气泡雾化喷嘴水平喷射的雾化特性研究

研究了水平喷射、端面注气方式的气泡雾化喷嘴结构及工作参数对雾化及流场特性的影响.试验全部在常温常压下进行,液体采用水,雾化气为压缩空气.用2D PDA测量了液雾的平均直径尺寸分布和速度分布.液体喷射压力变化范围200~600 kPa,气液比变化范围4%~10%左右.试验研究了端面注气方式下,注气孔孔径及数目、混合管长度、液体流动状态及工作参数对雾化特性的影响.结果表明,水平喷射的气泡喷嘴,注气孔的尺寸及数目均对雾化特性产生影响;混合段存在一最佳值范围,在此范围内,喷嘴可获得高的雾化质量;液体旋转流动对雾化特性无显著影响,但可影响两相流动中气泡的分布.     

Prediction tests by using “ISF” method for the geomagnetic disturbances

A so-called “ISF” prediction method for geomagnetic disturbances caused by solar wind storms blowing to the Earth is suggested. The method is based on a combined approach of solar activity, interplanetary scintillation (I) and geomagnetic disturbance observations during the period 1966–1982 together with the dynamics of solar wind storm propagation (S) and fuzzy mathematics (F). It has been used for prediction tests for 37 geomagnetic disturbance events during the descending solar activity phase 1984–1985, and was presented in 33rd COSPAR conference. Here, it has been improved by consideration of the three dimensional propagation characteristics of each event, the search for the best radio source and the influence of the southward components of interplanetary magnetic fields on the geomagnetic disturbances. It is used for prediction tests for 24 larger geomagnetic disturbance events that produced space anomalies during the period 1980–1999. The main results are: (1) for the onset time of the geomagnetic disturbance, the relative error between the observation, T_obs, and the prediction, T_pred, ΔT_pred/T_obs  10% for 45.8% of all events, 30% for 78.3% and >30% for only 21.7%; (2) for the magnetic disturbance magnitude, the relative error between the observation, ∑K_p,obs, and the prediction, ∑K_p,pred, Δ∑K_p,pred/∑K_p,obs  10% for 41.6% of all events, 30% for 79% and 45% for 100%. This shows that the prediction method described here has encouraging prospects for improving predictions of large geomagnetic disturbances in space weather events.     

高强度钢在马氏体点以下的贝氏体转变

许多高强度结构钢中都发现有马氏体开始转变点以下的贝氏体转变现象。综合使用膨胀法、导磁率法和金相硬度法测定了12CrNi3A,12Cr2Ni4A,30CrMnSiA和32Cr2MolVA等4种高强度钢在300℃左右等温时,在已转变的绝热马氏体存在的条件下发生的等温贝氏体转变。而且,已存在的马氏体量愈多,则随后发生的贝氏体转变时问愈短;证实马氏体有诱发贝氏体转变的效果。膨胀法与导磁率法对研究钢在马氏体开始转变点以下的贝氏体等温转变是十分有效的工具。     

有轴向通流的双旋转轴间流动换热的数值模拟

采用混合长度模型,用共轭数值计算的方法研究了具有轴向通流且内轴加热情况下的双旋转轴间的换热,得到了内轴、双轴间隙内的温度场,内轴外壁面的温度分布情况,内轴外壁面对流换热系数的分布情况,并与实验结果进行了比较,结果表明:经过修正的混合长度模型对具有轴向通流的双旋转轴间换热情况的计算是可行的.      

航天测控通信IP网中可控组播的实现

航天测控通信IP网中部分业务以组播方式传输,由于IP组播标准协议缺乏控制和管理方面的机制,带来了用户和业务管理等方面的问题。根据航天测控通信IP网络环境选择相应的组播协议,并对组播源、组播接收者、任意源组播RP、组播流四个方面配置相应的策略,实现了组播业务的可控传输。     

某型涡桨发动机吹风流场计算与试验对比

为评估安装于某型飞机的某涡桨发动机吹风流场,针对其装机状态,采用UG软件建立实体模型及流域计算模型,采用ICEM软件对流域进行网格划分,采用Fluent软件进行吹风流场稳态数值模拟,湍流模型选择S-A模型,转动域及静止域采用动参考系模型进行参数传递。为验证计算模型及计算方法的准确性,对发动机吹风流场的关键点风速进行了试验测量,结果表明:无量纲速度差基本在0.15内,单发在4.32 m高处无量纲速度差0.17,双发在6 m高处无量纲速度差0.3,吻合程度较好。验证了计算模型、计算方法的可行性,可进一步推广应用。     

Rotor Airload and Acoustics Prediction Based on CFD/CSD Coupling Method

An advanced airload and noise prediction method based on computational fluid dynamics/computational structural dynamics(CFD/CSD)coupling for helicopter rotor has been developed in this paper.In the present method,Navier-Stokes equation is applied as the governing equation,and a moving overset grid system is generated in order to account for the blade motions in rotation,flapping and pitching.The blade structural analysis is based on 14-DOF Euler beam model,and the finite element discretization is conducted on Hamilton′s variational principle and moderate deflection theory.Aerodynamic noise is calculated by Farassat 1 Aformula derived from FW-H equation.Using the developed method,numerical example of UH-60 Ais performed for aeroelastic loads calculation in a low-speed forward flight,and the calculated results are compared with both those from isolated CFD method and available experimental data.Then,rotor noise is emphatically calculated by CFD/CSD coupling method and compared with the isolated CFD method.The results show that the aerodynamic loads calculated from CFD/CSD method are more satisfactory than those from isolated CFD method,and the exclusion of blade structural deformation in rotor noise calculation may cause inaccurate results in low-speed forward flight state.     

对高层体系结构(HLA)的剖析

高层体系结构(HLA)着眼于仿真应用之间互操作和仿真应用的重用，从而大大改善综合仿真环境的有效性和经济性，并且促进分布交互式仿真(DIS)的发展。但是，HLA并非尽善尽美，有待日臻完善。     

随时间变化的应变疲劳可靠性模型

鉴于应变载荷和应变强度的随机波动性和可靠性的时间变化性，建立了随时间变化的动态应变疲劳干涉模型，算例演示了2种情况下（Manson－Coffin公式和3参数暴函数公式广P－ε－N曲线）动态应变可靠度的计算方法。     

航空铆钉连接件的抗冲击性能

以分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置为基础,设计了特殊的铆接试验件,对MS20615铆钉的铆接结构开展了动态加载下不同加载角度、不同加载速率的力学性能试验。结合其准静态试验结果,获得了铆接结构在纯剪切、30°拉剪耦合、45°拉剪耦合、60°拉剪耦合和纯拉伸试验下的力学性能参数。试验结果表明,加载角度、加载速率对铆接结构的失效载荷与失效模式有显著的影响。在试验结果的基础上,使用有限元软件LS-Dyna建立了铆接结构的简化模型,对比了试验和数值模拟得到的铆接结构载荷-位移曲线,并对简化数值模型进行了网格相关性分析,验证了简化的铆钉单元模型的可行性。