约束处理策略对遗传算法优化性能的影响

根据遗传算法处理带约束优化问题时常用的拒绝策略或惩罚策略的优势与不足,提出一种“自适应拒绝＋惩罚”相结合的约束处理策略,分别采用3种不同约束处理策略完成了空中发射运载火箭的优化设计,并对优化结果进行了比较.结果表明,对于约束严的优化问题,拒绝策略收敛速度较慢;惩罚策略中罚函数的形式对优化结果影响较大;“自适应拒绝＋惩罚”策略拒绝所有约束破坏程度超过容许范围的非可行解,并对约束破坏程度在容许范围内的非可行解进行惩罚,可大大改善遗传算法处理严约束优化问题的优化性能.     

折射式二次聚光太阳能热推力器性能预示

针对折射式二次聚光太阳能热推力器,给出了太阳能热推力器(STP)性能预示的工程算法。计算结果表明,以氢气为工质,STP具有比冲较高(7500N·s/kg),推力范围宽(0.6～50N)的特点,并分析了聚光器的聚光比、太阳辐射能通量密度和工质气体的流量对STP性能的影响,得出了参数间的变化关系,为STP设计参数的选取和进一步研究提供了重要参考。     

折叠V形火焰稳定器原型的冷态与稳燃特性研究

为了获得折叠V形钝体这一新型火焰稳定器原型的冷、热态特性,采用风洞实验与混合雷诺平均/大涡模拟结合的方法对10组不同折叠角的折叠V形钝体火焰稳定器模型进行了冷态实验与热态数值模拟研究。其中冷态实验风速10~50m/s,来流雷诺数10000～80000,热态数值模拟工况为进气温度700K、来流速度50~150m/s,来流雷诺数20000～60000,当量比0.2~1。通过实验测得了不同折叠角折叠V形钝体总压恢复系数,通过数值模拟进一步获得了阻力系数、吹熄性能与燃烧效率,并获得了折叠V形钝体下游火焰时均轮廓。研究表明,折叠V形钝体总压恢复系数与阻力系数优于标准钝体,总压恢复系数随钝体折叠角减小而增大,阻力系数随折叠角减小而减小;折叠V形钝体抗吹熄能力与燃烧效率均优于标准V形钝体;折叠V形钝体的下游火焰扩散特性与标准V形钝体有显著差异。上述特性揭示了折叠V形钝体具备改善加力燃烧室性能的较大潜力,在实际应用中,还需对稳定器的空间排布做进一步研究与优化。     

空间相机摆扫成像立体定位精度仿真分析

为了验证空间相机摆扫成像立体定位的可行性,考虑成像比例尺变化、摆扫角测量精度、摆扫角稳定度和摆扫角速度等影响因素,建立了以总体设计中影响定位精度的各指标为参数的空间相机摆扫成像几何模型,推导了基于误差传播理论的定位精度计算方法,并对平面定位精度和高程精度进行了仿真,提出了摆扫成像方式条件下提高定位精度的有效措施。结果表明,在成像幅宽较大时,单线阵摆扫成像线阵长度较小情况下和双线阵推扫成像线阵长度较大情况下,可达到相近的定位精度,提高摆扫角测量精度、摆扫角稳定度及时间同步精度,可提高平面定位精度。摆扫成像立体定位精度仿真方法适用于大幅宽成像遥感卫星定位精度指标分配。     

旋翼干扰流场数值模拟中的新型Blend低速预处理方法

针对定常低速预处理在双时间步长内收敛性差、旋翼干扰流场数值模拟中非定常低速预处理自动退化为无预处理的问题,在非定常低速预处理方法的基础上,采用量级分析方法研究了对流项和黏性项量级,通过组合定常和非定常预处理特征值矩阵,建立了一种新型Blend低速预处理方法。通过圆柱非定常扰流、前飞直升机旋翼/机身干扰非定常流场和直升机/舰船干扰非定常流场的数值模拟,对各低速预处理方法的收敛性和预测精度进行了细致研究。结果表明,本文方法解决了在旋翼干扰流场数值模拟时非定常低速预处理自动退化为无预处理的问题,相比定常低速预处理大幅提高了收敛效率。     

A transient bulk flow model with circular whirl motion for rotordynamic coefficients of annular seals

Bulk flow model with perturbation simplification has been used to calculate rotordynamic coefficients in annular seals which have significant influences on the dynamic behavior of rotors in turbomachinery. In this work, a transient bulk flow model with arbitrary rotor motion is developed, and the boundary conditions and friction factor in the model are calibrated with steady Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. The numerical solution scheme is developed based on the finite element method to obtain the transient reaction force in the seal clearance. With a periodic circular rotor orbit, the transient forces at multiple whirling frequencies are used to evaluate the rotordynamic coefficients. The leakage flowrate of CFD analysis has good agreement with experimental results and the calibrated parameters in bulk flow model are dependent on operating conditions. Although CFD calibration improves the accuracy of the perturbed bulk flow model, the direct damping is overestimated and the cross-coupled damping is underestimated. Compared with the perturbed model, the predictions of the transient bulk flow model are more agreeable with the experiment.     

Experimental characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial

Plasma Synthetic Jet (PSJ) actuators have shown wide and promising application prospects in high-speed flow control, due to their advantages including high exhaust speed, wide frequency band, rapid response, and non-moving components. Although previous studies on PSJ actuators are abundant, most of them have focused on the performance of a single actuator. However, in practice, an actuator array is very necessary for large-scale aerodynamic actuation on account of the small affected area of a single PSJ. In this paper, the characteristics of a two-electrode plasma synthetic jet actuator array in serial are investigated experimentally. Compared to a parallel actuator array, the serial actuator array requires simpler power supply design and is much easier to realize. High-speed photography of the discharge evolution, voltage-current measurement, and shadowgraphy visualization are used in the investigation. Experimental results show that, for the serial actuator array, weak discharges happen firstly between energized and suspending electrodes, and then a strong pulse arc discharge is triggered. The breakdown voltage in serial is irrelevant to such factors as the number of actuators, the maximum or minimum gap in serial, the connection sequence, etc. It is mainly determined by the sum of gaps. For serial actuators with the same anode-to-cathode spacing, the energy deposition is the same, and the jet is synchronous and similar. Because of the entrainment and merging of adjacent jet vortices, the jet front speed of an aligned synchronous jet array increases as the orifice distance decreases. To achieve the highest jet front velocity, the orifice of the actuator has an optimal diameter.     

泛在无线信号定位辅助信息的标准化研究

目前利用泛在无线信号进行定位时所需要的特定辅助信息的数据格式和传输方式还没有出台相关标准,这在某种程度上制约了导航定位产业的发展。针对这一问题,提出了通过对卫星导航定位领域广泛使用的RTCM SC-104和NMEA 0183这两种国际标准格式进行扩展,使其包含泛在无线信号定位相关的辅助信息,并将其通过NTRIP协议进行播发,从而实现辅助信息数据格式和传输方式的标准化。该研究有利于传统高精度GNSS定位和泛在无线信号定位的融合,并为实现泛在(无处不在)的室内外一体化定位提供技术支撑。     

基于萤火虫算法的磁信标自主定位方法

传统定位和跟踪应用(如雷达和GPS等)受天气、地域的限制,无法适应室内、地下、水下等应用场合,对此研究了一种低频磁信标定位方法,可穿透土壤、岩石、海水、建筑物和许多其他类型的介质,不受恶劣的天气条件或昼夜变化的直接影响,在许多室内和室外环境中应用十分方便。针对传统磁信标定位存在的问题,分析了分离式磁信标定位的原理,给出了萤火虫算法在磁信标定位中的数学模型,提出了一种基于萤火虫算法的磁信标自主定位方法,该方法适应性更强,更易于工程实现,最后通过仿真和实验验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于CEMD的旋翼微动目标杂波抑制方法

针对旋翼微动目标杂波抑制问题,研究了一种基于复数据经验模态分解（CEMD）的微动目标杂波抑制方法。首先,建立了地杂波背景下的旋翼微动目标信号模。然后,根据杂波和微动信号在时频域的差异性,基于CEMD和Gabor变换,通过新定义的不同本征模态函数（IMF）的能量所占总能量的比重,选择出微动信号占优所对应的几个IMF分量,并基于这些IMF对旋翼微动目标进行时域和时频域重构,实现旋翼微动目标和杂波的分离,达到抑制杂波提取微动目标回波的目的。最后,与常规杂波抑制方法进行了对比,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。