空间目标纯测角相对定位方法

探讨了利用多个传感器上同步收集的角度观测信息,使用带有差分-自校准方法的推广卡尔曼滤波器来进行空间目标相对定位的可行性。仿真结果表明该方法实时性强,收敛速度快,误差估计精确,具有很好的应用前景。     

印刷线路板设计参数对镀通孔可靠性的影响

基于镀通孔(PTH, Plated Through-Hole)应力分布模型,定量地研究了PTH线路板厚度与PTH直径之比(高径比)、PTH半径与镀层厚度之比、线路板有效作用半径与PTH半径之比等几何设计参数以及线路板玻璃化温度对PTH镀层应变及寿命的影响.通过引入等效温度载荷,给出了不同玻璃化温度下的应力分布模型.研究表明,在屈服温度载荷附近时,PTH应变和寿命对几何尺寸非常敏感.在固定线路板有效作用半径与PTH半径之比后,PTH高径比影响较为明显.对于一定厚度的线路板,PTH半径越小,镀层最大应变越大,寿命越低.在玻璃化温度以上,应变急剧增加.研究还表明应变集中系数并非固定不变,而是在弹性和塑性范围内有所变化.      

液体火箭发动机地面试车实时故障检测算法

为了实时有效地检测液体火箭发动机地面试车中的故障,提出了改进自适应阈值算法(IATA)。讨论了自适应阈值算法(ATA)的原理,研究了其改进方法,提高了算法对故障的敏感性和对新试车数据的适用性。通过大量历史试车数据和实际热试车对IATA算法实时性和有效性的验证表明,IATA算法不仅能够及时地检测到异常试车的故障,同时,对正常试车也没有误报警,简洁有效,计算量小,检测速度快。因此,IATA算法适用于液体火箭发动机地面试车的实时故障检测。     

超精密车床位置精度的计算机辅助测试系统

介绍了一种超精密车床位置精度的计算机辅助测试系统,利用激光干涉仪在线检测超精密车床伺服工作台线性定位精度．该系统利用了原有的控制装置和自行研制的与激光干涉仪的接口电路,通过数控编程实时对工作台的静态和动态位置精度进行检测,并分析了系统的测量精度．     

纵向过载环境下变质量欧拉梁动特性分析方法

过载是火箭的真实环境.考虑纵向过载环境,根据Hamilton变分原理,得到了欧拉梁变系数横向自由振动微分方程,证明了该变系数系统存在满足刚度和质量正交条件的本征解,揭示了纵向过载环境下欧拉梁本征函数的非对称性.用本征向量叠加方法和改进欧拉中点直接积分算法求解了该变系数系统的动态响应,二者结果的一致性说明该理论推导的正确性和方法的可行性.     

Chlorella vulgaris culture as a regulator of CO2 in a bioregenerative life support system

It is the primary task for a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS) to maintain the stable concentrations of CO₂ and O₂. However, these concentrations could fluctuate based on various factors, such as the imbalance between respiration/assimilation quotients of the heterotrophic and autotrophic components. They can even be out of balance through catastrophic failure of higher plants in the emergency conditions. In this study, the feasibility of using unicellular Chlorella vulgaris of typically rapid growth as both “compensatory system” and “regulator” to control the balance of CO₂ and O₂ was analyzed in a closed ecosystem. For this purpose, a small closed ecosystem called integrative experimental system (IES) was established in our laboratory where we have been conducting multi-biological life support system experiments (MLSSE). The IES consists of a closed integrative cultivating system (CICS) and a plate photo-bioreactor. Four volunteers participated in the study for gas exchange by periodical breathing through a tube connected with the CICS. The plate photo-bioreactor was used to cultivate C. vulgaris. Results showed that the culture of C. vulgaris could be used in a situation of catastrophic failure of higher plant under the emergencies. And the productivity could recover itself to the original state in 3 to 5 days to protect the system till the higher plant was renewed. Besides, C. vulgaris could grow well and the productivity could be affected by the light intensity which could help to keep the balance of CO₂ and O₂ in the IES efficiently. Thus, C. vulgaris could be included in the design of a BLSS as a “compensatory system” in the emergency contingency and a “regulator” during the normal maintenance.     

Solar energetic particle events during the rise phases of solar cycles 23 and 24

We present a comparative study of the properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares associated with the solar energetic particle (SEP) events in the rising phases of solar cycles (SC) 23 (1996–1998) (22 events) and 24 (2009–2011) (20 events), which are associated with type II radio bursts. Based on the SEP intensity, we divided the events into three categories, i.e. weak (intensity < 1 pfu), minor (1 pfu < intensity < 10 pfu) and major (intensity ? 10 pfu) events. We used the GOES data for the minor and major SEP events and SOHO/ERNE data for the weak SEP event. We examine the correlation of SEP intensity with flare size and CME properties. We find that most of the major SEP events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs originating close to the sun center and western-hemisphere. The fraction of halo CMEs in SC 24 is larger than the SC 23. For the minor SEP events one event in SC23 and one event in SC24 have widths < 120° and all other events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs as in the case of major SEP events. In case of weak SEP events, majority (more than 60%) of events are associated with CME width < 120°. For both the SC the average CMEs speeds are similar. For major SEP events, average CME speeds are higher in comparison to minor and weak events. The SEP event intensity and GOES X-ray flare size are poorly correlated. During the rise phase of solar cycle 23 and 24, we find north–south asymmetry in the SEP event source locations: in cycle 23 most sources are located in the south, whereas during cycle 24 most sources are located in the north. This result is consistent with the asymmetry found with sunspot area and intense flares.     

MEMS陀螺随机漂移在线补偿技术

为了提高微机电系统(MEMS,Micro Electro Mechanical System)陀螺测量的精度,提出了一种陀螺随机漂移的在线补偿方法.在静态时在线建立随机漂移的自回归滑动平均(ARMA,Auto Regressive Moving Average)模型,并针对随机漂移模型随时间慢变的特性,引入虚拟噪声补偿技术加以补偿.针对载体运动状况的未知性,建立机动角速率模型.在此基础上采用自适应卡尔曼滤波技术对随机漂移和角速率进行实时估计.通过试验表明:随机漂移模型、角速率模型以及滤波算法能够满足姿态测量系统的动态应用需要,且姿态测量精度较补偿前有了显著的提高.     

扩散制造任务建模及分解方法

针对扩散制造这种面向复杂武器装备批量生产的网络制造模式,提出了基于相关性的扩散任务建模及分解方法.定义了扩散任务及相关基本概念,分析了扩散任务相关性研究的必要性.通过给定的扩散任务相关准则,建立了扩散任务相关性模型.在此基础上,应用层次聚类算法,实现了扩散任务分解.通过实例讨论了扩散任务建模及分解的应用过程.     

两相流环缝塞式喷管设计方法

 在常滞后两相流假设下,提出改进的Angelino理想型面法和改进的“二次曲线+三次曲线”造型法设计两相流环缝塞式喷管;计算了这两种改进方法设计的塞式喷管性能。算例表明:在两相流条件下与未考虑两相流效应的气相理想方法设计的型面相比,改进的Angelino法设计的型面长度缩短近33%,推力增大约1%;改进的“二次曲线+三次曲线”造型法设计的型面长度减小近6%,性能提高约4%。