基于社会网络分析法在国内航空安全管理体系研究现状的应用与分析

社会网络分析法能够对国内航空安全管理体系研究现状提供客观定量的分析。以SMS为关键词,在CNKI里检索收录的相关文献。首先,用SATI软件对检索数据进行预处理,构建共词矩阵;然后,用社会网络分析法中的社会密度分析、中心性分析、聚类分析和核心-边缘分析方法对关键词进行研究,分析当前航空安全管理体系研究现状和其研究趋势,为今后研究航空安全管理体系领域提供了参考。     

动基座近舰面流场数值模拟

航母尾迹流场对舰载机的着舰有较大影响,所以需要对其流场特点进行研究,分析不同状态下舰载机气动特性的变化。采用嵌套网格技术对航母处于垂荡状态下无人机的着舰进行了模拟。首先,利用SFS2舰船进行数值计算,验证了舰船流场的数值模拟方法。然后,对比了单独无人机定常与非定常计算结果,表明所建立的嵌套网格适用于无人机流场的模拟。接着,对航母单相流和两相流的流场结果进行了分析,结果显示甲板下方的流动对甲板上方流场没有大的影响。因此,忽略了水的影响只对航母在空气流场中的特性进行研究,结果表明航母尾迹非定常特性明显,静止航母下滑轨迹上的速度均处于周期性波动状态,且波动幅值随着远离航母而逐渐衰减;而在垂荡情况下航母尾迹变得更加紊乱,水平方向速度波动的周期性减弱,但垂向速度的波动幅值进一步增大。对于静止航母,无人机在不同时刻着舰气动特性的变化也存在差异;当航母处于垂荡状态时,无人机的升力和俯仰力矩在短时间内会有更大的波动。     

柔性铰链放大式超磁致伸缩致动器磁弹耦合模型

针对超磁致伸缩致动器(GMA)输出位移有限的问题,采用柔性铰链放大机构放大GMA输出位移,利用材料力学理论、拉格朗日动力学方程和有限元法对柔性铰链放大机构的位移放大倍数、动力学特性进行了分析.结合Jiles-Atherton(J-A)模型和二次畴转模型建立了柔性铰链放大式GMA的磁弹耦合模型,并在软件AMESim&Simulink联合仿真环境中进行了数值仿真.制作了柔性铰链放大式GMA样机,对其进行了动态性能实验,仿真和实验表明:经过放大,柔性铰链放大式GMA输出位移可以达到0.4mm;频带宽超过100Hz;所建立的磁弹耦合模型是有效的.      

小型CPT原子钟的数字电路优化研究

CPT原子钟是一种体积小、功耗低、指标优的新型原子钟。本文对小型CPT原子钟数字滤波算法开展优化研究,采用CIC滤波器前端滤波,低阶FIR滤波器后端滤波。新滤波模块在保证相同的噪声抑制比的情况下,节约逻辑资源,降低整钟功耗。基于以上方案实现的滤波模块,获得了55dB的滤波效果,同时节省了约42%的FPGA逻辑资源。     

低温泵常见故障分析及其解决措施

文章对低温泵运行过程中所发生的冷头及氦压缩机典型故障进行了原因分析,并提出了解决措施。最后提出了使低温泵可靠稳定运行的建议。     

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

150kV/30kW逆变式电子束焊接高压电源设计

针对150kV/30kW电子束焊接高压电源高电压、大功率输出的要求,低压电路采用IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)逆变隔离直流电源与逆变全桥串联的主电路拓扑,高压电路由3组升压变压器与10倍压整流电路的串联结构并联组成;设计了高压采样电路、束流采样电路,以及双闭环控制电路.基于上述技术,实现了150kV/30kW高电压大功率输出.实验结果表明高压加速电源的输出线性度和束流输出线性度较好,同时高压稳定度和束流稳定度均在0.5%左右,能够满足电子束焊接的要求.     

摄影测量技术及其在航天器变形测量中的应用

文章介绍了摄影测量技术的测量原理,系统调研了近年来摄影测量技术在国内外航天器变形测量领域的发展概况,分析总结了该技术的发展趋势和关键技术,并结合我国的具体国情提出了当前变形测量技术发展的建议,为我国在航天器大型复杂部件微变形测量技术的发展提供借鉴和参考。     

Dynamics and control of spacecraft hovering using the geomagnetic Lorentz force

To achieve hovering, a spacecraft thrusts continuously to induce an equilibrium state at a desired position. Due to the constraints on the quantity of propellant onboard, long-time hovering around low-Earth orbits (LEO) is hardly achievable using traditional chemical propulsion. The Lorentz force, acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through a planetary magnetic field, provides a new propellantless method for orbital maneuvers. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the induced Lorentz force as an auxiliary means of propulsion for spacecraft hovering. Assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field is a dipole that rotates with the Earth, a dynamical model that characterizes the relative motion of Lorentz spacecraft is derived to analyze the required open-loop control acceleration for hovering. Based on this dynamical model, we first present the hovering configurations that could achieve propellantless hovering and the corresponding required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft. For other configurations, optimal open-loop control laws that minimize the control energy consumption are designed. Likewise, the optimal trajectories of required specific charge and control acceleration are both presented. The effect of orbital inclination on the expenditure of control energy is also analyzed. Further, we also develop a closed-loop control approach for propellantless hovering. Numerical results prove the validity of proposed control methods for hovering and show that hovering around low-Earth orbits would be achievable if the required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft becomes feasible in the future. Typically, hovering radially several kilometers above a target in LEO requires specific charges on the order of 0.1 C/kg.     

基于球几何特征的摄像机内参分步标定方法

在摄像机标定过程中,球形靶标对图像数量、拍摄角度要求小,能够适应遮挡环境,在使用中具有明显优势.在分析球投影模型几何性质的基础上,提出一种利用球靶标分步标定摄像机内部参数的方法.该方法通过拍摄一幅包含空间中2个不同位置球体的图像,得到图像中的2条投影二次曲线;利用2条投影二次曲线的对称轴和公切线计算球心投影点,通过投影二次曲线的对称轴确定图像主点坐标,根据球心投影点和图像主点的位置关系求解归一化焦距;利用整体优化算法得到内参标定结果.仿真数据实验分析了引入测量误差的主要因素,实物标定结果与平面方格靶标方法相比误差在5%之内,重复测量结果稳定.