计算机辅助教学中多媒体课件的设计与开发

计算机辅助教学在现代教育中发挥了越来越重要的作用,其中高质量多媒体课件的开发设计又是最关键的环节。文章介绍了多媒体课件的设计方法、开发过程及评价与发行体系。     

星光折射航天器自主定轨方案比较

当星光透射大气发生折射时 ,用星光折射角精确地反映星光在大气中离地球表面的高度 ,并建立高度、航天器与地球的几何关系。通过对折射角进行观测 ,间接测得地平 ,从而改善了用地平仪直接测地平所造成的航天器自主导航精度低的不足。本文提出了几种利用星光折射的航天器自主定轨方案 ,并作了细致的仿真实验 ,对直接和间接两种测量地平方法以及几种星光折射自主定轨方案进行了分析比较。     

Ariane transfer vehicle in service of man in orbit

The Ariane transfer vehicle (ATV), an Ariane 5 borne, unmanned propulsion vehicle, is designed to transport the logistics needed to resupply the International Space Station (ISS) and the man tended free flyer (MTFF) step 2 with pressurized and unpressurized cargo and to dispose the waste. The ATV is an expendable vehicle and is disposed of by a safe atmospheric burn up. In accordance with the AR5 schedule it should be operational in 1996 for missions toward ISS and beyond the year 2000 for MTFF 2 missions. The main constituents of the proposed ATV are the modified AR5 third stage L5, an upgraded VEB steering the launcher as well as the ATV and the P/L-adaptor providing mechanical and umbilical links to the payload. The mechanical part of the RVD-kit will be placed on the payload-module, the main RVD sensors are located on the adaptor and the needed computer intelligence will be integrated on the VEB. To minimize the development, and recurring costs, the ATV concept fully complies to the idea of maximum use of existing hardware and software, mainly from the AR5, Hermes and Columbus programs thus minimizing development and recurring costs. The ATV is compatible to ISS, MTFF and OMV and is able to transport logistic modules compatible with NSTS and U.S.-expendable launchers.     

导弹发射车主机发电时带外供电的方法

对某型导弹发射车主机发电的供电体制进行了简要分析 ,提出了增加外供电体制的措施和方法。外供电方案的实施 ,不仅为部队的平时训练提供了方便 ,而且为提高导弹发射车的可靠性和生存力提供了必要条件 ,增强了整个武器系统的战斗力。     

对某距离自动跟踪系统测距误差的分析

根据某距离自动跟踪系统设计的实际情况，分析了系统中模拟数字（ＡＤ）转换电路、动目标显示（ＭＴＩ）与求模运算、波形分析和α－β滤波器所引入的测距误差，得出ＡＤ采样率和波形分析的内插点数决定了系统引入测距误差大小的结论。对实际工作参数的计算及校飞试验的结果证明，此距离自动跟踪系统引入的测距误差较小，满足雷达系统的要求。     

机动再入飞行器自适应飞行控制系统设计

研究机动再入飞行器的制导控制问题。为了解决机动再入飞行器气动系数变化范围大、气动耦合严重和气动参数非线性过零常值大等恶劣条件下的控制，并且能充分利用飞行器可测量信息提高系统自适应能力，本文提出了状态方程参数辨识－－极点配置－－前馈补偿自适应控制的飞行控制系统的设计方法。通过对新型号再入飞行器的制导系统仿真，可以看出该控制系统使其有很好的飞行性能。     

深度节流补燃循环发动机系统稳定性研究

补燃循环发动机深度节流过程中,系统参数大范围变化,低工况时喷注器压降和供应系统节流元件压降较低,容易出现推进剂供应系统与热力组件耦合的不稳定问题。针对10∶1深度节流富氧补燃循环发动机,通过Nyquist稳定性分析方法,对发动机全工况范围内泵后供应系统和燃气系统耦合稳定性进行仿真研究。结果表明:富氧补燃循环发动机燃料供应路与燃气路形成的闭环系统在低工况时,稳定裕度较低,改善燃气发生器喷雾燃烧效果以缩短时滞、增加燃气停留时间、在靠近燃气发生器位置增加供应系统压降能提高系统稳定裕度。     

组网数据处理探讨

讨论了测向定位中双站交会定位及定位误差分析、三站交会定位、多站交会定位若干问题，首次尝试将最小二乘法和递推最小二乘法用于多站测向定位，减少了大量的矩阵求逆，数据利用效率高，可以提高测向定位的精度和简化运算。特别是在存在多径效应的情况下，有利于发现和去除野值。在测向站组网数据的处理和应用上有较强的实用性和推广价值。     

航天飞行器防热部件烧蚀行为的数值模拟

对航天飞行器防热部件在氧－煤油发动机火焰喷吹下的烧蚀行为进行了有限元数值模拟。利用“杀死”单元的方法建立防热部件瞬态温度场的有限元模型，实现了烧蚀边界的退缩，从而完成了对烧蚀尺寸变化的定量描述。烧蚀开始于4．59s，到12s时线烧蚀量为1．47mm。计算结果与试验的实测结果一致。     

LISA — a study of the ESA cornerstone mission for observing gravitational waves

The primary objective of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission is to detect and observe gravitational waves from massive black holes and galactic binaries in the frequency range 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻¹ Hz. This low-frequency range is inaccessible to ground-based interferometers because of the unshieldable background of local gravitational noise and because ground-based interferometers are limited in length to a few km. LISA is an ESA cornerstone mission and recently had a system study (Ref. 1) carried out by a consortium led by Astrium, which confirmed the basic configuration for the payload with only minor changes, and provided detailed concepts for the spacecraft and mission design. The study confirmed the need for a drag-free technology demonstration mission to develop the inertial sensors for LISA, before embarking on the build of the flight sensors. With a technology demonstration flight in 2005, it would be possible to carry out LISA as a joint ESA-NASA mission with a launch by 2010 subject to the funding programmatics. The baseline for LISA is three disc-like spacecraft each of which consist of a science module which carries the laser interferometer payload (two in each science module) and a propulsion module containing an ion drive and the hydrazine thrusters of the AOCS. The propulsion module is used for the transfer from earth escape trajectory provided by the Delta II launch to the operational orbit. Once there the propulsion module is jettisoned to reduce disturbances on the payload. Detailed analysis of thermal and gravitational disturbances, a model of the drag-free control and of the interferometer operation confirm that the strain sensitivity of the interferometer will be achieved.