无人机飞行安全控制与安控器设计

针对无人机飞行安全问题,介绍了提高任务飞行安全的技术、方法和措施,提出了基于GPS卫星接收机,独立于飞控系统的无人机安控器设计思路。在研究安控策略的基础上,设计了无人机安控器,并结合某型无人机进行了安控仿真试验,结果表明安控器有效、方案可行。     

空气节流对煤油燃料超燃燃烧室燃烧性能影响

采用非定常数值模拟方法研究了空气节流对煤油燃料超燃冲压发动机燃烧性能的影响,并研究了节流流量和节流撤去时间对节流效果的影响。在发动机入口马赫数2.0、静温656.5K、静压0.125MPa的条件下,无空气节流时发动机下壁面稳焰失败,壁面压力较低;有空气节流时发动机下壁面燃料稳定燃烧,壁面压力较高。空气节流可以有效地提高发动机的推力性能,可以改变发动机的燃烧模态。随着节流流量和节流撤去时间的增加,燃烧越来越剧烈,壁面压力逐渐升高,可能影响进气道的起动。节流可能促使流场产生振荡现象,通过改变节流流量也可以消除振荡现象。     

星间洛仑兹力编队飞行的平衡点及零速度曲面

提出了一种新的利用星间洛仑兹力控制卫星相对运动的方法:使主星产生自旋磁场,副星带电,通过控制副星所受的星间洛仑兹力进行编队。假设主星产生的人造磁场表现为偶极子并且运动在一条开普勒圆形轨道上,副星恒定带电并在主星附近运动,同时假设星间洛仑兹力只影响副星的运动而不影响主星的运动。推导了副星在主星HCW(当地垂直当地地平坐标系)坐标系下的相对运动动力学方程。针对偶极子与HCW坐标轴X轴重合的情况下,推导了动力系统下的平衡点(并采用稳定性分析方法分析其线性化意义下的稳定性)、积分常数和零速度曲面,证明了有界相对运动的存在。最后用数值仿真验证了上述结论。     

基于改进配点法的最省燃料交会研究

基于改进的直接配点法,研究了有限推力最优交会控制问题。给出了有限推力交会的最优控制模型,将状态量和控制量离散化,节点间的状态量用五阶多项式表示,形成一系列代数约束,转化为一个非线性规划问题,用序列二次规划算法(SQP)求解参数最优化问题。对终端时刻自由的最省燃料交会问题的数值仿真结果表明:与直接配点法相比,改进配点法的精度较高。     

月球巡视器太阳电池阵电性能仿真模型

建立精准的太阳电池阵电性能仿真模型,可为月球巡视器电源设计方案以及在轨任务规划的验证和优化提供保障。文章依据巡视器设计及月面环境的特殊性,建立了考虑遮挡、月尘等因素的太阳电池阵电性能仿真模型。该模型包括布阵文件编写及导入模块,光强、温度、老化影响计算模块,月尘影响计算模块,以及部分遮挡影响计算模块。对仿真模型进行了仿真分析,并将仿真结果与硬件实测值进行比较,结果表明:两者之间的误差可控制在5%以内,证明了模型的正确性和精准度。     

基于Matlab/STK的航天电子侦察效能仿真技术研究

STK在航天领域的系统分析与仿真方面应用广泛,但是在应用中经常面临模型不完备、操作复杂等问题。以Matlab/STK接口模块为基础,综合Matlab建模和STK仿真优势,研究基于Matlab/STK的航天电子侦察效能仿真分析方法,该方法不需要直接操作STK,操作灵活。基于该方法仿真分析卫星的侦察效能、轨道设计以及优化电子侦察任务设计方案,可为航天电子侦察任务设计论证提供参考。     

Effect of Semi-solid Isothermal Heat Treatment on Microstructure of VW63Z Alloy

The effects of isothermal heat treatment on the semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z (Mg-6Gd-3Y-0.4Zr, wt.%) alloy are studied. It shows that the microstructure of VW63Z alloy could transform from equiaxed crystal to semi-solid spherical crystal after isothermal heat treatment above 620 ºC. With the heating temperature elevating from 620 ºC to 635 ºC and the holding time prolonging from 10 min to 35 min, the liquid fraction increases gradually. The semi-solid microstructure evolution of VW63Z alloy can be divided into three stages, i.e., particle coarsening and spheroidization;particle necking, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening;and dynamic equilibrium. The semi-solid process window of VW63Z alloy ranges from 620 ºC to 635 ºC, where the best process parameters are holding at 635 ºC for 20 min?30 min. The solid fraction, the average particle size, and the shape factor are 41.1%?53.8%, 81.5 μm?83.2 μm, and 0.70?0.75, respectively. The maximum relative deviations of the solid fraction, the particle size, and the shape factor at different heights of the same billet are 44.6%, 17.4%, and 16.6%, respectively, which means that it should pay attention to the uniformity of edge and core of VW63Z alloy during isothermal heat treatment. The driving force of microstructure is supposed to be the reduction of solid-liquid interface free energy.     

Experiment of drag characteristics of a novel variable geometry flame-holder

A novel variable geometry flame-holder (VGF) based on V-gutter was presented. The structural characteristics of the flame holder were introduced. Experimental study on drag characteristics of the VGF on un-burning and burning states was conducted in a rectangular combustion test rig. The influence of the change of gutter trailing edge width w on pressure recovery in different operating conditions was analyzed emphatically. Furthermore,drag characteristics in different trailing edge width variation modes were discussed. Results show that: (1) Narrowing w can observably raise the total pressure recovery σ but the highest σ is not obtained at minimum w. (2) The relationship of drag coefficient ψ and w in the un-burning conditions can be well expressed in a form of exponential equation (w/d>0.4). (3) Drag characteristics are not sensitive to the variation modes and speeds of w . (4) In the burning condition,σ decreases with the increasing of w basically and the course can be divided into three stages. The results and experimental data presented in this paper would enhance the phenomenological understanding of this type of VGF,and would contribute to the next experimental study and numerical calculus of this novel VGF.      

铝电解电容在湿热环境下的贮存可靠性

针对电子设备中的铝电解电容在贮存环境下的失效问题,通过对铝电解电容进行湿热贮存试验,考察了湿热环境引起的铝电解电容外观状态和电性能的变化,并对试验中出现的失效现象进行了分析.结果表明,铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现了引脚腐蚀和橡胶塞长霉的失效现象;环境温度对铝电解电容贮存可靠性有重要影响,温度超过40℃引脚腐蚀速度会大大加快.温度在30℃适宜霉菌生长,温度超过30℃后没有长霉现象.阳极箔上的阳极氧化膜被腐蚀是铝电解电容在湿热环境下出现电容量和漏电流增大的原因.     

航空发动机复杂型面罩子钣充液成形技术

利用先进的钣材冲压计算机仿真技术对零件成形中的关键问题进行了研究,并通过先进的充液成形技术进行了实际零件的成形试验,试验的结果与模拟结果基本一致。最后应用模拟得到的成形参数,利用钣充液成形工艺成形出了合格的零件。