危险天气下基于多重Morphin算法的终端区三维实时改航方法

基于多重Morphin算法,建立了终端区 三维实时改航方法。该方法首先根据航空器当前飞行状态按不同的转弯角和爬升/下滑角生 成一组弧线,随后在每条弧线的末端按同样方式反复运行,形成若干条由弧线组成的路径, 最后对所有路径进行综合评估,找到当前时刻的改航路径。算例分析表明,该方法提供的改 航路径可以保证航空器运行的安全与高效,在危险天气出现时更加充分地利用终端区空域资 源,同时计算时间短、可行性高。     

某超高层建筑刚性模型测力试验研究

在4m×3m边界层风洞中对某高295m的超高层建筑分别进行了有、无周边建筑的刚性模型测力天平试验,得到建筑3个主轴方向基底力矩均值和均方根值随风向角的变化情况,通过比较表明周边超高层建筑对其具有较严重的干扰影响;分析了功率谱和相干函数所表现出的力矩频域特性,横-扭方向基底弯矩相关性明显较顺-横、顺-扭两向大;通过敲击试验得到基底弯矩的自由衰减信号,采用HHT变换方法,识别了模型-天平系统在两个主轴方向的一阶频率和阻尼比,并根据频率和阻尼比消除了基底弯矩信号中由于模型非绝对刚性引起的共振响应分量,由此修正得到较为精确的基底力谱和各角度均方根值,为计算风振响应提供了依据.     

超高层建筑表面脉动风压空间相关特性试验研究

通过对某超高层建筑模型同步测压风洞试验,分别从时域和频域对模型各表面典型测点脉动风压水平和竖向空间相关性系数、以及水平和竖向相干函数进行了全面深入分析。与相关参考文献中提出的经典风速相干函数表达式进行了比较,给出了侧风面脉动风压相干函数考虑涡旋脱落影响的新的数学模型,拟合了公式参数,得到的结果可为建立更为精细的气动力模型所参考。     

时空一致性对武器系统仿真试验影响的分析

时空一致性是影响仿真试验精度的最为关键的重要因素之一。文章阐述了由于时钟不同步导致的对时间和空间理解的不一致,以及对仿真精度的影响,详细分析了时空不一致产生的各种可能因素,并以某型武器系统仿真试验为例,提出了几种实用且可行的时空一致性处理方法。     

Establishment of a rearing system of the extremotolerant tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus: a new model animal for astrobiology

Studies on the ability of multicellular organisms to tolerate specific environmental extremes are relatively rare compared to those of unicellular microorganisms in extreme environments. Tardigrades are extremotolerant animals that can enter an ametabolic dry state called anhydrobiosis and have high tolerance to a variety of extreme environmental conditions, particularly while in anhydrobiosis. Although tardigrades have been expected to be a potential model animal for astrobiological studies due to their excellent anhydrobiotic and extremotolerant abilities, few studies of tolerance with cultured tardigrades have been reported, possibly due to the absence of a model species that can be easily maintained under rearing conditions. We report the successful rearing of the herbivorous tardigrade, Ramazzottius varieornatus, by supplying the green alga Chlorella vulgaris as food. The life span was 35 +/- 16.4 d, deposited eggs required 5.7 +/- 1.1 d to hatch, and animals began to deposit eggs 9 d after hatching. The reared individuals of this species had an anhydrobiotic capacity throughout their life cycle in egg, juvenile, and adult stages. Furthermore, the reared adults in an anhydrobiotic state were tolerant of temperatures of 90 degrees C and -196 degrees C, and exposure to 99.8% acetonitrile or irradiation with 4000 Gy (4)He ions. Based on their life history traits and tolerance to extreme stresses, R. varieornatus may be a suitable model for astrobiological studies of multicellular organisms.     

Control of Lunar and Martian dust--experimental insights from artificial and natural cyanobacterial and algal crusts in the desert of Inner Mongolia, China

Studies on the colonization of environmentally extreme ground surfaces were conducted in a Mars-like desert area of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, with microalgae and cyanobacteria. We collected and mass-cultured cyanobacterial strains from these regions and investigated their ability to form desert crusts artificially. These crusts had the capacity to resist sand wind erosion after just 15 days of growth. Similar to the surface of some Chinese deserts, the surface of Mars is characterized by a layer of fine dust, which will challenge future human exploration activities, particularly in confined spaces that will include greenhouses and habitats. We discuss the use of such crusts for the local control of desert sands in enclosed spaces on Mars. These experiments suggest innovative new directions in the applied use of microbe-mineral interactions to advance the human exploration and settlement of space.     

太阳风高速流能流分布

根据Ylysses观测,比较完整地计算了高纬行星际空间太阳风能流分布．计算表明,行星际空间的高速流能流密度约为2．1×10-3J·m-2·s-1（日心距离r＝1AU）,主要来自于太阳风离子所携带的动能流（占58％）和克服太阳引力的势能流（占39％）．要驱动高速流,需要在日冕底部高速流源区（日心距离r=1Rs）向外输出到太阳风的能流密度为7．1×102J·m-2·s－1·分析表明,由日冕底部向外可能输出两种形式的能流,其中一种具有较短的耗散长度,被耗散在很短的空间区域（～1—2Rs）,使日冕温度迅速提高。另一种储藏在连续向外传播的太阳风中,不断耗散用以加速太阳风（＞2Rs）．     

Ti—15—3钛合金点焊工艺及性能研究

对我国新研制的β型Ｔｉ－１５－３新型钛合金进行了点焊工艺及性能研究,并与进口材料进行比较,从而对我国研制的Ｔｉ－１５－３钛合金的点焊焊接性作出评价为其在新机上的应用和该材料的国产化提供了可靠的依据。     

定应变贮存条件下HTPB推进剂延伸率老化模型研究

为研究定应变对HTPB推进剂最大延伸率的影响,开展了3%,6%和9%定应变水平下HTPB推进剂方坯加速老化试验,建立了推进剂最大延伸率的老化模型,并通过试验数据拟合,分析了定应变和温度对各模型参数的影响规律。结果表明:定应变的物理拉伸作用对推进剂的最大延伸率有明显的提升作用,其提升幅值与定应变水平和老化温度呈线性关系。物理拉伸对最大延伸率的提升作用具有明显的力学松弛特性,近似呈指数规律。推进剂在老化过程中存在一介于65℃与70℃之间的临界温度,当老化温度低于临界温度时,定应变对推进剂的延伸率老化速率几乎没有影响;老化温度高于临界温度时会降低延伸率老化速率。     

刷式封严磨损特性及其对泄漏影响的试验研究

为了获得刷式封严磨损特性及其对泄漏影响,对间隙、过渡、过盈3种配合状态的低前挡板型小尺寸刷式封严进行了试验研究,试验测量了磨损量、泄漏量和转子轴心轨迹等。根据测量结果对各配合刷式封严的磨损特性和磨损对泄漏影响进行了研究。分析结果显示,在磨损特性方面:间隙配合状态下,磨损是局部磨损;过盈配合状态下,磨损发生在整个试验阶段,在试验初始阶段磨损较严重,且磨损较为均匀地发生在整个圆周;过渡配合的磨损发生在整个圆周上,且其磨损不均匀。在磨损对泄漏影响方面:间隙配合状态下,试验初始阶段小压差下磨损对泄漏的影响不明显,在中等压差0.2~0.3MPa时较为明显;过渡配合,磨损对泄漏的影响在小压差和中等压差下较为明显,大压差下不明显;过盈配合下,磨损对泄漏的影响发生在整个试验阶段且磨损对泄漏的影响随磨损量变化的减小而逐渐减小,试验的初始阶段磨损对泄漏的影响最为明显;试验的初始阶段,过盈配合时磨损对泄漏影响最大,过盈配合时次之,间隙配合时最小。