航空发动机空气起动系统性能匹配计算方法

为了探索航空发动机空气起动系统的匹配机理,寻找改善全包线内系统性能的技术途径,通过对系统各单元工作特性及相互制约条件的分析,在综合辅助动力装置(APU)、引气管路、调压装置、空气涡轮起动机(ATS)特性计算模型的基础上,发展了一种基于各单元匹配的空气起动系统性能计算方法。该方法能够准确获取系统设计点、各单元特征参数及边界条件,确定APU引气特性、引气管路损失特性、ATS喉道面积和调压装置蝶阀调节规律,进而实现空气起动系统全包线特性计算。利用试验数据对模型进行了校验,结果表明,输出功率计算误差3.5%、引气流量计算误差4%。该模型克服了目前工程上只能单点计算,且需反复迭代的缺陷,为空气起动系统总体性能设计和评估提供了一种有效的分析工具。     

A New Exposed-terminal-free MAC Protocol for Multi-hop Wireless Networks

This article presents a new multichannel medium access control (MAC) protocol to solve the exposed-terminal (ET) problem for efficient channel sharing in multi-hop wireless networks. It uses request-to-send and clear-to-send (RTS/CTS) dialogue on a common channel and flexibly opts for conflict-free traffic channels to carry out the data packet transmission on the basis of a new channel selection scheme. The acknowledgment (ACK) packet for the data packet transmission is sent back to the sender over another common channel thus completely eliminating the exposed-terminal effects. Any adjacent communication pair can take full advantage of multiple traffic channels without collision and the spatial reuse of the same channel is extended to other communication pairs which are even within 2 hops from them. In addition, the hidden-terminal effect is also considerably reduced because most of possible packet collisions on a single channel are avoided due to traffic load balance on multichannels. Finally, a performance comparison is made between the proposed protocol and other typical MAC protocols. Simulation results evidence its obvious superiority to the MAC protocols associated with other channel selection schemes and traditional ACK transmission scheme as well as cooperative asynchronous multichannel MAC (CAM-MAC) protocol in terms of four performance indices: total channel utilization, average channel utilization, average packet delay, and packet dropping rate.     

基于结构随机跳变系统的制导交班边界设计

为了减小最终脱靶量,研究了系统存在随机扰动时交班切换边界定位问题。首先建立了具有中制导和末制导的结构随机跳变系统模型,然后根据结构随机跳变系统理论进行系统概率分析,并在此基础上结合优化算法,得到最优的交班切换边界,使得当前脱靶量的数学期望和方差最小。最后,进行了某型导弹纵向俯仰通道仿真,验证了该方法的有效性。     

A study of the plasmasphere density distribution using computed tomography methods from the EUV radiation data

In this paper, we introduce a new topic for imaging plasmasphere density with CT techniques. Both parallel-beam and fan-beam reconstruction formulas are derived with a special weighting function. Different from the traditional X-ray CT, the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation may be totally absorbed by the Earth. Only the portion between the Earth and the detector enters the EUV sensor and be measured. The key step in our derivation is to remove the complete absorption effect with a specific weighting function. Computer-simulation studies are present to verify our formulas for the plasmasphere density.     

碳纤维增强PEEK薄壁结构件加工工艺研究

对PEEK/CA450材料特性、切削性能进行了分析,通过加工试验研究了该材料典型薄壁零件的工艺特点、切削参数及热处理过程,优选出最佳的工艺参数。试验结果表明:优化零件结构设计可以有效降低材料内应力和加工难度;采用PCD刀具及合适的切削参数可以保证该材料薄壁零件的加工质量;加工过程中的热处理有助于提高产品的成品率和尺寸精度。采用优化后的工艺方法,最终成功加工出符合设计性能要求的PEEK/CA450薄壁零件。     

压气机特性曲线精确分步拟合方法研究

针对压气机特性曲线分步拟合中坐标变换方法不明确的问题,提出先对压比进行坐标变换,坐标变换中的参数对折合转速进行拟合,之后折合流量或效率分两步对压比和折合转速进行拟合的改进方法。用多个指标对拟合结果进行了评估,给出了拟合阶次的选取方法。实例说明了改进方法的有效性,进一步说明了拟合中坐标变换的意义,以及第二步系数拟合中牛顿插值法和最小二乘法的适用情形。     

纳秒激光对含能聚合物固体薄膜的烧蚀特性研究

含能聚合物是激光烧蚀微推进中一类重要的推进剂,聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)是其中的典型代表。为了研究含能聚合物固体薄膜在纳秒激光下的烧蚀特性,使用8ns脉宽的Nd:YaG激光器以反射式和透射式烧蚀GAP固体薄膜靶材,对羽流演化过程和烧蚀坑形态进行了研究。结果表明:反射式烧蚀的羽流中喷射产物以气态为主,固态碎片较少,受迫形成锥面喷射,羽流演化速度较快。透射式烧蚀喷射在约束作用下,有大量固态碎片以球面膨胀,约束在羽流演化的早期抑制了喷射速度,但会逐渐碎裂分解释放产物和能量,使喷射前沿再次加速,约束延长了烧蚀区在靶材滞留的时间,使透射式烧蚀的靶材内热传导效应更为显著。在此基础上,以不同激光能量密度透射式烧蚀靶材,研究透射式烧蚀能量沉积区与周围工质的侵蚀和约束关系。结果表明:激光能量密度越大,周围工质受到的侵蚀作用越强,烧蚀坑面积越大,能量沉积区受到的约束作用越弱,透射式烧蚀的羽流演化体现出部分反射式烧蚀的特征。     

电容式微加速度计闭环检测电路

针对硅微惯性器件中的微小差分电容检测,提出了一种应用于三明治结构差分电容式微机械加速度计的闭环检测电路.通过等电势屏蔽法,相干解调技术和增加激励信号对称性等技术屏蔽杂散电容,抑制了电路噪声和共模误差,提高了检测电路的微弱信号辨识能力;静电力平衡闭环检测克服了开环输出信号的非线性缺陷,实现了高线性度、高分辨率的电容检测.设计的闭环检测电路具有电路简单、线性度好、抗干扰性强和易于集成的特点.实验结果表明,加速度计量程可达±15g,电容分辨率可达10^-16F.     

运用损伤力学求解金属构件疲劳裂纹形成寿命的附加位移法

从损伤力学出发,建立了对金属构件疲劳裂纹形成过程进行损伤耦合的弹塑性应力分析及寿命估算的附加位移法。该方法较充分地利用了缺口构件疲劳损伤的局部性特点,其计算量远低于普通的全场数值解法。算例表明寿命的理论解与试验值基本吻合。该方法对于分析其他局部耦合问题也具有参考价值     

资源卫星光学遥感器发展近况

以美国、法国、印度和日本为例 ,文章介绍了 2 0 0 0年以后各国已发射的及计划发射的资源卫星及其光学遥感器