耐高温有机无机杂化聚酰亚胺树脂及其复合材料

文摘综述了近年来国内外在有机无机杂化聚酰亚胺树脂及其复合材料方面的研究进展,重点介绍了含笼状倍半硅氧烷和硅氧烷结构的有机无机杂化聚酰亚胺树脂的制备方法,对树脂的分子结构与其耐热性和热氧化稳定性之间的关系进行了分析总结,并对有机无机杂化聚酰亚胺树脂及其复合材料的应用和未来发展进行了探讨。     

倾转旋翼机冗余操纵的舵面分配策略和飞行转换路径分析

倾转旋翼机的不同舵面存在冗余操纵,而冗余舵面的分配策略和飞行转换路径对其控制重构具有重要的意义。对建立的小型无人倾转旋翼机全量非线性飞行动力学模型在不同飞行模式下的进行配平计算、模型线化后,求出单位操纵面位移所引起的俯仰、滚转和偏航力矩的改变量,即考察倾转旋翼机各操纵面的操纵功效,并对其结果进行详细分析,以确定倾转旋翼机的冗余舵面控制重构能力;确定各飞行模式下倾转旋翼机的操纵方式,给出舵面分配策略的权重系数矩阵;在此基础上,提出三种不同的全模式飞行转换路径方案,并分别计算三种方案下倾转旋翼机的飞行速度与前倾角、姿态角及操纵量的关系。结果表明:三种方案都能实现对飞行器的合理操纵,表明倾转旋翼机的冗余舵面控制重构是可以实现的。     

切削过程有限元仿真研究进展

得益于高性能计算机和软件技术的发展,数值仿真为深入理解切削过程、研究刀具磨损、提高加工表面质量等提供了强大的技术支持。总结了现有几种本构模型的特点,对构建切削仿真有限元模型中的几个关键问题进行了分析和总结,综述了有限元仿真技术在金属切削过程中切屑形成研究、切削温度和切削力、刀具磨损、刀具优化和残余应力预测以及加工表面显微组织演变模拟等方面的研究成果。最后,系统地分析了切削过程有限元仿真研究中存在的问题,探讨了该研究领域未来的发展趋势和需要进一步探索的热点问题。     

飞机静力试验中机翼的载荷分配研究

针对飞机静力试验加载的问题,为使得试验加载力反映飞机受力特性,由载荷分配前输入的典型剖面上剪力、弯矩、扭矩推导出相邻剖面之间的剪力、弯矩、扭矩,通过构造带内力约束的拉格朗日极值函数求出试验加载力,将载荷分配前输入的内力与试验载荷分配后产生的内力进行对比分析,可以得出:通过构造带内力约束的拉格拉日极值函数法分配得到的试验载荷符合载荷的传递,能够满足飞机静力试验加载的要求,可以用于飞机静力试验的加载。     

Imaging Plasma Density Structures in the Soft X-Rays Generated by Solar Wind Charge Exchange with Neutrals

Both heliophysics and planetary physics seek to understand the complex nature of the solar wind’s interaction with solar system obstacles like Earth’s magnetosphere, the ionospheres of Venus and Mars, and comets. Studies with this objective are frequently conducted with the help of single or multipoint in situ electromagnetic field and particle observations, guided by the predictions of both local and global numerical simulations, and placed in context by observations from far and extreme ultraviolet (FUV, EUV), hard X-ray, and energetic neutral atom imagers (ENA). Each proposed interaction mechanism (e.g., steady or transient magnetic reconnection, local or global magnetic reconnection, ion pick-up, or the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability) generates diagnostic plasma density structures. The significance of each mechanism to the overall interaction (as measured in terms of atmospheric/ionospheric loss at comets, Venus, and Mars or global magnetospheric/ionospheric convection at Earth) remains to be determined but can be evaluated on the basis of how often the density signatures that it generates are observed as a function of solar wind conditions. This paper reviews efforts to image the diagnostic plasma density structures in the soft (low energy, 0.1–2.0 keV) X-rays produced when high charge state solar wind ions exchange electrons with the exospheric neutrals surrounding solar system obstacles.The introduction notes that theory, local, and global simulations predict the characteristics of plasma boundaries such the bow shock and magnetopause (including location, density gradient, and motion) and regions such as the magnetosheath (including density and width) as a function of location, solar wind conditions, and the particular mechanism operating. In situ measurements confirm the existence of time- and spatial-dependent plasma density structures like the bow shock, magnetosheath, and magnetopause/ionopause at Venus, Mars, comets, and the Earth. However, in situ measurements rarely suffice to determine the global extent of these density structures or their global variation as a function of solar wind conditions, except in the form of empirical studies based on observations from many different times and solar wind conditions. Remote sensing observations provide global information about auroral ovals (FUV and hard X-ray), the terrestrial plasmasphere (EUV), and the terrestrial ring current (ENA). ENA instruments with low energy thresholds (\(\sim1~\mbox{keV}\)) have recently been used to obtain important information concerning the magnetosheaths of Venus, Mars, and the Earth. Recent technological developments make these magnetosheaths valuable potential targets for high-cadence wide-field-of-view soft X-ray imagers.Section 2 describes proposed dayside interaction mechanisms, including reconnection, the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and other processes in greater detail with an emphasis on the plasma density structures that they generate. It focuses upon the questions that remain as yet unanswered, such as the significance of each proposed interaction mode, which can be determined from its occurrence pattern as a function of location and solar wind conditions. Section 3 outlines the physics underlying the charge exchange generation of soft X-rays. Section 4 lists the background sources (helium focusing cone, planetary, and cosmic) of soft X-rays from which the charge exchange emissions generated by solar wind exchange must be distinguished. With the help of simulations employing state-of-the-art magnetohydrodynamic models for the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction, models for Earth’s exosphere, and knowledge concerning these background emissions, Sect. 5 demonstrates that boundaries and regions such as the bow shock, magnetosheath, magnetopause, and cusps can readily be identified in images of charge exchange emissions. Section 6 reviews observations by (generally narrow) field of view (FOV) astrophysical telescopes that confirm the presence of these emissions at the intensities predicted by the simulations. Section 7 describes the design of a notional wide FOV “lobster-eye” telescope capable of imaging the global interactions and shows how it might be used to extract information concerning the global interaction of the solar wind with solar system obstacles. The conclusion outlines prospects for missions employing such wide FOV imagers.     

基于型面节点的复合材料构件模具型面修正研究

针对复合材料在热压罐中固化变形造成的零件尺寸误差、带应力装配、降低疲劳寿命等长期困扰航空、航天工业的问题,研究复合材料固化变形的影响因素、作用机理等,并利用基准点的位置坐标,实现两曲面间的匹配,提出变形修正的算法和切实可行的修正手段,从而在模具设计时对模具型面做相应的补偿,减少试模、修模次数,实现复合材料固化变形的有效控制,达到复合材料精准制造的目的。     

全站仪检测数据管理系统

介绍了全站仪检测数据管理系统。本系统以FoxPro for Windows为基础,采用模块结构,具有对检测数据录入修改,自动转换,成果计算,查询显示等功能,实现了系统数据管理和处理的一体化。     

天象一号低轨导航增强系统研究与在轨试验验证

如何实现GNSS全球瞬时高精度服务一直是GNSS领域的迫切需求和研究热点.采用低轨导航增强技术体制,利用低轨卫星运动几何变化快的特点,解决GNSS精密单点定位快速收敛问题和性能提升问题,是GNSS高精度定位服务未来发展的重要方向.从全球瞬时高精度服务内涵出发,阐述了天象一号低轨导航增强试验系统的技术体制,包括系统工作模...     

GNSS超快速产品在全球标准时间复现中的应用

为满足大跨度空间范围内的时间同步需求,对基于共视时间比对原理的标准时间复现系统进行改进,采用全视时间比对方法解决原系统应用基线受限的问题.考虑实时性的要求,使用全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)超快速产品(预测部分)提供卫星位置和卫星钟差,以尽可能消除广播星历和钟差对复现结果的影响.分析了常用的几家机构发布的GNSS超快速产...     

复合材料固化应力模型

本文建立了描述复合材料固化应力史的综合模型。在本模型中考虑了化学收缩对残余应力史的贡献,并考虑了以玻璃化转变区为应力释放区的应力松弛过程。整个模型由四部分组成:描述温度场的模型、物理力学参数的模型、描述细观纵向残余应力史的模型、描述层合固化应力史的模型。