微纳米尺度流动实验研究的问题与进展

微纳米实验流体力学研究的流动特征尺度在1mm～1nm范围,处于宏观流动到分子运动的过渡区。连续介质力学与量子力学这两个经典理论的衔接,提出了诸如连续性假设适用性、边界滑移等基本理论问题。同时从微纳米尺度研究界面处液/固/气的耦合,化学、电学性质对流动的影响值得关注。微纳米实验测量仪器融入了力、电等测量手段,要求测量空间精度达到nm量级,力的测量精度达到pN,时间分辨率达到ns。本文围绕连续性假设适用性、边界滑移、微纳米粒子布朗运动及微尺度涡旋测量等问题,介绍了 Micro/Nano PIV、示踪粒子流场显示等技术应用于微纳流场观测的进展与难点。目前微纳米流动测量仍然沿着经典流体力学测量“小型化”的思路开展,而纳尺度的测量期待着新的实验方法与技术的提出。     

An extended chirp scaling algorithm for spaceborne sliding spotlight synthetic aperture radar imaging

A system impulse response with low sidelobes is critical in synthetic aperture radar（SAR） images because sidelobes contribute to noise and interfere with nearby scatterers. However,the conventional tricks of sidelobe suppression are unable to be exactly applied to the case of spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR due to great azimuth shifts in both time and frequency domains. In this paper, an extended chirp scaling algorithm is presented for spaceborne sliding spotlight SAR data imaging. The proposed algorithm firstly uses the spectral analysis（SPECAN） technique to avoid the azimuth spectrum folding effect and then employs the chirp scaling（CS） algorithm to achieve data focusing, i.e., the so-called two-step approach. To suppress the sidelobe level, an efficient strategy for the azimuth spectral weighting which only involves matrix multiplications and short fast Fourier transformations（FFTs） is proposed, which is a post-process executed on the focused SAR image and particularly simple to be implemented. The SAR image processed by the proposed extended CS algorithm is very precise and perfectly phase-preserving. In the end, computer simulation results verify the analysis and confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm.     

Grinding performance evaluation of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels for Inconel 718

For high-efficiency grinding of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium and nickel alloys, a high porosity is expected and also a sufficient mechanical strength to satisfy the function.However, the porosity increase is a disadvantage to the mechanical strength. As a promising pore forming agent, alumina bubbles are firstly induced into the abrasive layer to fabricate porous cubic boron nitride（CBN） wheels. When the wheel porosity reaches 45%, the bending strength is still high up to 50 MPa with modified orderly pore distribution. A porous CBN wheel was fabricated with a total porosity around 30%. The grinding performance of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel was evaluated in terms of specific force, specific grinding energy, and grinding temperature, which were better than those of the vitrified one under the same grinding conditions. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, clear straight cutting grooves and less chip adhesion are observed on the ground surface and there is also no extensive loading on the wheel surface after grinding.     

S形蒙皮零件成形工艺

通过运用S3F软件对S形蒙皮拉形过程进行模拟仿真分析,评估S蒙皮拉形工艺性;预测拉形过程中将产生的缺陷;制定合理工艺方案;优化零件设计和模具结构;实现了该蒙皮零件在数控蒙皮拉伸机上的拉形。     

试论环境试验的分类

环境试验在装备研制生产过程中不可或缺。环境试验技术是充分考虑装备在其使用寿命周期内所经受的各种环境条件,通过将装备暴露在人工模拟或自然环境条件下,考核其环境适应能力的试验方法。     

不锈钢管板小群孔加工技术

分析了不锈钢管板加工的难点,介绍了机床和钻头的选择及优化切削参数,获得较好的技术经济效果.     

基于PSO算法的半球谐振陀螺惯导系统陀螺温度补偿方法

针对半球谐振陀螺受温度影响出现零位漂移的问题，以测温电路温度为基准，建立温度频率函数实时解算温度，提出一种基于粒子群优化(PSO)算法的半球谐振陀螺惯导系统陀螺温度补偿方法。在求解温度时，需要先将温度频率函数转换为一元三次方程，存在测试计算量大的问题。引入逆向拟合思想，建立频率温度函数，提高陀螺输出温度实时性和降低测试计算量，替代了传统陀螺测温硬件电路，为惯导系统轻小型设计提供新思路。考虑温度变化、温度变化率以及两者的交叉项，建立温度补偿模型，引入PSO算法求解模型系数。温度试验结果表明，在温箱温度为-40~50 ℃内，补偿后的半球谐振陀螺的零偏稳定性较补偿前提升了46％。     

有线电视HFC网络与光纤链路设计

本文论述了双向传输有线电视ＨＦＣ网络结构并比较了其优缺点，文中还就工程应用的实例讨论了光纤链路的设计问题。     

单层超硬磨料砂轮制造技术新发展

概述了国外单层高温钎焊超硬磨料砂轮的工艺优势及主要研究成果，这种新型超硬磨料砂轮以其卓越的磨削性能已在国内外磨削界引起了轰动，它在今后逐步替代传统砂轮应是一种无法抗拒的必然趋势。鉴于它极其广阔的应用前景，国内在推广应用超硬磨料砂轮时也必将大力引进开发此种单层钎焊砂轮。为使国内开发钎焊砂轮有一个更高的起点，作者提出了关于开展这一领域研究的若干构想和实施方案