换热效应对燃气涡轮发动机过渡态性能的影响

在非定常换热模型基础上,提出了换热效应不影响旋转部件功的假设,以及气冷涡轮换热的简化处理方法,建立了考虑换热效应的发动机过渡态性能计算模型.针对某双转子涡扇发动机加减速过程进行了数值模拟.结果表明:换热效应对整机性能的影响主要表现为各部件的响应滞后,而低压转子的响应滞后最为明显;压气机的换热时间常数小于涡轮;在旋转部件中,叶片的换热时间常数最小,轮毂次之,机匣最大.      

Image Smearing Modeling and Verification for Strapdown Star Sensor

To further extend study on celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor from static into dynamic field, one prerequisite is to generate precise dynamic simulating star maps. First a neat analytical solution of the smearing trajectory caused by spacecraft attitude maneuver is deduced successfully, whose parameters cover the geometric size of optics, three-axis angular velocities and CCD integral time. Then for the first time the mathematical law and method are discovered about how to synthesize the two formulae of smearing trajectory and the static Gaussian distribution function (GDF) model, the key of which is a line integral with regard to the static GDF attenuated by a factor 1/ L s (L s is the arc length of the smearing trajectory) along the smearing trajectory. The dynamic smearing model is then obtained, also in an analytical form. After that, three sets of typical simulating maps and data are simulated from this dynamic model manifesting the expected smearing effects, also compatible with the linear model as its special case of no boresight rotation. Finally, model validity tests on a rate turntable are carried out, which results in a mean correlation coefficient 0.920 0 between the camera images and the corresponding model simulated ones with the same parameters. The sufficient similarity verifies the validity of the dynamic smearing model. This model, after parameter calibration, can serve as a front-end loop of the ground semi-physical simulation system for celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor.     

双模态冲压发动机中的模态转换研究综述

在以双模态冲压发动机为推进装置的高超声速飞行器的加速过程中,燃烧室内的释热量及其分布必须做出相应的调整,使得发动机从亚燃模态转换为超燃模态。在模态转换过程中,由于燃烧室下游边界条件突然从热力壅塞状态变为无壅塞状态,其壁面压力分布会发生明显改变。这将使作用在飞行器上的推力和动量发生突然变化,可能会导致飞行器失去控制。因此,如何实现不同燃烧模态的平稳转换,是燃烧室设计中的技术难点。本文详细介绍了双模态冲压发动机中不同燃烧模态的定义和判定准则、模态转换的实现方式、模态转换的机理,以及在模态转换时可能存在的激波反射结构转换迟滞和火焰结构转换迟滞现象。      

适用于非合作发射源的合成孔径雷达无源成像方法

 合成孔径雷达(SAR)具有突出的高分辨率成像能力,在民用和军用领域体现出重要的应用价值。在复杂的作战环境中,提高SAR的电子对抗性能成为SAR技术发展考虑的重要方面。提出一种新的SAR无源成像方法,该成像方法将单部机载SAR接收机或多部机载SAR接收机在不同位置处接收到的回波信号相关,对相关后的信号采用滤波反投影方法进行成像,可重建场景的辐射率。该成像方法不需要已知发射源的波形和位置信息,适用于非合作发射源,具有良好的电子对抗性,并且适用于任意载机飞行轨迹、多基SAR等情形。仿真验证以双基情形为例,验证了该SAR无源成像方法的有效性,并分析了影响成像质量的各关键因素。     

带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性实验研究

为了研究带套齿连接结构的转子系统振动稳定性,推导了套齿连接结构的内摩擦力表达式,由此求解了转子系统振动失稳的条件.设计并搭建了带柔性和刚性两种不同套齿连接结构的实验转子系统.实验研究了带不同套齿连接结构的转子系统振动的稳定性.实验发现,带柔性套齿连接结构的转子系统易于发生由内、外套齿齿面间内摩擦所引起的振动失稳.失稳的...     

船舶直流电推系统选择特性的短路故障模拟

为了研究船舶直流电推系统发生短路后的选择性保护特性,对短路发生后的主要短路源、线路状况及关键器件进行分析,采用基于设备参数的选择性保护分析与建模方法,对船舶直流电推系统选择性进行短路故障模拟.针对工程船舶应用,搭建与实际系统对应的仿真模型,对比仿真结果及短路试验结果可以看出,熔断器熔断时间、电压变化趋势及电压跌落情况都...     

激光熔化沉积钛合金及其复合材料组织力学性能研究进展

激光熔化沉积(LMD)技术快速、自由的成形特点为航空构件的制造和发展带来了新的设计思路和方法.对激光熔化沉积钛合金与钛基复合材料的组织结构和力学性能进行了归纳分析,包括成形工艺参数、热处理技术以及增强体种类和含量对成形钛合金与钛基复合材料组织力学性能的影响,发现成形工艺参数直接影响粉末熔化程度、熔合质量和成形显微结构,...     

波长表自动频率测试系统

波长表的计量检定工作通常比较繁琐。为了提高工作效率及测试精度,我们组建了一套由计算机控制的波长表自动频率测试系统,给微波波长表的检定工作带来方便。     

The primordial Helium-4 abundance determination: systematic effects

By extrapolating to O/H = N/H = 0 the empirical correlations Y–O/H and Y–N/H defined by a relatively large sample of 45 Blue Compact Dwarfs (BCDs), we have obtained a primordial ⁴Helium mass fraction Y _p=0.2443±0.0015 with dY/dZ=2.4±1.0. This result is in excellent agreement with the average Y _p=0.2452±0.0015 determined in the two most metal-deficient BCDs known, I Zw 18 (Z /50) and SBS 0335–052 (Z /41), where the correction for He production is smallest. The quoted error (1) of 1% is statistical and does not include systematic effects. We examine various systematic effects including collisional excitation of hydrogen lines, ionization structure and temperature fluctuation effects, and underlying stellar Hei absorption, and conclude that combining all systematic effects, our Y _p may be underestimated by 2–4%. Taken at face value, our Y _p implies a baryon-to-photon number ratio =(4.7^+1.0 _–0.8)×10^–10 and a baryon mass fraction _b h ² ₁₀₀=0.017±0.005 (2), consistent with the values obtained from deuterium and Cosmic Microwave Background measurements. Correcting Y _p upward by 2–4% would make the agreement even better.     

民用客机缝翼气动噪声数值模拟研究

气动噪声水平是衡量民用客机设计水平的重要指标之一。在飞机着陆过程中,增升装置缝翼是机体气动噪声的重要噪声源。通过求解非线性扰动方程对增升装置缝翼噪声进行了二维数值模拟研究。分别针对不同来流攻角以及主翼钝后缘和尖后缘研究了缝翼噪音的频率特性。计算结果表明,缝翼缝道内的非定常涡是产生噪声的主要原因,随着来流攻角的减小,缝道内的非定常涡强度增大,活动区域变宽,进而辐射更多的噪声,从非定常声场及噪声的频率特性来看,缝翼噪声是一种偶极子声源,具有明显的宽频特性,主要噪声源集中在低频到中频段,随着频率增大,噪声幅值逐渐衰减。数值模拟较好地捕捉到了缝翼噪声源的发声机制和频率特性,为噪声控制打下了良好的基础。