuit structures of all the modules in the cells are described in detail. In the new strategy, two processes of elimination and reconfiguration are combined. Within the process of fault-cell elimination, cells with transient faults in the embryonics circuit array could be reused simultaneously to replace the functions of the cells on their left side in the same row. Therefore, transient fault-cells in a transparent state can be reconfigured to realize the fault-cell reutilization. Finally,a circuit simulation, resource consumption, a reliability analysis and a detailed normalization analysis are presented. The FCRSS can improve the hardware utilization rate and system reliability at the expense of a small amount of hardware resources and reconfiguration time. Following the conclusion, the method of determining the optimal self-healing strategy is presented according to the environmental conditions.     

Performance Analysis and Power Allocation for Cooperative SSK System with Receive Correlation in Rayleigh Fading Channel

In this paper,the performance analysis of cooperative space shift keying(SSK)system with dual-hop amplify and forward(AF)in receive-correlated Rayleigh channel is presented. By means of the performance analysis,a closed-form approximate expression of the average bit error rate(BER)is derived for the performance evaluation.With this expression,in a high signal-to-noise-ratio(SNR)region,a tight closed-form asymptotic BER of the system is also derived. It can simplify the calculation of average BER and provide effective evaluation for asymptotic performance. By minimizing this asymptotic BER expression,a suboptimum power allocation(PA) scheme is developed,and the closed-form PA coefficients are obtained. Simulation indicates that the suboptimal PA scheme outperforms the conventional equal PA scheme,and its performance is very close to that of the exhaustive search based optimal PA scheme but with low complexity. Moreover,the system performance under the spatially correlated channel is worse than that in spatially independent channel due to the effect of spatial correlation.     

一种应用于着陆支撑系统中的锁紧机构设计与仿真

垂直起降运载器着陆过程是一种对支撑机构的结构强度、锁紧机构可靠性、缓冲器吸能特性要求极高的复杂瞬态碰撞吸能过程。针对现有着陆支撑机构构型单一等问题,提出一种全新的着陆支撑机构构型,并对该锁紧机构进行结构设计。由于支撑机构在展开过程中受到重力、空气阻力等多种环境力的作用,导致锁紧连杆相对速度在有限范围内变化。通过建立锁紧机构中移动构件力学方程并计算得到合理驱动弹簧参数,而后将锁紧相对速度作为输入变量,通过ADAMS建立虚拟样机模型完成工况模拟,并分析不同驱动弹簧参数对锁定可行性的影响,为锁紧机构可靠锁定提供技术支持。