Influence of TiB2 particles on machinability and machining parameter optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs

In situ formed TiB₂ particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB₂/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB₂ particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB₂/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB₂ particles on the machinability of TiB₂/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB₂/Al MMCs is bigger than that of non-reinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB₂/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB₂/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material.     

全民健身运动的体育资源开发调查与分析

摘 运用文献资料法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法、数理统计法来进行调查与研究，从长沙市全民健身运动开展的体育资源利用实际情况出发，对长沙市全民健身运动开展的情况进行分析，根据全民健身运动过程中体育资源利用的情况，结合实际，提出了全民健身运动开展体育资源开发的对策，希望能为建立符合长沙市实际情况需要的全民健身运动发展模式寻求理...     

纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系

从细观力学角度分析并建立了纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料从制备温度冷却到室温过程中产生的残余热应力与复合材料的比例极限应力的关系模型。该模型表明,减少复合材料的残余热应力或提高复合材料的纤维与基体的模量比,均可提高复合材料的比例极限应力。通过单调拉伸实验测试了先驱体浸渍裂解法(PIP)制备的2D SiC/SiC复合材料的比例极限应力,并采用文中建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型,计算出复合材料SiC基体的残余热应力为-19.5 MPa。分析表明,该结果是合理的。此外,引用了公开文献报道的5种复合材料体系数据,用于验证文中所建立的比例极限应力与残余热应力关系模型的适应性和可靠性,计算结果与实验结果最大误差为18.6%,表明该模型具有较好的适应性和可靠性,可为纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料的研究提供新思路。     

Adaptive suppression of passive intermodulation in digital satellite transceivers

For the performance issues of satellite transceivers suffering passive intermodulation interference,a novel and effective digital suppression algorithm is presented in this paper.In con trast to analog approaches,digital passive intermodulation (PIM) suppression approaches can be easily reconfigured and therefore are highly attractive for future satellite communication systems.A simplified model of nonlinear distortion from passive microwave devices is established in consid eration of the memory effect.The multiple high-order PIM products falling into the receiving band can be described as a bilinear predictor function.A suppression algorithm based on a bilinear poly nomial decorrelated adaptive filter is proposed for baseband digital signal processing.In consideration of the time-varying characteristics of passive intermodulation,this algorithm can achieve the rapidness of online interference estimation and low complexity with less consumption of resources.Numerical simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively compensate the passive intermodulation interference,and achieve a high signal-to-interference ratio gain.     

Air route network optimization in fragmented airspace based on cellular automata

Air route network optimization,one of the essential parts of the airspace planning,is an effective way to optimize airspace resources,increase airspace capacity,and alleviate air traffic con gestion.However,little has been done on the optimization of air route network in the fragmented airspace caused by prohibited,restricted,and dangerous areas (PRDs).In this paper,an air route network optimization model is developed with the total operational cost as the objective function while airspace restriction,air route network capacity,and non-straight-line factors (NSLF) are taken as major constraints.A square grid cellular space,Moore neighbors,a fixed boundary,together with a set of rules for solving the route network optimization model are designed based on cellular automata.The empirical traffic of airports with the largest traffic volume in each of the 9 flight information regions in mainland China is collected as the origin-destination (OD) air port pair demands.Based on traffic patterns,the model generates 35 air routes which successfully avoids 144 PRDs.Compared with the current air route network structure,the number of nodes decreases by 41.67％,while the total length of flight segments and air routes drop by 32.03％ and 5.82％ respectively.The NSLF decreases by 5.82％ with changes in the total length of the air route network.More importantly,the total operational cost of the whole network decreases by 6.22％.The computational results show the potential benefits of the model and the advantage of the algorithm.Optimization of air route network can significantly reduce operational cost while ensuring operation safety.     

振动载荷和定应变对HTPB推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面影响

为研究振动载荷和定应变对HTPB推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面的影响,进行了振动载荷和定应变作用下HTPB推进剂高温老化试验,测试了不同载荷和老化时间下推进剂的宏观力学性能,利用扫描电镜观测了推进剂的细观破坏过程,基于颗粒增强本构理论,分析了推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面的损伤规律。结果表明,振动载荷和定应变的作用使HTPB推进剂的初始模量和抗拉强度均减小,高温老化、定应变和振动载荷的作用都会破坏推进剂基体/颗粒粘接界面、降低推进剂固体颗粒模量增强效果,定应变状态下振动载荷作用后,粘接界面损伤最严重。     

A cost driven predictive maintenance policy for structural airframe maintenance

Airframe maintenance is traditionally performed at scheduled maintenance stops.The decision to repair a fuselage panel is based on a fixed crack size threshold,which allows to ensure the aircraft safety until the next scheduled maintenance stop.With progress in sensor technology and data processing techniques,structural health monitoring (SHM) systems are increasingly being considered in the aviation industry.SHM systems track the aircraft health state continuously,lead ing to the possibility of planning maintenance based on an actual state of aircraft rather than on a fixed schedule.This paper builds upon a model-based prognostics framework that the authors developed in their previous work,which couples the Extended Kalman filter (EKF) with a first order perturbation (FOP) method.By using the information given by this prognostics method,a novel cost driven predictive maintenance (CDPM) policy is proposed,which ensures the aircraft safety while minimizing the maintenance cost.The proposed policy is formally derived based on the trade-off between probabilities of occurrence of scheduled and unscheduled maintenance.A numerical case study simulating the maintenance process of an entire fleet of aircrafts is imple mented.Under the condition of assuring the same safety level,the CDPM is compared in terms of cost with two other maintenance policies:scheduled maintenance and threshold based SHM maintenance.The comparison results show CDPM could lead to significant cost savings.     

基于自适应径向基网络的舰船RCS统计特征识别方法

文章采用舰船RCS频域起伏序列的均值、标准差为识别特征向量,利用提出的基于样本密度的自适应径向基网络,进行舰船分类识别研究。自适应径向基网络采用改进的自适应PSO方法估计样本密度最优邻域半径,实现径向基网络中心的自适应选择。改进的自适应PSO方法采用能反映样本聚类特点的BWP指标为适应度评价函数,采用快慢结合的高斯自适应惯性权重调节策略,提高了最优样本密度邻域半径的搜索速度和精度。实验结果表明,自适应径向基网络能自适应获得径向基网络最优识别率对应的RBF中心及其位置分布,减少了对建模人员经验的依赖,提高了反舰导弹对舰船类型的识别分类能力。     

基于可靠性寿命分布的元件库存确定方法

合理地确定元件库存周期对提高库存经济性和保证元件可靠性具有重要意义。根据航空结构元件可靠性符合浴盆曲线分布、Weibull分布、线性递增分布和指数分布的情况,提出了结构元件可靠度分析的方法,根据飞机运行数据拟合结构元件可靠度分布,根据其可靠性分布可确定元件失效时间,再由失效时间确定元件库存周期。针对飞机滑轨中的结构元件进行了算例分析,其可靠性服从威布尔分布,符合元件运行实际情况,由此确定的库存周期与实际需求相符,算例分析表明,提出的方法合理,为确定元件库存周期提供了一个合理可行的方法。     

双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人切换运动控制方法

针对一种双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人,通过分析该机器人在飞机表面上的受力情况,在飞机表面该机器人受到了非完整约束,基于牛顿-欧拉法建立了机器人非完整约束动力学模型。根据机器人机械结构和运动步态分析,将该非完整机器人系统分为子系统A和子系统B。为了实现机器人在飞机表面运动,采用反演技术和快速Terminal滑模控制相结合的思想对系统设计了控制器,提出了一种反演-滑模控制方法;对于非完整机器人子系统A和子系统B,设计了一种基于事件驱动的切换策略,实现了机器人对期望轨迹的全局渐近跟踪,并利用Lyapunov稳定性证明系统的跟踪误差收敛。仿真和试验表明,采用该切换策略和反演-滑模控制方法,双框架飞机蒙皮检测机器人可以在飞机表面自由运动并进行损伤检测,具有良好的可靠性和稳定性。