决策表—一种DSS系统自动生成方法的设计

在决策支持系统(DS5)中,许多规则库文件可以通过决策表来自动生成。本文论述的是:决策表概念;用dBAsEⅢ系统建立决策表,自动生成规则库;汉字型决策表方法的设计;决策表相容性检测的算法及实现。     

狭窄空间内沸腾传热机理

通过实验观察,分析了狭窄空间内沸腾传热特征,得到表征通道宽度的Ｂｏｎｄ数存在临界值（０．６）。通道超临界和亚临界情况沸腾传热机理完全不同。对于超临界通道（Ｂｏｎｄ数≥０．６）沸腾传热是池沸腾传热和液相对流传热的叠加。亚临界通道（Ｂｏｎｄ数＜０．６）情况,加热表面被聚合汽泡和液柱周期性交替冲刷。汽泡通过加热面时,汽泡与加热面间存在一层薄液膜,这时主要通过液膜蒸发传热。液柱通过时为液相对流传热。上述模型均考虑了介质沿加热面的流动。模型预测的结果与实验值吻合良好,同时也证实了狭窄通道强化传热时存在最佳宽度与高度。     

基于小波的周期信号中瞬态冲击特征提取

小波变换具有优良的时频分析特性,利用小波变换提取周期信号中的微弱瞬态冲击非常有效。为了消除ＭＡＬＬＡＴ算法中的频率混淆,本文提出了一种改进的二进离散小波变换快速算法,并成功地利用小波变换提取了某型涡喷发动机滚珠轴承的早期故障特征,实现了傅立叶变换所达不到的效果。     

Two energy release processes for CMEs: MHD catastrophe and magnetic reconnection

It remains an open question how magnetic energy is rapidly released in the solar corona so as to create solar explosions such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Recent studies have confirmed that a system consisting of a flux rope embedded in a background field exhibits a catastrophic behavior, and the energy threshold at the catastrophic point may exceed the associated open field energy. The accumulated free energy in the corona is abruptly released when the catastrophe takes place, and it probably serves as the main means of energy release for CMEs at least in the initial phase. Such a release proceeds via an ideal MHD process in contrast with nonideal ones such as magnetic reconnection. The catastrophe results in a sudden formation of electric current sheets, which naturally provide proper sites for fast magnetic reconnection. The reconnection may be identified with a solar flare associated with the CME on one hand, and produces a further acceleration of the CME on the other. On this basis, several preliminary suggestions are made for future observational investigations, especially with the proposed Kuafa satellites, on the roles of the MHD catastrophe and magnetic reconnection in the magnetic energy release associated with CMEs and flares.     

两种桨尖形状旋翼模型试验特性对比

本文介绍了一副研制型旋翼模型在CARDC 8m×6m低速风沿的试验概况,给出了两种桨尖形状旋翼模型试验的悬停效率、前飞需用功率、变距拉杆载荷、桨叶载荷及振动特性的对比结果。并对结果进行分析,得出不同桨尖形状对旋翼一些特性的贡献。     

声发射技术在直升机桨叶大梁疲劳试验裂纹检测中的应用

本文介绍了声发射技术在直升机桨叶大梁疲劳试验裂纹监测中的应用,并分析了现场试验中遇到的几种干扰及其辨别。这些干扰源包括电磁波、试件与工作台的摩擦、撞击等等。     

An introduction of mountain-based GPS radio occultation experiments in China

The mountain-based GPS radio occultation is a novel approach to lower atmospheric profiling. The experiments of the mountain-based GPS radio occultation were conducted on the top of Mt. Yaogu (29.38°N, 113.68°E, ∼1240 m) on December 17, 2003, and on the top of Mt. Jiugong (29.39°N, 114.65°E, ∼1550 m) on July 24, 2004. Based on these observation data, the scientific data processing software has been developed and is used to retrieve successfully the atmospheric refractivity profiles. The validation experiment was performed on the top of Mt. Wuling (40.60°N, 117.48°E, ∼2118 m) during August 1–29, 2005. Collocated automatic weather station and the radiosondes nearby were operated simultaneously for the comparison campaign. Results show that the radio occultation technique obtained about 40 profiles every day with the receiver antenna pointing to the south. Comparisons show that the refractivity measured by occultation agree well with those by the radiosondes, but not well with those by the automatic weather station due to their much different geographic locations of measurements. Results of these experiments suggest that the mountain-based GPS radio occultation is an economic reliable novel technique monitoring temporal and spatial variations of local lower atmospheric environments.     

一种基于模糊决策的矩形目标提取算法

航空图片中的城市建筑物屋顶一般为矩形或平行四边形,能准确而快速地提取矩形,无论在军事上还是民用上都具有非常重要的意义.针对从航空图像中自动提取矩形建筑物目标的问题,提出了一种基于模糊决策的矩形目标提取方法.首先根据直线提取方法得到的直线特征集生成假设矩形空间,进而采用模糊数学方法进行证据融合得到决策信息,并对生成的假设矩形进行选择与验证,得到矩形目标结构特征.实验结果表明,该算法避免了固定阈值的设定,适应性强,鲁棒性好,有较强的实际应用价值.      

小尺度孔的流量系数试验

对小尺度孔的流量系数进行了试验研究,并讨论了其流量系数在不同几何和流动参数下的变化规律.小孔直径为0.5,1.0,2.0 mm和3.0 mm;孔间距为5,10和20;长径比为1,2和4;倾斜角为30°,60°和90°;雷诺数Re低于6 000.通过试验可得孔的倾斜角度是影响流量系数的决定性因素之一,孔径对流量系数有显著影响,长径比和孔间距对流量系数均有不同程度的影响.该结果对小尺度孔在叶片气膜或冲击冷却的设计和研究中有重要意义.     

细长体空间涡系的观测

本文用流态显示技术和空间总压测量,对于钝头和尖拱形头部两个细长旋成体模型在中等和大迎角状态的复杂背涡系进行了实验研究。侧重于“二次分离区”的流动观察和测量。实验表明:在中等迎角时细长体背风面上存在有一对二次涡,它们的旋转方向相反;靠外侧的一个涡尺度较大,其旋转方向与同侧主涡相同,当同侧主涡破裂时,它也发生破裂。随迎角进一步增加此涡呈现出从物面上间断地形成和脱落。