间歇采样重复转发对雷达恒虚警检测性能的影响分析

作为一种新型相干干扰,间歇采样转发干扰可以获得雷达脉冲压缩增益,对雷达系统构成了很大的威胁。针对采用线性调频脉冲压缩和单元平均类恒虚警检测的雷达系统,在分析了间歇采样重复转发压制干扰原理和雷达恒虚警检测的工作原理的基础上,理论分析推导了不同间歇采样占空比、转发增益和不同的噪声功率背景条件下重复转发干扰在真实目标CFAR检测区间的能量。通过分析信号能量、噪声能量和干扰能量之间的关系,推导了不同干扰参数下CFAR检测器的信噪比。研究结果表明,在重复全转发这种干扰样式下,采样频率、占空比均是影响影响检测器的重要参数,当优化参数配置,使得转发能量尽量位于检测单元内时,有相对理想的对抗效果。     

The InSight Mars Lander and Its Effect on the Subsurface Thermal Environment

The 2018 InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) Mission has the mission goal of providing insitu data for the first measurement of the geothermal heat flow of Mars. The Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP³) will take thermal conductivity and thermal gradient measurements to approximately 5 m depth. By necessity, this measurement will be made within a few meters of the lander. This means that thermal perturbations from the lander will modify local surface and subsurface temperature measurements. For HP³’s sensitive thermal gradient measurements, this spacecraft influence will be important to model and parameterize. Here we present a basic 3D model of thermal effects of the lander on its surroundings. Though lander perturbations significantly alter subsurface temperatures, a successful thermal gradient measurement will be possible in all thermal conditions by proper (\(>3~\mbox{m}\) depth) placement of the heat flow probe.     

The Juno Radiation Monitoring (RM) Investigation

The Radiation Monitoring Investigation of the Juno Mission will actively retrieve and analyze the noise signatures from penetrating radiation in the images of Juno’s star cameras and science instruments at Jupiter. The investigation’s objective is to profile Jupiter’s \(>10\mbox{-MeV}\) electron environment in regions of the Jovian magnetosphere which today are still largely unexplored. This paper discusses the primary instruments on Juno which contribute to the investigation’s data suite, the measurements of camera noise from penetrating particles, spectral sensitivities and measurement ranges of the instruments, calibrations performed prior to Juno’s first science orbit, and how the measurements may be used to infer the external relativistic electron environment.     

The Ultraviolet Spectrograph on NASA’s Juno Mission

The ultraviolet spectrograph instrument on the Juno mission (Juno-UVS) is a long-slit imaging spectrograph designed to observe and characterize Jupiter’s far-ultraviolet (FUV) auroral emissions. These observations will be coordinated and correlated with those from Juno’s other remote sensing instruments and used to place in situ measurements made by Juno’s particles and fields instruments into a global context, relating the local data with events occurring in more distant regions of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. Juno-UVS is based on a series of imaging FUV spectrographs currently in flight—the two Alice instruments on the Rosetta and New Horizons missions, and the Lyman Alpha Mapping Project on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. However, Juno-UVS has several important modifications, including (1) a scan mirror (for targeting specific auroral features), (2) extensive shielding (for mitigation of electronics and data quality degradation by energetic particles), and (3) a cross delay line microchannel plate detector (for both faster photon counting and improved spatial resolution). This paper describes the science objectives, design, and initial performance of the Juno-UVS.     

风扇轴高/低周复合疲劳试验方法研究及设计

为了实现风扇轴在轴向力、主扭矩、振动扭矩和旋转弯矩载荷联合作用下,真实模拟试验件边界环境,且不引入额外载荷的要求下进行高/低周复合疲劳（HCF/LCF）试验.采用机械设计技术、液压技术、计算机技术和数据采集技术,提出了轴向力、主扭矩、振动扭矩和旋转弯矩载荷的加载方法,建立了4种载荷的控制系统和标定系统,并设计了大涵道比涡扇发动机风扇轴试验器.试验器利用计算机测控系统,通过信号提取、电液伺服阀和机械系统可同时实现轴向力、主扭矩、振动扭矩和旋转弯矩载荷的协调加载.结果表明:试验器高周载荷加载频率可达到9Hz,低周疲劳载荷加载精度优于±0.12%,振动扭矩载荷加载精度优于±2%,92.75%的旋转弯矩加载数据精度优于±5%,旋转弯矩误差范围为±9%.试验器具有良好的重复性和线性度.      

基于龙伯格扰动观测器的永磁同步电机PWM电流预测控制

针对传统永磁同步电机(PMSM)PWM电流预测控制中电机参数扰动造成的电流静差及振荡问题,提出基于龙伯格(Luenberger)观测器的PWM电流预测控制。首先,将系统参数扰动引入到电机电压方程,构建在参数扰动中拥有优良性能的Luenberger观测器来观测系统扰动。其次,离散化Luenberger扰动观测器,通过极点配置分析系统稳定性。最后,将观测器估计系统扰动引入含参数扰动项的电压方程中,为PWM电流预测控制算法提供实时性扰动补偿。仿真结果表明,所提算法能够快速无静差地观测出系统扰动,有效避免参数扰动造成的电流静差及振荡问题,提高电流预测算法的鲁棒性。     

基于占空比调节的无刷直流电机直接转矩控制

传统直接转矩控制(DTC)在每一个控制周期对电机施加一个不变的电压矢量,从而导致较大的转矩脉动,而且开关管的开关频率不固定。为减小转矩脉动同时使开关管的开关频率恒定从而提升系统的稳定性,将占空比调制技术引入到无刷直流电机(BLDCM)DTC系统当中,并研究了4种占空比生成方法对转矩脉动的抑制效果。由于引入了占空比调制技术,零电压矢量和非零电压矢量作用的时间随占空比的改变而改变,因此能够对转矩进行更精细的控制从而抑制转矩脉动。仿真和试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性分析研究

从电力系统运行的一般原理出发,开展风储孤网系统小信号稳定和动态稳定的研究,保障局部地区供电可靠性。基于特征值分析法和李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据,对风储孤网系统小干扰稳定性问题进行了研究。提出风储孤网系统储能单元基于下垂控制模式的储能逆变器控制策略,并根据风储孤网系统各模块的控制策略建立相应的数学模型;基于特征值分析法进行风储孤网系统各模块数学模型的小干扰稳定性分析,并根据李亚普诺夫线性系统稳定性判据进行风储孤网系统的稳定性判断;基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真平台搭建风储孤网系统仿真模型,通过仿真验证了风储孤网系统能够实现稳定运行,与小干扰稳定性分析得出的结论一致。研究成果可为风储孤网系统的运行稳定性研究提供理论参考。     

喷前压力脉动对撞击式喷嘴雾化特性的影响

为研究液体火箭发动机供应系统压力脉动对撞击式喷嘴雾化特性的影响,进行了撞击式喷嘴的动态雾化实验。通过脉动装置在喷嘴供应系统上施加不同频率和幅值的周期性压力脉动,利用两套高速摄影系统分别获得了动态雾化图像和雾场横截面上的散射光强,以此分析了撞击式喷嘴对喷前周期性压力脉动的响应频率和响应幅值范围及其对平均雾化角度的影响。结果表明,在研究的脉动频率范围内(0~4050Hz),当喷前压力脉动幅值大于某一阈值后,雾化出现了明显的周期性质量聚集现象,其频率与喷前压力脉动的频率相同。脉动幅值增加,散射光强度的振荡幅值也增加,参与混合燃烧过程的介质流量振荡幅值加剧。平均雾化角度受脉动频率和幅值的影响都较小,变化范围处在均值的±4%以内。