Eliminating negative VTEC in global ionosphere maps using inequality-constrained least squares

Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC.     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

SGCMG框架伺服系统动力学建模与低速控制

单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)框架伺服系统内部存在的各种干扰会严重影响陀螺的力矩输出精度。为了实现力矩输出的高精度控制,需要对框架伺服系统进行精确动力学建模与控制。通过对作用于航天器上SGCMG的详细动力学分析,建立了框架伺服系统动力学模型,其中考虑了动静不平衡干扰力矩以及摩擦力矩。基于正弦永磁同步电机,利用自抗扰理论设计了框架伺服系统内外环控制器。仿真结果表明,在忽略转子不平衡所引起的高频干扰力矩的前提下,此控制器能对内外环存在的所有建模及未建模干扰进行准确估计和补偿,保证了框架的高精度控制。通过仿真还得到了转子不平衡对框架控制精度的影响量级,将为进一步研究如何抑制不平衡振动提供参考依据。     

从美军"PTN"项目看前沿技术在飞行员训练体系中的应用前景

美国空军教育和训练司令部"PTN"项目即"未来飞行员训练计划"已经完成两期验证,项目重点集成了虚拟现实、增强现实、先进生理传感器、人工智能和大数据分析技术,研究了新技术对飞行员训练的适用性.项目取得了良好的效果,美军计划将该项目作为未来飞行员训练体系的重要组成部分.本文分析了"PTN"项目的 组织实施过程和实施效果,阐述了人工智能、虚拟现实、大数据等前沿技术在飞行员培训体系中的应用前景.     

主编的创新意识与高校学报的发展

从办刊理念的创新、期刊定位的创新、学报特色的创新、学报策划的创新、学报管理的创新等五个方面，论述了学报主编创新意识对办好高校学报工作的重要性。     

高速转子支承阻尼系统动力特性理论研究

在对不平衡响应预测的研究中,用“标准组件”和“形位信息”概念建立了复杂转子不平衡响应的实用计算方法和程序。在挤压油膜阻尼器动力特性的研究中,全面论述了该类阻尼器的稳态特性,瞬态特性和突加不平衡响应特性,并对同心型和非同心型阻尼器方案进行比较,获得非同心型方案比同心型方案有更好的减振效果的结论。依据理论分析和实验经验所提出的挤压油膜阻尼器的设计方法和推荐值,已证明是成功的。     

涡轮叶片气膜冷却的研究

本文针对涡轮叶片离散气膜孔结构及叶片表面具有不同曲率的特点 ,采用传质比拟、数值计算及可视化技术 ,通过比较平板、弯曲壁面及涡轮叶片的气膜冷却流动及传热特性 ,系统地研究了离散孔三维效应、壁面曲率及压力梯度诸因素对叶片气膜冷却的影响。在此基础上 ,提出了估算叶片头部、中弧区及尾缘气膜冷却有效温比的准则公式、实验曲线及计算机程序     

正交各向异性材料、异型孔气冷叶片三维弹性应力分析

本文介绍了正交各向异性材料、异型孔气冷叶片三维弹性应力分析的计算方法, 并给出了一个真实的气冷涡轮叶片的计算结果及分析。为了适应气冷涡轮叶片内型孔复杂, 材料为定向凝固结晶和内外壁温度差比较大的特点, 文中采用分段线性和非线性的假设划分单元, 形成几何模型和力学模型, 采用坐标变换法建立单元的弹性矩阵, 并且采用分段线性插值法考虑温度对材料特性的影响。本文对方法和程序的正确性进行了验证, 而且将这种方法和程序应用到工程设计中。实践证明, 方法和程序可靠, 精度满足工程上的要求。      

超燃冲压发动机缩比燃烧室流场数值模拟

为了采用二维N-S方程来研究带有垂直喷射的三维问题,即拓展二维模型的适用范围,提出了一种针对喷射的简化模型,即采用源项加质来近似模拟喷射的质量添加。为了验证这种简化的可行性,针对文献中的实验条件进行了对比计算。结果表明,数值模拟与实验点符合得较好。运用以上简化模型,对放置在自由射流实验台上的缩比超燃冲压发动机燃烧室流场,采用五组元单步反应模型进行了数值模拟,得到了各主要气动参数及组分质量分数的分布,表明,根据数值模拟所得到的壁面静压值与实验壁面压力符合得较好。      

扑翼微型飞行器悬停状态的扑动模式设计

依据美国伯克利大学对微型扑翼飞行器空气动力学的研究成果,对翼展处于10~25 mm(翼尖到翼尖)的扑翼微型飞行器的扑动模式进行了研究。设计了一种当飞行器处于悬停状态时,翼的扑动模式,使得飞行器可以通过改变扑动参数的大小来调节扑动力。仿真结果验证了设计方法的合理性。该研究为扑翼微型飞行器的飞行控制研究提供了一种手段和思路。