“资源”卫星轨控推力器羽流场数值模拟

文章以"资源"卫星敏感表面污染问题的实际研究为目的,针对该卫星20N轨控推力器为对象,采用轴对称分区和三维直接蒙特卡罗(DSMC)相结合的方法,模拟采用肼为推进剂的多组分羽流场,计算获得了敏感表面的羽流及其反流特性。模拟结果表明,分子量越小的分子越容易进入反流区,出现组分分离现象和非平衡效应。最后,与已有的文献试验结果相比较,表明模拟结果合理可信,为卫星敏感表面的污染模拟打下基础。     

航天器损伤评估和安全管理中的多尺度力学问题

文章指出航天器的安全性涉及到材料、元件、器件、子系统、系统和整机6个层次。虽然预测和防止失效的任务是在整机层次,但是损伤却是起源于材料的微损伤这一最底层。损伤从原子层次到整机层次的在多个尺度层次上的演化诱致了整体的破坏。由此引入多尺度力学,即研究各种不同长度尺度和时间尺度相互耦合现象的科学。文章试图将力学的宏观运动方程和微结构转变的动力学方程组成统一的方程组,从而得到宏观标量损伤D与微损伤数密度n的关系。文章还指出对于航天器的抗辐射加固问题,微损伤成核和发展的特征时间,与宏观特征空间尺度,以及外加载荷的特征时间之间的耦合关系,即德博拉(Deborah)数,是判断这类损伤演化诱致失效问题的一个关键。     

火工展开机构负载模拟试验系统特性分析

文章介绍了某型号火工展开机构负载模拟试验系统的结构形式及工作原理,通过摆杆滑块机构与气体加载气缸直接联动,实现了加载的快速响应。文章对此机构进行了运动学分析和动力学分析,应用Matlab运算平台求解出机构运动的相关曲线以及加载力曲线,并对加载力试验结果进行了对比分析和理论分析。通过比较,两条曲线在两端的数据平均误差较小(小于5%),而曲线中间的平均数据误差较大(约为10%左右),实际试验加载曲线位置略高于理论设计曲线。     

铺层方式对复合材料壁板热颤振特性的影响

采用分步求解的方法进行复合材料壁板的热颤振分析。先分析热效应产生的壁板附加刚度,再将壁板的热刚度效应引入到壁板颤振模型中进行壁板颤振分析。通过一块四边固支壁板的热颤振分析算例,验证了这种壁板热颤振分析方法的正确性。进而针对高速飞行器结构中的复合材料壁板热颤振问题,分析了三种不同铺层方式的复合材料壁板在受到面内均匀热载荷时颤振临界速度随温升的变化规律。结果显示：(1) 层合复合材料壁板的铺层比例和铺层顺序对壁板的热颤振临界速度都有明显的影响;(2) 温升可导致壁板颤振临界速度明显降低,且铺设方式不同,下降程度不同;(3) 在颤振危险模态不发生变化时,壁板颤振临界速度随温升而下降的趋势近似呈线性关系。     

一种源源编译控制流优化方法

源源编译器是一种对源代码进行重构和分析的工具,在程序设计语言研究领域有着广泛的应用。给出了一种源源编译的控制流结构优化方法。方法结合编译结构分析,对于可化简合并的典型控制流结构,进行结构分析;经数据流分析满足优化条件后,实现基本块的合并。优化后程序的结构更加清晰,可读性更好。方法在SUIF编译器上实现,经使用Olden基准测试程序试验,有效提高了源代码的翻译质量。     

KrF激光对高速飞片的驱动特性研究

利用诱导空间非相干技术平滑的KrF准分子（248nm）激光驱动带有烧蚀层的平面靶，研究激光空间均匀性对产生完整飞片的影响，结果表明激光不均匀性在2％以下，能够产生完整的高速飞片，且完整飞片能够维持20ns以上不破裂；当激光不均匀性达到5％，激光引入流体力学不稳定性种子应很强，冲击波在靶内输运过程中不稳定性不断发展增强，到靶背时强到足以使飞片解体甚至气化，不能产生完整的飞片。为了获得尽可能高的飞片速度，采用激光与烧蚀层参数不匹配方法，使冲击波对飞片作多次加速。利用功率密度为1012 W/cm2的KrF激光与含50μm Kapton烧蚀层的5μm铝飞片作用，得到速度约10km/s的高速飞片，与模拟结果吻合得很好。     

Coordinate Conversion and Tracking for Very Long Range Radars

The problem of tracking with very long range radars is studied in this paper. First, the measurement conversion from a radar's r-u-v coordinate system to the Cartesian coordinate system is discussed. Although the nonlinearity of this coordinate transformation appears insignificant based on the evaluation of the bias of the converted measurements, it is shown that this nonlinearity can cause significant covariance inconsistency in the conventionally converted measurements (CM1). Since data association depends critically on filter consistency, this issue is very important. Following this, it is shown that a suitably corrected conversion (CM2) eliminates the inconsistency. Then, initialized with the converted measurements (using CM2), four Cartesian filters are evaluated. It is shown that, among these filters, the converted measurement Kalman filter with second order Taylor expansion (CM2KF) is the only one that is consistent for very long range tracking scenarios. Another two approaches, the range-direction-cosine extended Kalman filter (ruvEKF) and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) are also evaluated and shown to suffer from consistency problems. However, the CM2KF has the disadvantage of reduced accuracy in the range direction. To fix this problem, a consistency-based modification for the standard extended Kalman filter (E1KF) is proposed. This leads to a new filtering approach, designated as measurement covariance adaptive extended Kalman filter (MCAEKF). For very long range tracking scenarios, the MCAEKF is shown to produce consistent filtering results and be able to avoid the loss of accuracy in the range direction. It is also shown that the MCAEKF meets the posterior Carmer-Rao lower bound for the scenarios considered.     

2010年我国房地产业的政策导向与发展趋势

房地产业是我国国民经济发展的支柱产业,确保房地产业健康稳定发展不仅有助于我国抵御经济危机,而且是预防通胀的重要措施.在我国经济复苏这段时期内,国家将对房地产市场进行结构优化,包括支持保障性住房的发展、遏制投机行为、科学测算用地指标、严格规范土地储备、打击"囤地"行为等,以达到房地产市场和谐稳定发展的目标.     

Expression of estrogen receptor α in human breast cancer cells regulates mitochondrial oxidative stress under simulated microgravity

This study investigated intracellular oxidative stress and its underlying mechanisms in a rotary cell culture system used to achieve a simulated microgravity (SMG) environment. Experiments were conducted with human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 (an estrogen receptor (ER) α positive cell line) and MDA-MB-231 (an ERα negative cell line) encapsulated in alginate/collagen carriers. After 48 h, SMG led to oxidative stress and DNA damage in the MDA-MB-231 cells but a significant increase in mitochondrial activity and minimal DNA damage in the MCF-7 cells. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in the MCF-7 cells and decreased in MDA-MB-231 cells in the SMG environment compared with a standard gravity control. Moreover, SMG promoted expression of ERα and protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon in MCF-7 cells treated with PKC inhibitor Gö6983. Overall, exposure to SMG increased mitochondrial activity in ERα positive cells but induced cellular oxidative damage in ERα negative cells. Thus, ERα may play an important role in protecting cells from oxidative stress damage under simulated microgravity.