工业CT半扫描成像技术

工业CT即ICT(Industrial Computed Tomography)采用三代扫描方式对构件进行快速检测.但受探测器长度的限制,三代的扫描视场小,可检构件的尺寸受到限制.为解决较大尺寸构件ICT快速检测问题,讨论了一种工业CT半扫描成像技术,推导了其滤波反投影FBP(Filter Back-Projection)重构算法.该算法首先利用扇束三代CT重排原理,将半扫描形成的扇束投影数据修正为360°内不完备的平行束数据;然后利用平行束对称性,生成180°内完备的平行束数据;最后利用平行束重建算法实施重建.计算机模拟和实验结果证明了该技术的正确性.分析表明,其有效扫描视野比三代提高0.8倍以上.     

缝隙耦合HT对特性的分析

分析了通过窄缝隙耦俣的矩形波导Ｈ面Ｔ形接头对（以下简称ＨＴ对）的电气特性，利用等效原理和切向场连续性建立积分方程组，采用矩量法化积分方程为代数方程进行数值求解，获得散射场和等效散射参数，以Ｘ波段标准矩形波导ＨＴ接头对为例进行具体求解和计算，以及实验验证，得到良好结果。     

开孔泡沫塑料的应力松弛问题

开孔泡沫塑料具有良好的能量吸收和缓冲性能, 在工程中得到了广泛的应用, 对其粘弹性行为进行研究具有重要的意义.基于Lederman模型,应用三参数标准线性固体模型考虑基体的粘弹性性能,对开孔泡沫塑料的应力松弛行为进行了研究,并讨论了所加应变载荷、结构参数和泊松比对应力松弛曲线的影响.结果表明:应力松弛曲线对泊松比是不敏感的,并且,应变载荷的增加和相对密度的提高会使应力松弛变得更加明显,但应力响应的初始值和终值的比却不随应变载荷的提高而变化.     

Utilization of sweet potatoes in controlled ecological life support systems (CELSS).

A number of studies have selected the sweet potato as a potentially important crop for CELSS. Most hydroponic studies of sweet potatoes have been short term (<80 days). Full term (90 to 150 days) studies of sweet potatoes in hydroponic systems were needed to understand the physiology of storage root enlargement and to evaluate sweet potato production potential for CELSS. Early and late maturing sweet potato varieties were crown in hydroponic systems of different types--static with periodic replacement, flowing with and without recirculation, aggregate, and non-aggregate. In a flowing system with recirculation designed at Tuskegee University using the nutrient film technique (NFT), storage root yields as high as 1790 g were produced with an edible growth rate of up to 66 g m-2 d-1 and a harvest index as high as 89% under greenhouse conditions. Preliminary experiments indicated high yields can be obtained in controlled environmental chambers. Significant cultivar differences were found in all systems studied. Nutritive composition of storage roots and foliage were similar to field-grown plants. The results indicate great potential for sweet potato in CELSS.     

Characterizing slope correction methods applied to satellite radar altimetry data: A case study around Dome Argus in East Antarctica

Slope correction is important to improve the accuracy of satellite radar elevation measurements by mitigating the slope-induced error (SE), especially over uneven ground surfaces. Although several slope correction methods have been proposed, guidance in the form of stepwise algorithm on how to implement these methods in processing radar altimetric data at the coding level, and the differences among these methods need to be presented and discussed systematically. In this paper, three existing types of slope correction methods—the direct method (DM), intermediate method (IM), and relocation method (RM, further divided into RM1 and RM2)—are described in detail. In addition, their main differences and features for various scientific applications are analyzed. We conduct a systematic experiment with CryoSat-2 Low Resolution Mode (LRM) data in a physically stable area around Dome Argus in East Antarctica, where in-situ measurements were available for comparison. The slope correction is implemented separately using the three methods, with the latest high-accuracy Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) as the a-priori topography model. The bias and precision of the slope-corrected CryoSat-2 data results from the RM2 is ?0.18 ± 0.86 m based on the comparison with the field Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. The results from the RM2 indicate higher precision compared to those from the RM1. According to the correlation analysis of the slope-corrected CryoSat-2 data results (RM1 and RM2), the bias enlarges and the precision becomes worse when the surface slope increases from 0 to 0.85°. After a comprehensively comparative analysis, we find that the results from the RM1 and RM2 are superior in precision (0.93 m and 0.86 m) with respect to the GNSS data. The relatively low precision (1.22 m) from the IM is due to the potential error from the a-priori digital elevation model (DEM). The DM has the lowest precision (2.66 m). Another experiment over rough topography in West Antarctica is carried out for comparison, especially between the RM1 (precision of 15.27 m) and RM2 (precision of 16.25 m). In general, the RM is recommended for the SE elimination among the three methods. Moreover, the RM2 is firstly considered over smooth topography due to the superior performance in bias and precision, while the RM1 is more suggested over the rough topography because of the slightly smaller bias and better precision. The IM relies much on the accuracy of the a-prior DEM and is not usually recommended, because of the strict requirement in the sampling time between the radar altimetry data and the a-priori DEM to avoid any surface change over time.     

Design and analysis of a direct transfer trajectory from a near rectilinear halo orbit to a low lunar orbit

A near rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO) is regarded as a potential orbit for a future deep space station that can effectively support sustainable crewed lunar exploration missions. In this paper, the L₂ southern NRHOs are selected as the research object, and a direct transfer trajectory from an NRHO to a low lunar orbit (LLO) is designed and analyzed. First, based on the circular restricted three-body problem, the characteristics of NRHOs are discussed including geometric behaviour, stability and synodic resonance. Second, optimal direct transfer trajectories are obtained by combining a local gradient optimization with a numerical continuation strategy. A reachable domain calculation model is established. Finally, simulations are carried out to verify the feasibility of the trajectory design method. The relationship between the velocity change and the reachable domain is further analysed through simulation calculations.     

基于温度参数的经验密度模式修正方法

大气阻力是影响低轨航天器众多空间操作的重要因素,尤其是经验密度模式,固有的至少15%的误差已经严重制约航天器轨道计算精度的提高。针对广泛应用的经验密度模式,选择物理背景简明的Jacchia71模式,以温度参数Tc和Tx为对象,建立密度相对于上述温度参数的条件方程,推导了密度相对于温度参数的解析偏导数,并给出其最小二乘解。利用CHAMP卫星数据对模式修正结果进行验证,模式平均误差从40%降低至3%左右。通过TG01飞行器的轨道预报比较,修正前后轨道预报误差从2 km降低至1.3 km。经过CHAMP卫星和TG01飞行器的实测数据检验,验证了修正算法的正确性和有效性。     

编制设计模版提高设计质量

分析航天型号研制工作中继承性、延续性、规范化对设计模版编制的迫切需求,阐述设计模版编制的原则、形式与内容、编制要求等以及设计模版的完善与应用情况,介绍一部开展设计模版分批编制的经验与体会.