Experiment on the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vernov</Emphasis> satellite: Transient energetic processes in the Earth’s atmosphere and magnetosphere. Part I: Description of the experiment

The program of physical studies on the Vernov satellite launched on July 8, 2014 into a polar (640 × 830 km) solar-synchronous orbit with an inclination of 98.4° is presented. We described the complex of scientific equipment on this satellite in detail, including multidirectional gamma-ray detectors, electron spectrometers, red and ultra-violet detectors, and wave probes. The experiment on the Vernov satellite is mainly aimed at a comprehensive study of the processes of generation of transient phenomena in the optical and gamma-ray ranges in the Earth’s atmosphere (such as high-altitude breakdown on runaway relativistic electrons), the study of the action on the atmosphere of electrons precipitated from the radiation belts, and low- and high-frequency electromagnetic waves of both space and atmospheric origin.     

航天器热平衡温度预测的粒子群算法

为解决航天器热平衡试验温度外推预测方法中存在的问题,提出了热平衡温度预测的粒子群优化算法。根据热平衡温度模型,建立待优化的目标函数以及热平衡温度粒子群算法的计算流程。依据某型号卫星热平衡试验的前期温度数据,对热平衡极限温度以及瞬时温度进行预测,并与实测数据进行了比对。计算结果与实测数据相比具有较好的一致性,所提出的方法可有效地应用于航天器热平衡试验温度预测。     

低速两段翼型的数值模拟

在多段翼型风洞实验中,很难观察翼型不同迎角下主翼、襟翼上的绕流及缝道流动。使用了O-H型混合的结构化网格,采用k-ε二方程湍流模型求解可压的N—S方程来模拟二元风洞中两段翼型的流场。计算结果与实验进行了比较,结果表明：计算与实验结果吻合良好,说明本方法可以较好地模拟两段翼型的绕流,并能很好地显示流场的变化情况。另外,从结果中可以看出：随着迎角的变化,主翼尾流和缝道间的流动对襟翼附面层分离有很大的影响作用。     

复合弯扭涡轮叶片尾缝的快速建模

尾缝是涡轮叶片中的重要冷却结构.为解决复合弯扭叶片尾缝的精确建模问题并提高其建模效率,提出了包含尾缝工具体创建和尾缝窗口创建过程的创成式尾缝快速建模方法.首先通过叶身内外型截面线自动匹配算法、叶盆叶背曲线方位判断算法,创建具有和叶身相同或相近弯扭状况的尾缝工具体.之后借助自定义的数据结构记录各组尾缝窗口信息,创建多组不同规格的尾缝窗口,完成尾缝建模.最后使用UG Open API工具开发了尾缝快速建模程序,并通过实例验证了所提出方法的可行性.      

Navigation support for the RadioAstron mission

A developed method of determination of orbital parameters allows one to estimate, along with orbit elements, some additional parameters that characterize solar radiation pressure and perturbing accelerations due to unloadings of reactiion wheels. A parameterized model of perturbing action of solar radiation pressure on the spacecraft motion is described (this model takes into account the shape, reflecting properties of surfaces, and spacecraft attitude). Some orbit determination results are presented obtained by the joint processing of radio measurements of slant range and Doppler, laser range measurements used to calibrate the radio measurements, optical observations of right ascension and declination, and telemetry data on spacecraft thrusters’ firings during an unloading of reaction wheels.     

战备完好性评估建模与分析

战备完好性是影响舰空导弹作战效能的重要保障性综合参数。在分析了舰空导弹舰上使用剖面一般形式的基础上,给出了舰空导弹舰上使用阶段战备完好性的定义,建立了无定检和有定检 2种情况下的战备完好性评估模型,并分析了值班可靠度、定检时间、舰上贮存备用导弹数量等因素对战备完好性的影响关系。文章可为舰空导弹舰上使用保障决策提供重要的理论依据。     

The OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES) Instrument

The OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES) will provide remote measurements of mineralogy and thermophysical properties of Bennu to map its surface, help select the OSIRIS-REx sampling site, and investigate the Yarkovsky effect. OTES is a Fourier Transform spectrometer covering the spectral range 5.71–100 μm (\(1750\mbox{--}100~\mbox{cm}^{-1}\)) with a spectral sample interval of \(8.66~\mbox{cm}^{-1}\) and a 6.5-mrad field of view. The OTES telescope is a 15.2-cm diameter Cassegrain telescope that feeds a flat-plate Michelson moving mirror mounted on a linear voice-coil motor assembly. A single uncooled deuterated l-alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DLATGS) pyroelectric detector is used to sample the interferogram every two seconds. Redundant ～0.855 μm laser diodes are used in a metrology interferometer to provide precise moving mirror control and IR sampling at 772 Hz. The beamsplitter is a 38-mm diameter, 1-mm thick chemical vapor deposited diamond with an antireflection microstructure to minimize surface reflection. An internal calibration cone blackbody target provides radiometric calibration. The radiometric precision in a single spectrum is \(\leq2.2 \times 10^{-8}~\mbox{W}\,\mbox{cm}^{-2}\,\mbox{sr} ^{-1}/\mbox{cm}^{-1}\) between 300 and \(1350~\mbox{cm}^{-1}\). The absolute integrated radiance error is \(<1\%\) for scene temperatures ranging from 150 to 380 K. The overall OTES envelope size is \(37.5 \times 28.9 \times 52.2~\mbox{cm}\), and the mass is 6.27 kg. The power consumption is 10.8 W average. OTES was developed by Arizona State University with Moog Broad Reach developing the electronics. OTES was integrated, tested, and radiometrically calibrated on the Arizona State University campus in Tempe, AZ.     

Cognitive Graphical Additions to the Interfaces of Command Measurement Systems for Aerospace Application

The methods of cognitive graphical information presentation are considered to support decision-making in earth stations of command measurement systems. The work is performed on transforming telemetric data, readings of the sensors of space module and earth station into visual images.     

飞翼布局飞行器航向射流控制方案优化

由于飞翼布局飞行器取消了垂尾,其航向控制困难。为辅助和优化航向控制,基于射流控制技术设计了多种激励方案。设计并制作了航向射流控制激励器,通过风洞测力实验和二维数值模拟,对各方案的控制效果和作用机理进行分析,并选取出最优控制方案。研究结果表明:相同射流动量系数下,产生阻力比施加推力更容易获得偏航力矩。当激励开启后,射流包含与来流相逆的分量越多,与来流作用越明显,形成的分离区越大,控制效果越好。其中前对称吹气为最优控制方案,可以产生约70°阻力舵偏转效果,且力矩耦合程度较小。      

定压活门稳定性定量分析

提出了一种定压活门(CPV)稳定性的定量分析方法.首先通过稳态分析,得到影响定压活门稳态性能的主要参数.通过小偏差动态分析,获得定压活门闭环极点根轨迹图.提出临界进口压力概念,得到5个主要结构参数对定压活门稳定裕度的定量影响:弹簧刚度对稳定裕度影响很小;而增大阀芯直径,提高阻尼系数,增加负载,减小定压腔容积都分别能够明显提高定压活门的稳定裕度,计算结果与实际工程经验及AMESim仿真结果基本一致.最终,得出增强定压活门稳定裕度的改进措施和设计方法:①定压活门改进问题,最有效的方法为改动出口流通面积;②定压活门设计时,首先应根据其工作进口压力要求及最小负载,确定临界进口压力,然后通过动态分析,以阀芯面积和定压腔容积作为主要的设计参数.