近地轨道卫星的地影预报算法

针对传统地影预报算法计算量大,不适合星载计算机进行地影时刻自主预报的问题,提出一种地影预报星上算法。通过构造降维坐标系将卫星进出地影过程转换为“星-地-日”平面内的几何问题;基于常数变易法推导出阴影条件的隐式解析公式,其方程系数可由实时轨道参数确定。为简化计算,将星上算法设计为双层结构：构造迭代算法,依据实时轨道参数可精确预报卫星在每个节点上的地影时刻;而在任意两个节点之间采用解析算法进行近似预报。仿真结果表明,星上算法的预报精度高且计算量小,适合星载计算机进行地影时刻自主预报。     

一种无人机旋翼设计方法

为了提高多旋翼无人机的航时,本文提出了一种无人机旋翼设计方法.该方法根据给定的爬升速度、旋翼转速、拉力、旋翼直径、桨叶数、翼型,能够计算出最大力效旋翼的几何特性,包括弦长分布、桨叶角分布.利用该方法设计了某型无人机的旋翼,得到了桨叶角和弦长沿径向的分布.制作了旋翼模型,并且开展了旋翼台架试验.在不同转速下,测量出拉力、...     

Performability analysis of avionics system with multilayer HM/FM using stochastic Petri nets

The integrated modular avionics (IMA) architecture is an open standard in avionics industry, in which the number of functionalities implemented by software is greater than ever before. In the IMA architecture, the reliability of the avionics system is highly affected by the software applications. In order to enhance the fault tolerance feature with regard to software application failures, many industrial standards propose a layered health monitoring/fault management (HM/FM) scheme to periodically check the health status of software application processes and recover the malfunctioning software process whenever an error is located. In this paper, we make an analytical study of the HM/FM system for avionics application software. We use the stochastic Petri nets (SPN) to build a formal model of each component and present a method to combine the components together to form a complete system model with respect to three interlayer query strategies. We further investigate the effectiveness of these strategies in an illustrative system.     

直升机红外诱饵干扰研究与仿真

对武装直升机最大的威胁源是各类空空地空导弹.其中,名气较大的有"天燕"系列空空导弹、"前卫"系列地空导弹和"毒刺"地空导弹.它们大部分是基于红外点源制导,所以点源红外诱饵是武装直升机的主要防护手段.基于红外质心干扰原理分析了投放时机、压制比和投放间隔.最后,通过仿真实验进行了验证.     

硼酸金属化合物的制备及其电催化活性

采用电化学沉积法于室温、碱性条件下在氧化铟锡(ITO,Indium Tin Oxide)表面制备了硼酸钴(CoBi)、硼酸镍(NiBi)、硼酸锰(MnBi)、硼酸铑(RhBi)、硼酸钯(PdBi)几种无定形的硼酸金属化合物薄膜,并对其形貌和结构进行表征,结果表明几种薄膜均为无定形结构.将这几种硼酸金属化合物应用于电化学催化水氧化制氧,对比其催化活性,发现CoBi,NiBi,RhBi具有较高的催化性能,而MnBi和PdBi催化活性较低.进一步研究硼酸pH值对CoBi电催化水分解的影响.发现硼酸有利于金属化合物的制备,pH7~11范围内,HBO₃^2-作为质子受体含量逐渐增大,能接受放氧过程产生的质子,促进催化水分解过程的进行.所得催化剂可自我修复,实现循环利用.     

基于小波变换的光纤周界定位系统

为提高基于双Mach-Zehnder干涉仪结构的光纤周界定位系统的定位精度,对信号频率范围及信噪比对系统定位精度的影响进行了理论分析和仿真研究.在此基础上,提出在选用光缆时需要兼顾对外界振动的敏感性和对外场复杂环境的适应性,以确保在长期可靠运行的前提下,扩展采集信号的频率范围;使用小波阈值降噪算法,提取振动信号的有效频率成分,滤除噪声,提高信噪比.最后进行了监测距离31 km的外场实验,验证了所选用光缆的优良性能和小波降噪算法的有效性.     

任意曲面上射线的寻迹方法

为计算任意曲面上天线间的隔离度,提出一种射线寻迹的新算法——最小夹角法.首先对任意曲面表面进行三角形网格剖分,并按照文中要求的格式生成模型表面网格数据;用文中提出的"最小夹角法"对上述网格数据进行处理,从而达到快速准确地找出任意曲面上、任意两点间的短程线.求解了位于圆柱体、椭球体及任意组合体上任意两点间的短程线长度,验证了"最小夹角法"的准确性.     

管式间接蒸发冷却器换热管的亲水性

对管式间接蒸发冷却器在应用过程中存在的换热管表面亲水性较差的问题进行分析,介绍亲水性的表征方法,分析亲水涂膜需要具备的性能,并详细介绍了三种亲水涂膜各自的特点及亲水机理。提出采用亲水溶液对铝箔表面进行亲水整理的方法来提高其亲水性,结果显示经过亲水处理后铝箔表面亲水性和持续亲水性都大大提高。     

天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统设计与试验

考虑到火星探测任务着陆过程动态变化大,稀薄大气环境下开伞会对探测器产生剧烈晃动,为此天问一号探测器研制了一套高动态着陆惯导系统,从硬件产品、使用时序到导航算法方面均进行了针对性设计,以适应着陆过程中的高动态环境.此外,为验证天问一号探测器高动态着陆惯导系统的性能,设计了模拟火星开伞工况的火箭弹高空开伞试验,结果表明该高...     

Recent Developments on Damage and Fracture of Thin-Walled Complex Components Produced by Spinning

The spinning technique has been widely used in the manufacture of aerospace thin-walled axisymmetric components because of its excellent formability. Damage and fracture, as the important defects that often occur and must be avoided in the forming and service stages of components, have attracted much attention of researchers. In this paper, the fracture behavior and laws of spinning components such as conical parts, tubular parts, and components with inner ribs are summarized, the typical coupled and uncoupled ductile fracture models are introduced, and their applications in spinning are analyzed. Meanwhile, the recent developments on the modified ductile fracture model in analyzing damage and fracture mechanisms of spinning are emphatically introduced. The results could provide guidance for the selection and establishment of appropriate ductile fracture models in the finite element simulation for the accurate prediction and analysis of fracture moment, location, form, damage mechanism, and evolution law, and help the development of precision spinning techniques for high-performance thin-walled complex components.