带轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩试验

在Ma 6风洞内,通过高频脉动压力测试技术和基于纳米粒子示踪的平面激光散射(NPLS)技术,分别对带前向、后向轴对称台阶的圆锥高超声速边界层转捩进行了试验研究。采用功率谱密度分析和互相关计算等方法对脉动压力数据进行分析,得到了边界层中扰动波的发展规律,定量分析了第二模态波的相关参数。结果显示：两种模型中第二模态波在沿流向向下游发展的过程中,其幅值均先增大再衰减、特征频率均逐渐减小;特征频率和传播速度整体上均随雷诺数的增大而增加(后台阶模型中特征频率由100 kHz增至196 kHz,前台阶中则由 97 kHz 增至174 kHz)、波长变化规律则与之相反(后台阶中由6.35 mm降至4.54 mm,前台阶由7.35 mm降至 4.66 mm );后台阶模型中第二模态波初次出现位置比前台阶中更靠近上游,边界层转捩位置较前台阶前移。将NPLS结果与高频脉动压力测试结果进行对比,两者吻合较好。     

民用飞机性能选型指标体系研究

随着飞机事业的发展和现代科技的进步,系统化地规划好采购飞机的机型以及合理安排不同航线段适用机型飞行是相当必要的。分析国内外有关飞机性能选型指标参数研究的现状,从航线经济性、发动机匹配性、航线适应性、机场适应性四个角度出发,进行飞机性能选型的现状分析。基于飞机性能优劣度初步建立了飞机性能选型指标体系,以期为目前国内航空公司飞机选型提供可靠性能参考。     

火箭发动机尾部结构优化研究

针对火箭发动机尾部壳体烧穿故障导致系统级失效的突出问题,运用贝叶斯网络模型推得影响系统可靠性的薄弱环节,结合试件性能与残骸分解数据,分析系统故障机理。采用有限元数值计算手段,由流场计算分析固定支架结构破坏后发动机内流场情况,进而明确系统结构优化方案。经结构优化考核试验,火箭发动机外壁温升降低62.17%,系统可靠性提高0.62%,实现可靠性增长的目的。     

高性能产品(零件)制造技术特征现状的研究分析

系统分析各类高性能制造以注重零件的几何尺寸精度所带来的问题,即在具备超精密、高精度加工能力后,由"合格的高精度零件"装配出的产品至今依然还是合格率低、参数稳定性差的本质内因.首次从零件制造微观角度提出了产品生产合格率低、参数稳定性差是由零件表面微观特征与产品技术特征非匹配性导致的,提出了全新的产品制造理念,从注重零件的几何尺寸精度向关注零件制造微观工艺特征与产品技术特征的匹配性和符合性转变.形成和建立起我国自主创新的高性能产品制造思想和产品制造工艺技术体系,才能从根本上解决产品生产制造合格率低、参数稳定性差等问题,才能形成有继承性、可持续、稳定的产品制造技术体系,而这一切是工业4.0制造模式无法解决的.     

Designing corrections for the trajectory of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spektr-R</Emphasis> spacecraft in the event of immersions into the Moon’s sphere of influence

The results of updating the parameters of motion of the Spektr-R spacecraft at the end of 2016 have shown that, in January 2018, with a probability close to unity, the condition that a spacecraft stay in the Earth’s shadow is violated; however, in May of the same year, the ballistic life of the spacecraft will be terminated. Thus, in 2017, the question arose of how to design the correction of flight of this spacecraft using its onboard propulsion system. The correction was designed with allowance for the fact that, for the first time since it was launched, the spacecraft in the course of several years, beginning with 2017, repeatedly approaches the Moon, deeply immersing into its sphere of influence. This paper presents the technologically and organizationally convenient, allowable versions of upcoming correction of the Spektr-R spacecraft trajectory and justifies the particular scheme of its implementation.     

Study of the magnetospheres of active regions on the sun by radio astronomy techniques

In the 1990s, based on detailed studies of the structure of active regions (AR), the concept of the magnetosphere of the active region was proposed. This includes almost all known structures presented in the active region, ranging from the radio granulation up to noise storms, the radiation of which manifests on the radio waves. The magnetosphere concept, which, from a common point of view, considers the manifestations of the radio emission of the active region as a single active complex, allows one to shed light on the relation between stable and active processes and their interrelations. It is especially important to identify the basic ways of transforming nonthermal energy into thermal energy. A dominant role in all processes is attributed to the magnetic field, the measurement of which on the coronal levels can be performed by radio-astronomical techniques. The extension of the wavelength range and the introduction of new tools and advanced modeling capabilities makes it possible to analyze the physical properties of plasma structures in the AR magnetosphere and to evaluate the coronal magnetic fields at the levels of the chromosphere–corona transition zone and the lower corona. The features and characteristics of the transition region from the S component to the B component have been estimated.     

基于大数据的民用飞机未来运营模式探索

大数据作为一种新兴的IT实现方式,在深刻影响IT业变革的同时,也为航空业带来了新的发展机遇。飞机运行过程中产生的海量运营数据最能体现民机的大数据基因,基于大数据的飞机运营支援将会是其在航空产业施展拳脚的主要战场之一。首先通过对航空大数据的梳理与分析,获得运营数据的种类、结构、数据流程以及相关特点。然后结合航空公司的具体业务需求,针对飞机典型复杂系统,分别以健康监控中的故障诊断、性能退化预测以及维修辅助决策几大关键技术作为大数据应用的切入点介绍技术研究路线,利用数据挖掘、机器学习等方法识别运营数据在系统不同健康状态下的特征表达,准确预测系统退化趋势,设置风险预警模型以提前预知潜在故障,最后从工程应用角度探讨这些关键技术的大数据实现平台以及基于大数据的运营业务流程。     

The mass loss of spacecraft polyimide films under the action of atomic oxygen and vacuum ultraviolet radiation

The threshold values of the annual fluence of atomic oxygen (F _AO ≈ 10²⁰ cm^?2), as well as the ratios of the energy-flux density of vacuum ultraviolet radiation of the solar spectrum to the flux density of atomic oxygen (Φ _ν /Φ _AO ≈ 8 × 10^?15 mJ) were determined, which are characterized the influence of the synergistic effect on the mass loss of Kapton-H, PM-A, and PM-1E polyimide films, which are spacecraft materials.     

首颗自主地月转移微卫星“龙江二号”

本文对世界首颗独立完成地月转移、近月制动、环月飞行的微卫星“龙江二号”进行了介绍。首先阐述了龙江二号的任务目标和总体方案;然后重点分析了轨道设计与控制、复杂电磁干扰的标定与抑制、宽视场三维基线干涉测量等关键技术难点;接着回顾了任务的实施过程;最后详细介绍了低频射电探测仪、沙特光学相机和VHF/UHF通信模块与学生微型CMOS相机等有效载荷,并展示了上述载荷获取的初步成果。     

Calculation of flight vehicle main support wheel vibrations taking into account brake forces

A model of the main support of the aircraft landing gear is presented and its dynamics is studied using the equations for the distributed motion of a wheel equipped with a brake. Stability of the support wheel rolling motion is analyzed and the brake parameter values which may cause stability loss are found. The results of numerical experiments are presented.